NEB

Question 1

How does NEB occur

Answer 1

lactation drains body reserves. glucose vital from brain and milk yield, causes gluconeogenesis and lipolysis = lots of problems

Question 2

what is primary ketosis

Answer 2

AKA starvation ketosis, sometimes d/t specific nutritional deficiencies = excessive breakdown of fat and muscl

Question 3

what is secondary ketosis

Answer 3

any condition that makes a cow loose appetite - LDA/RDA, lameness, endometritis, mastitis

Question 4

what are the 2 forms of ketosis

Answer 4

wasting = reduced appetite, reduced weight, firm dry faeces, bouts of staggering
neuro = depraved appetite, licking, chewing, walks in circles, head pushing, hyperaesthesia

Question 5

dx of ketosis

Answer 5

serum NEFAs elevated, lower blood glucose, elevated BHBA, milk and urine ketone levels

Question 6

tx for ketosis

Answer 6

iv dextrose 200g slow drip, propylene glycol 250mlx2/d - can also try corticosteroids, appetite stimulants

Question 7

signs of fat mobilisation syndrome

Answer 7

BCS>4, rapid decline in BCS, recumbent, neuro signs? concurrent illness, inappetance d/t fat mobilisation as NEFAs deposited in liver

Question 8

signs of pregnancy toxaemia

Answer 8

fat animal, last few weeks of gestation, d/t reduced feed intake, mainly in cattle and sheep = separated animal, recumbent, depressed, constipated, can be related to parasitism

Question 9

tx of pregnancy toxaemia

Answer 9

supplementary feeding and early tx w propylene glycol, drench w rehydration solution, induce parturition? provide high quality feed, IVFT?, consider insulin, steroids, choline…

Question 10

prevention of pregnancy toxaemia

Answer 10

prevent fat or skinny animals, good quality food, transitional diets, careful husbandry!