Ndebele

Question 1

what are the differences between Animal cells and plant cells?

Answer 1

Animal Cells:
a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes
Plant and algal Cells: cell wall, and often have chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole

Question 2

What is a nucleus?

Answer 2

The nucleus contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell. (found in animal and plant cells)

Question 3

What is a Cytoplasm?

Answer 3

Most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes. (found in animal and plant cells)

Question 4

What is a Cell membrane?

Answer 4

Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell. (found in animal and plant cells)

Question 5

What is the Mitochondria?

Answer 5

Most energy is released by respiration here (found in animal and plant cells)

Question 6

What is the Ribosome?

Answer 6

Protein synthesis happens here. (found in animal and plant cells)

Question 7

What is the Cell wall?

Answer 7

Strengthens the cell (found in plant cells)

Question 8

What is a chloroplast?

Answer 8

Contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis (plant cells only)

Question 9

What is a permanent vacuole?

Answer 9

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid.

turgid = swollen and firm with water

Question 10

Define tissues in systemic terms?

Answer 10

A tissue is a group of specialised cells that have a similar structure and function. Tissues consist of groups of similar cells

Question 11

What is and When does diffusion occur?

Answer 11

Diffusion occurs when particles spread. They move from a region where they are in high concentration to a region where they are in low concentration. Diffusion happens when the particles are free to move. This is true in gases and for particles dissolved in solutions. Particles diffuse down a concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This is how the smell of cooking travels around the house from the kitchen.

Question 12

Define organs in systemic terms?

Answer 12

Organs contain different tissues, working together to carry out particular functions.

Question 13

Define an organ system?

Answer 13

Organ systems contain different organs. The different organ systems work together in an organism.

Question 14

Define the function of Muscular tissue?(A)

Answer 14

Contracts, bringing about movement

Question 15

Define the function of Glandular tissue?(A)

Answer 15

Produces substances such as enzymes and hormones

Question 16

What is an enzyme?(A)

Answer 16

proteins which catalyse or speed up chemical reactions within our bodies.

Question 17

What is a hormone?(A)

Answer 17

Chemical messengers produced in glands and carried by the blood to specific organs in the body.

Question 18

Define the function of Epithelial tissue?(A)

Answer 18

Covers some parts of the body

Question 19

Function of Pancreas and salivary glands(A)

Answer 19

Produce digestive juices

Question 20

Function of stomach(A)

Answer 20

digests food

Question 21

Function of Liver(A)

Answer 21

produces bile

Question 22

Function of Small intestine(A)

Answer 22

Digest and absorb soluble food

Question 23

Function of Large intestine?(A)

Answer 23

Absorbs water from undigested food, producing faeces

Question 24

Function of the Epidermal tissue(P)

Answer 24

Covers the plant

Question 25

Function of the Mesophyll(P)

Answer 25

Carries out photosynthesis

Question 26

Function of the Xylem and phloem(P)

Answer 26

Transport of substances around the plant

Question 27

Give some examples of plant organs?

Answer 27

• Roots
• Stems
• Leaves

Question 28

In Plants, What is the purpose of the Chlorophyll?

Answer 28

To absorb sunlight

Question 29

In plants, what is the advantage of having a large surface area?

Answer 29

the plant can absorb more light

Question 30

In plants, what is the purpose of the Stomata?

Answer 30

To let carbon dioxide diffuse into the leaf

Question 31

In plants, what is the advantage of having a Network of veins?

Answer 31

To support the leaf and transport water and carbohydrates

Question 32

In plants, What is the advantage of a Thin, waxy cuticle made of wax?

Answer 32

To protect the leaf without blocking out light

Question 33

What is the name given to the process where food molecules are broken down into small, soluble ones, where they can enter the blood system?

Answer 33

digestion

Question 34

When do enzymes work best?

Answer 34

Enzymes work best when they are at a warm temperature, if the temperature is too high, they can denature.

Question 35

What can a Visking tube be used to represent?

Answer 35

the wall of the gut because it behaves similarly.