NCM 2105 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING MIDTERMS Flashcards
Basic unit of society
FAMILY
Unit of interacting persons related by ties of
marriage, birth or adoption
FAMILY
Buffer between the needs of the individual and
the demands and expectations of the society
FAMILY
Group of individuals living together for the
mutual benefit of each other
FAMILY
THE FILIPINO FAMIL
Based on the Philippine Constitution, Family
Code with focus on religious, legal, and
cultural aspects of the definition of family.
tHE FILIPINO FAMILY
Section 1
the foundation of the nation
it shall strengthen its solidarity and
actively promote its total development
tHE FILIPINO FAMILY
Section 2
Marriage, as an inviolable social
institution, is the foundation of family and
shall be protected by the state.
tHE FILIPINO FAMILY
Section 3
The state shall defend:
1. the right of spouses to found a family in
accordance with their religious convictions
and the demands of responsible
parenthood
2. the right of children to assistance
including proper care and nutrition, and
special protection from all forms of
neglect, abuse, cruelty, exploitation and
other conditions prejudicial to their dev”t
3. the right of the family to a family living
wage income
4. the right of families or family associations
to participate in the planning and
implementation of policies and programs
of that affect them
tHE FILIPINO FAMILY
Section 4
The family has the duty to care for its
elderly members but the state may also
do so through just programs of social
security
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
- Traditional
Traditional
- Nuclear/Extended Family
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Nuclear Family
A nuclear family consists of two parents and their children living together in one household.
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Extended Family
An extended family includes not only the nuclear family but also other relatives, such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, who may live together or maintain close connections.
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Blended/Reconstituted
(single parents
with own children marry each other)
partners in a relationship have children from previous relationships and come together
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
cohabitation
two people who are not married live together
.TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Communal
l (group of families/individuals
related or unrelated living and sharing
resources e.g. nursing homes)
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Dyad
(couple without a child)
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
No-kin
(group of at least two people
sharing a relationship and exchange
support who have no legal or blood tie to
each other)
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Foster
r (substitute family for children
whose parents are unable to care for
them)
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Compound Family
(where a man has
more than one spouse)
Compound Family- approved by Philippine authorities only
among____by virtue of Presidential
Decree _____, also known as the
;
Muslims
No. 1083
Code of Muslim Personal Laws of the
Philippines (Office of the President, 1977)
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Family of Procreation
refers to the family you yourself created
TYPES OF FAMILY
STRUCTURE
Family of Orientation
refers to the family where you came from
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
. Patriarcha
l – full authority on the father or
any male member of the family e.g. eldest
son, grandfather
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Matriarchal –
– full authority of the mother
or any female member of the family, e.g.
eldest sister, grandmother
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Egalitarian
– husband and wife exercise
a more or less amount of authority, father
and mother decides
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Democratic
– everybody is involved in
decision making
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Autocratic
– dictatorial
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Laissez-faire –
full autonomy
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Matricentric
– the mother decides/takes
charge in absence of the father (e.g.
father is working overseas)
TYPES OF FAMILY
AUTHORITY
Patricentic
– the father decides/ takes
charge in absence of the mother
TYPES OF FAMILY
DESCEND
Patrilineal
- affiliates a person with a
group of relatives wh
TYPES OF FAMILY
DESCEND
Bilateral
both parents
TYPES OF FAMILY
DESCEND
Matrilineal
related through mother
TYPES OF FAMILY
RESIDENCE
- Patrilocal
- family resides / stays with /
near domicile of the parents of the
husband
TYPES OF FAMILY
RESIDENCE
Matrilocal
- live near the domicile of the
parents of the wife
CONCEPT OF A FAMILy
Physical
Providing a safe, comfortable environment
necessary to growth, development and
rest/recreation
Economic
Financial aid for members
Meeting monetary needs
Reproductive
With offspring
Socialization
Teaching; transmitting beliefs, values,
attitudes and coping mechanism; providing
feedback; guiding problem-solving
FAMILY CENTERED NURSING APPROACH
Four approaches included in the family health nursing
care view
Family as the Context
Family as the Client
Family as a System
Family as a Component of Society
FAMILY CENTERED NURSING APPROACH
Family as the Context
the primary focus is on the health and development of an individual member existing within a specific environment.
FAMILY CENTERED NURSING APPROACH
Family as the Client
Family is the foreground and individuals are in
the background.
Family is seen as the sum of individual family
members.
The focus is concentrated on each and every
individual as they affect the whole family.
FAMILY CENTERED NURSING APPROACH
Family as a System
The focus is on the family as a client and it is
viewed as an international system in which the
whole is more than the sum of its parts.
FAMILY CENTERED NURSING APPROACH
Family as a Component of Society
Family is seen as one of many institutions in
society, along with health, educational,
religious, or economic institutio
The family as a whole interacts with other
institutions to receive exchange or give
communications and services
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Beginning Family
Covers the start of the marriage to the birth
of the 1st child, including establishment of a
new household and the beginning of a
nuclear family
Establishing a mutually satisfying marriage
Planning to have or not have children
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Childbearing Family
Begins with the birth of the 1st child and lasts
until the child is 30 months’ old
Having and adjusting to infant
Supporting the needs of three members
Renegotiating marital relationship
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Family with Preschool Children
Covers the years from the time the
oldest child is 2 ½ y.o. and until the youngest
child is 5 y.o.
Adjusting to costs of family life
Adapting to needs of preschool children to
stimulate growth and development
Coping with parental energy depletion and
lack of privacy
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Family with School Aged Children
Stage from which the oldest child is 6 y.o.
until the child turns 13 y.o.
Adjusting to the activity of growing children
Promoting joint decisions between children
and parents
Encouraging and supporting children’s
educational achievement
Meeting the physical health needs of all
family members
Maintaining a satisfying marital relationship
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Family with Teenagers and Young Adults
Begins when oldest child is 13 y.o. and ends
when youngest child is 20 y.o. or leaves
home
Maintaining open communication among
members
Supporting ethical and moral values within
the family
Balancing freedom with responsibility for
teenagers
Releasing young adults with appropriate
ritual and assistance
Strengthening marital relationship
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Launching Center Family
Covers between the time the 1st child leaves
home and the last child leaves home
Maintaining a supportive home base
Building a new life together as a couple
Assisting with aging or ill parents
FAMILY STAGES AND TASKS
(Duvall and Miller)
Middle Aged Family
Years from the time the last child leaves
home to the retirement or death of one of the
spouses
Reinvest in couple identity with concurrent
development of independent interest
Realign relationships to include in-laws and
grandchildren
Deal with disabilities and death of older
generation
Maintaining tie
FAMILY ROLES
Nurturer
Making all family members feel cherished and
loved
FAMILY ROLES
Provider
Furnishes financial resources
FAMILY ROLES
Decision-maker
Decided “what” will happen
FAMILY ROLES
Problem Solver
Decides “how” it will happen
Most creative family member
First one to match a solution to a need or problem
FAMILY ROLES
Tradition Setter
Seeing that family values continue to be
transmitted from generation to generation
FAMILY ROLES
Value Setter
Influences whether the family accepts or rejects
traditional, cultural, community and religious
values
FAMILY ROLES
Health Superviso
Makes health care discussions for family
members
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller)
Physical Maintenance
provides food
shelter, clothing, and health care
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller)
Socialization of Family
preparation of children to live in the
community and interact with people
outside the family.
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller
Allocation of Resources
determines
which family needs will be met and
their order of priority.
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller
Maintenance of Order
opening an effective means of
communication between family
members, integrating family values
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller
Placement of Members Into Larger
Society
electing community activities such as
church, school, politics at correlate
with the family beliefs and values
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller
. Division of Labor
who will fulfill
certain roles e.g., family provider,
home manager, children’s caregiver
Eight Family Tasks (Duvall & Niller
Maintenance of motivation and
morale
- created when members
serve as support people to each other
Five Family Health Tasks (Maglaya A,., 2004)
- Recognizing interruptions of health
development - Making decisions about
seeking health care/ to take action - Dealing effectively
health and non-health situations - Providing care to all
members of the family - Maintaining a home
environment conducive to health
maintenance’
FAMILY
3 MAIN POINTS OF INTERACTION
- Husband-Wife Relations
- Parent-Child Relations
- Sibling Relations
FAMILY SYSTEMS THEORY
→ Family as living social system within context
→ Family is composed of interrelated and
interdependent individuals who are organize
into single unit to attain their goal
THE INTERACTIONAL/SYMBOLIC
INTERACTIONAL FRAMEWORK
→ Family as interacting personalities.
THE DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH
→ Use a family which is developing across a
lifespan
→ Every individual is growing.
STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
→ Specifies 4 structural dimensions:
ROLE STRUCTURE – first dimension;
every family member has a role to
perform.
2. VALUE SYSTEM – second dimension;
every family has its own value system.
3. COMMUNICATION PROCESS – third
dimension; open communication.
4. POWER STRUCTURE – fourth
dimension; Role as power, who makes
major decisions?
FAMILY HEALTH
a dynamic changing relative state of well being
which include biological, psychological,
spiritual, sociological and cultural factors of the
family system.
FAMILY ASSESSMENT TOOLS
Genogram
pertinent family information
Family tree format
last 3 generations
McGoldrick et al
FAMILY ASSESSMENT TOOLS
ECOMAP
visual diagram of the family unit in
relation to other units or subsystems in
the community.
FAMILY ASSESSMENT TOOLS
FAMILY APGAR
- Adaptation - Use of intra and extra
familial resources for problem
solving. - Partnership - Sharing of decisionmaking and nurturing
responsibilities by family members. - Growth - physical and emotional
maturation and self-fulfillment
achieved by family members
through mutual support and
guidance. - Affection - Caring or loving
relationships among family. - Resolve - Commitment to devote
time to other members of the family
for physical and emotional nurturing.
DATA GATHERING METHODS
- Observation
- Physical examination
- Interview
- Record review
- Laboratory/diagnostic tests
FAMILY HEALTH CARE PRO
ASSESSMENT
1. FIRST LEVEL ASSESSMENT
A. Assessment/ Initial Data Base in FNP
B. Typology of Nursing Problems
STEPS IN DEVELOPING A FAMILY
NURSING CARE PLAN
Pioritized Health Condition /Problem
2. Define Goals and Objectives of Care
3. Develop Interventional Plan
4. Develop Evaluation Plan
CATEGORIES/LEVELS OF INTERVENTION/
HEALTH CARE SERVICES
HEALTH PROMOTION
DISEASE PREVENTION
CURATIVE CARE
REHABILITATIVE CARE
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING THE TYPE OF
NURSE-FAMILY CONTACT
- Effectivity
- Efficiency
- Appropriateness
TYPE OF NURSE – FAMILY CONTACT
HOME VISIT
CLINIC/OFFICE CONFERENCE
TELEPHONE CONFERENCE
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
HOME VISIT – expensive in terms of time,
efforts and logistics, but it is effective and
appropriate if the outcomes
CLINIC/OFFICE CONFERENCE - less
expensive for the nurse and provide
opportunity to use equipment that cannot be
taken home.
TELEPHONE CONFERENCE – maybe
effective, efficient and appropriate if the
outcomes of care require immediate access to
data, given problems on distance and travel
time.
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION – less timeconsuming for the nurse in instances when
there are many priority families needing followup on top of problems of distance and travel
time
TOOLS OF THE PHN
(PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE)
o Public Health Bag
DEVELOP THE EVALUATION PLAN
I. MONITORING
II. EVALUATION
II. EVALUATION
Focus of Evaluation:
- Inputs
- Processes
- Results or outcomes
→ Output
→ Effect
→ Impact
STEPS IN PROGRAM EVALUATION
- Decide what to Evaluate
- Design the Evaluation Plan
- Collect Relevant Data
- Analyze Data
- Make Decision
- Report/Give Feedback
IMPORTANCE/USES OF RECORDS AND
REPORTS
Communicate care to other team
Help identify patterns of responses and changes in status
Provide data for evaluation, research and
improvement of quality care
Document data to supply validation for
insurance or legal purposes.
AIR
2. DAR
3. DIE
4. PIE
5. SOAP/SOAPIE
(Assessment, Intervention, Response,
Action)
(Data, Action, Response)
(Data, Intervention, Evaluation)
(Problem, Intervention, Evaluation)
(Subjective, Objective,
Analysis of Assessment, Plan, Implementation,
Evaluation)
FIELD HEALTH SERVICES AND INFORMATION
SYSTEM (FHSIS)
Records are facility based, they are kept at the
BHS or RHU.
♥ Records serves as a basis of reports.
♥ Records consist of summary data that are
transmitted or submitted monthly, quarterly
and annually to a higher level.
FIELD HEALTH SERVICES AND INFORMATION
SYSTEM (FHSIS)
FAMILY FOLDER
✓ OB/GYN - history of previous pregnancies
✓ Child Growth and Devt. Chart Card - weight
and immunization record
FIELD HEALTH SERVICES AND INFORMATION
SYSTEM (FHSIS)
HOME BASED MATERNAL RECORD (HBMR)
use as a guide during prenatal care for the
identification of risk factors and danger signs
and in doing appropriate measures.
RECORDING TOOLS
1. Individual Treatment Record (ITR)
→ the building block of the FHSIS
RECORDING TOOLS
2. Target Client List (TCL)
→ the second building block of the FHSIS
TCL’S MAINTAINED AT THE RHU/HC
o Prenatal Care
o Postpartum Care
o Under 1 year old children
o Family Planning
o Sick Children
o National Tuberculosis Program Register
o National Leprosy Control Program
RECORDING TOOLS
3. Summary table
serves as a
source of information for the 10 leading causes
of morbidity in the municipality/city.
RECORDING TOOLS
Monthly Consolidation Table (MCT)
Accomplished by the nurse based on the
summary table.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS
♥ Local Health Board
GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
♥ DSWD
♥ Nutrition Council
♥ Population Commission
NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
♥ Socio-Civic Organizations
♥ Religious Organizations
♥ Schools
