NCLEX Study 2

Question 1

PaCO2 Range

Answer 1

35-45

Question 2

pH Range

Answer 2

7.35-7.45

Question 3

HCO3

Answer 3

22-28

Question 4

Lamotragine, What’s it used for?

Answer 4

Epilepsy, brand name Lamictil. Mood stabilizer for bipolar

Question 5

Condition that is caused by an increase in cortisol levels

Answer 5

Cushing’s Disease

Question 6

Condition causing decreased cortisol levels

Answer 6

Addison’s disease

Question 7

SLE- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Answer 7

Autoimmune disorder. Widespread inflammation and tissue damage. Immune systema attacks joints, skin, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels.

Minimize direct exposure to sunlight. UV light exacerbates all aspects of the disease

Fever, rashes, fatigue

Question 8

Isoniazid and Rifampin

Answer 8

Isoniazid- used to treat TB
- take B Vitamin to prevent neuropathy
Rifampin- antibiotic also used in TB tx
- may cause organgeish reddening of the skin

Both are hepatoxic, look for darkening urine, and NO alcohol

Question 9

Fat Embolism- S/Sx

Answer 9

Like a PE, but after a major fracture.
-SOB
-pain worsening with inhalation
-coughing, low O2
Associated with petechiae (reddish purple spots)

Question 10

Phenazopyridine

Answer 10

Med for symptomatic relief of dysuria. Causes harmless orange discoloration of urine

Question 11

Brachytherapy-What is it and what are the considerations?

Answer 11

Implanted radium implants
-provides high dose radiation
-need single rooms
-no pregnant or children visitors
-remain 6 ft from the patient
-
- Visitors for only 30 min to 2 hr a day

Question 12

What is acute coronary syndrome? Symptoms?

Answer 12

Blood flow to the heart is stopped or reduced causing damage to the heart tissue.

Symptoms: pallor, progressive worsening of symptoms, epigastric pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness

Question 13

What is Clonidine used for?

Answer 13

Antihypertension, and pain relief

Side effects: Dry mouth, drowsiness,

Question 14

Normal range newborn vital signs

Answer 14

HR 120-160
RR 30-60
Temp 97.7-99.5
Vigorous cry
muscle tone
Umbilical cord that has 2 arteries and 1 vein

Question 15

Which labs need to be monitored for a patient taking lithium?

Answer 15

Cr, Na, TSH

Question 16

Reportable conditions to the local health department

Answer 16

HIV, Hep A, syphilis, gonorrhea, chicken pox, chlamydia, pulmonary TB, rabies, influenza

Question 17

Considerations taking Doxycycline

Answer 17

Take without food to enhance absorption
calcium decreases the effectiveness of doxy

Question 18

Symptoms of DVT and
Treatment

Answer 18

Swelling, redness, warmth, tenderness

Tx: DVT
- Don’t walk, Bedrest, no heat, don’t want to dislodge, no tedhoes no SCD’s
-elevate leg
-

Question 19

Compartment syndrome signs

Answer 19

Pain and Paresthesia (numbness and tingling)
- pain unrelieved by morphine
-extreme pain with passive movement

all these indicate muscle ischemia

Question 20

Dark urine and metallic tastes are associated with which antibiotic

Answer 20

Metronidazole

Question 21

Infant developmental milestones 0-3 months

Answer 21

No head control
grasp reflex developing
rooting reflex developing

Question 22

Infant developmental milestones at 2-3 months

Answer 22

Head control gets better, raise head when prone
kicks both legs

Question 23

Infant developmental milestones 4-5 months

Answer 23

No head lag
role from front to back
grabs objects voluntarily
diminishing of morro reflex
mimic sounds

Question 24

Infant developmental milestones 6-9 months

Answer 24

Birth weight doubles at 6 months
sit up unsupported
pull self up
hold big bottle
transfer objects from one hand to other
basic words- need to be babbling by 9 months
identify faces and strangers
separations anxiety begins at 6 months

Question 25

Infant developmental milestones 10-12 months

Answer 25

prone to sitting 10-pincer grasp, can pick up small foods 11- neat pincer grasp understand simple words purposeful play ie build sort stack

Question 26

Infant developmental milestones 12 months

Answer 26

birth weight triples sit down from standing position walk 1 step while holding hand crawl up stairs try to build 2 block tower unsuccessfully attempt to turn book pages follow short commands

Question 27

Infant developmental milestones 18 months

Answer 27

walk up and down stairs while holding a hand throw a ball jump in place with both feet able to hold cup and spoon scribble with crayons build tower of 4 blocks 10 word vocab

Question 28

Infant developmental milestones 2 years

Answer 28

Walk without help run and kick a ball walk up and down stairs independently 2-3 word sentences build tower of 7 blocks draw vertical lines turn pages 1 page at a time say own name 300+ words

Question 29

Infant developmental milestones 3 year olds

Answer 29

draw circles spoon feeds self rides tricycle 3-4 word sentences follow complex instructions associative play catch a ball 50% of time 4 sided shapes

Question 30

Dopamine effects

Answer 30

Used to treat cardiogenic shock, activate alpha 1 receptors to increase BP (think anaconda like constriction) -activate Beta 1 receptors to increase contractility, deep contraction

Question 31

DIC

Answer 31

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Stage 1: Creates a host of clots, or thrombi, which block small blood vessels and causes many organs to infarct due to poor oxygenation Stave 2: Body runs out of clotting factors Bleeding begins to occur everywhere, all over body, under skin, nose and mouth, and organs. Complications can include organ failure

Question 32

Characteristics of cystic fibrosis

Answer 32

Mucus in lungs and digestive system. Poor weight gain and failure to thrive weight loss and lack of appetite recurrent lung infections blood tinged sputum constipation and loose fatty stools (steatorrhea) Nursing considerations -High calorie meals -increase fluid intake -encourage exercise -postural drainage

Question 33

Most common medication for cystic firbosis

Answer 33

Acetylcysteine- helps loosen and thin mucus secretions. Protects the kidney's, antidote to Tylenol. Rotten egg smell- normal side effect

Question 34

Cardiac Tamponade S/Sx

Answer 34

Sac around the heart fills with fluid, which put pressure on the heart and decreases cardiac output S/Sx: Low O2, tachycardia, weak or thready pulse, restlessness, narrowing pulse pressures, uneven low QRS complexes

Question 35

Causes of Cardiac Tamponade and Treatments

Answer 35

-penetrating Trauma -Blunt force Trama -Cardiac Surgery -heart attack Tx: -pericardiocentesis Nursing considerations -keep pt on cardiac monitor -expect catheter to be left in place to drain fluid -periodically assess device for kinks

Question 36

What is Bec's triad?

Answer 36

symptoms of cardiac tamponade: - big JVD -Extremely low BP -Can't hear heart sounds (muffled from fluid)

Question 37

What is metabolic syndrome?

Answer 37

Metabolic syndrome is a chronic condition that occurs when someone has at least three of the following risk factors: Waist circumference: A waistline of at least 35 in (89 cm) for women and 40 in (102 cm) for men Triglyceride levels: 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or higher HDL cholesterol levels: Less than 40 mg/dL (1.04 mmol/L) for men and less than 50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) for women Blood pressure: 130/85 mm Hg or higher Fasting blood sugar: 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or higher

Question 38

Atelectasis

Answer 38

Part or all of a lunch collapses due to pressure, blockage, or anesthesia, among other causes

Question 39

Pregnancy risk complications due to iron deficiency anemia

Answer 39

Low birth weight preterm delivery perinatal mortality

Question 40

What is the medication Acamprosate used for?

Answer 40

Used to support alcohol abstinence in individuals who have recently stopped drinking