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Nursing > NCLEX Study 2 > Flashcards

NCLEX Study 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

PaCO2 Range

A

35-45

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2
Q

pH Range

A

7.35-7.45

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3
Q

HCO3

A

22-28

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4
Q

Lamotragine, What’s it used for?

A

Epilepsy, brand name Lamictil. Mood stabilizer for bipolar

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5
Q

Condition that is caused by an increase in cortisol levels

A

Cushing’s Disease

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6
Q

Condition causing decreased cortisol levels

A

Addison’s disease

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7
Q

SLE- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A

Autoimmune disorder. Widespread inflammation and tissue damage. Immune systema attacks joints, skin, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels.

Minimize direct exposure to sunlight. UV light exacerbates all aspects of the disease

Fever, rashes, fatigue

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8
Q

Isoniazid and Rifampin

A

Isoniazid- used to treat TB
- take B Vitamin to prevent neuropathy
Rifampin- antibiotic also used in TB tx
- may cause organgeish reddening of the skin

Both are hepatoxic, look for darkening urine, and NO alcohol

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9
Q

Fat Embolism- S/Sx

A

Like a PE, but after a major fracture.
-SOB
-pain worsening with inhalation
-coughing, low O2
Associated with petechiae (reddish purple spots)

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10
Q

Phenazopyridine

A

Med for symptomatic relief of dysuria. Causes harmless orange discoloration of urine

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11
Q

Brachytherapy-What is it and what are the considerations?

A

Implanted radium implants
-provides high dose radiation
-need single rooms
-no pregnant or children visitors
-remain 6 ft from the patient
-
- Visitors for only 30 min to 2 hr a day

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12
Q

What is acute coronary syndrome? Symptoms?

A

Blood flow to the heart is stopped or reduced causing damage to the heart tissue.

Symptoms: pallor, progressive worsening of symptoms, epigastric pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness

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13
Q

What is Clonidine used for?

A

Antihypertension, and pain relief

Side effects: Dry mouth, drowsiness,

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14
Q

Normal range newborn vital signs

A

HR 120-160
RR 30-60
Temp 97.7-99.5
Vigorous cry
muscle tone
Umbilical cord that has 2 arteries and 1 vein

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15
Q

Which labs need to be monitored for a patient taking lithium?

A

Cr, Na, TSH

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16
Q

Reportable conditions to the local health department

A

HIV, Hep A, syphilis, gonorrhea, chicken pox, chlamydia, pulmonary TB, rabies, influenza

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17
Q

Considerations taking Doxycycline

A

Take without food to enhance absorption
calcium decreases the effectiveness of doxy

18
Q

Symptoms of DVT and
Treatment

A

Swelling, redness, warmth, tenderness

Tx: DVT
- Don’t walk, Bedrest, no heat, don’t want to dislodge, no tedhoes no SCD’s
-elevate leg
-

19
Q

Compartment syndrome signs

A

Pain and Paresthesia (numbness and tingling)
- pain unrelieved by morphine
-extreme pain with passive movement

all these indicate muscle ischemia

20
Q

Dark urine and metallic tastes are associated with which antibiotic

A

Metronidazole

21
Q

Infant developmental milestones 0-3 months

A

No head control
grasp reflex developing
rooting reflex developing

22
Q

Infant developmental milestones at 2-3 months

A

Head control gets better, raise head when prone
kicks both legs

23
Q

Infant developmental milestones 4-5 months

A

No head lag
role from front to back
grabs objects voluntarily
diminishing of morro reflex
mimic sounds

24
Q

Infant developmental milestones 6-9 months

A

Birth weight doubles at 6 months
sit up unsupported
pull self up
hold big bottle
transfer objects from one hand to other
basic words- need to be babbling by 9 months
identify faces and strangers
separations anxiety begins at 6 months

25
Q

Infant developmental milestones 10-12 months

A

prone to sitting
10-pincer grasp, can pick up small foods
11- neat pincer grasp
understand simple words
purposeful play ie build sort stack

26
Q

Infant developmental milestones 12 months

A

birth weight triples
sit down from standing position
walk 1 step while holding hand
crawl up stairs
try to build 2 block tower unsuccessfully
attempt to turn book pages
follow short commands

27
Q

Infant developmental milestones 18 months

A

walk up and down stairs while holding a hand
throw a ball
jump in place with both feet
able to hold cup and spoon
scribble with crayons
build tower of 4 blocks
10 word vocab

28
Q

Infant developmental milestones 2 years

A

Walk without help
run and kick a ball
walk up and down stairs independently
2-3 word sentences
build tower of 7 blocks
draw vertical lines
turn pages 1 page at a time
say own name
300+ words

29
Q

Infant developmental milestones 3 year olds

A

draw circles
spoon feeds self
rides tricycle
3-4 word sentences
follow complex instructions
associative play
catch a ball 50% of time
4 sided shapes

30
Q

Dopamine effects

A

Used to treat cardiogenic shock, activate alpha 1 receptors to increase BP (think anaconda like constriction)
-activate Beta 1 receptors to increase contractility, deep contraction

31
Q

DIC

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Stage 1: Creates a host of clots, or thrombi, which block small blood vessels and causes many organs to infarct due to poor oxygenation
Stave 2: Body runs out of clotting factors
Bleeding begins to occur everywhere, all over body, under skin, nose and mouth, and organs. Complications can include organ failure

32
Q

Characteristics of cystic fibrosis

A

Mucus in lungs and digestive system.
Poor weight gain and failure to thrive
weight loss and lack of appetite
recurrent lung infections
blood tinged sputum
constipation and loose fatty stools (steatorrhea)

Nursing considerations
-High calorie meals
-increase fluid intake
-encourage exercise
-postural drainage

33
Q

Most common medication for cystic firbosis

A

Acetylcysteine- helps loosen and thin mucus secretions. Protects the kidney’s, antidote to Tylenol.
Rotten egg smell- normal side effect

34
Q

Cardiac Tamponade
S/Sx

A

Sac around the heart fills with fluid, which put pressure on the heart and decreases cardiac output

S/Sx: Low O2, tachycardia, weak or thready pulse, restlessness, narrowing pulse pressures, uneven low QRS complexes

35
Q

Causes of Cardiac Tamponade and Treatments

A

-penetrating Trauma
-Blunt force Trama
-Cardiac Surgery
-heart attack

Tx:
-pericardiocentesis
Nursing considerations
-keep pt on cardiac monitor
-expect catheter to be left in place to drain fluid
-periodically assess device for kinks

36
Q

What is Bec’s triad?

A

symptoms of cardiac tamponade:
- big JVD
-Extremely low BP
-Can’t hear heart sounds (muffled from fluid)

37
Q

What is metabolic syndrome?

A

Metabolic syndrome is a chronic condition that occurs when someone has at least three of the following risk factors:
Waist circumference: A waistline of at least 35 in (89 cm) for women and 40 in (102 cm) for men
Triglyceride levels: 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or higher
HDL cholesterol levels: Less than 40 mg/dL (1.04 mmol/L) for men and less than 50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) for women
Blood pressure: 130/85 mm Hg or higher
Fasting blood sugar: 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or higher

38
Q

Atelectasis

A

Part or all of a lunch collapses due to pressure, blockage, or anesthesia, among other causes

39
Q

Pregnancy risk complications due to iron deficiency anemia

A

Low birth weight
preterm delivery
perinatal mortality

40
Q

What is the medication Acamprosate used for?

A

Used to support alcohol abstinence in individuals who have recently stopped drinking

Nursing (10 decks)

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