NCEIV44 0-0814

Question 1

Lesson 44

Answer 1

Lesson 44 Patterns of culture

Question 2

Custom has not

Answer 2

Custom has not commonly been regarded as a subject of great moment.

Question 3

The inner worki

Answer 3

The inner workings of our won brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace.

Question 4

As a matter of

Answer 4

As a matter of fact, it is the other way around.

Question 5

Traditional cus

Answer 5

Traditional custom, taken the world over, is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions, no matter how aberrant.

Question 6

Yet that is a r

Answer 6

Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter.

Question 7

The fact of fir

Answer 7

The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and in belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.

Question 8

No man ever loo

Answer 8

No man ever looks at the world with pristine eyes.

Question 9

He sees it edit

Answer 9

He sees it edited by a definite set of customs and institutions and ways of thinking.

Question 10

Even in his phi

Answer 10

Even in his philosophical probing he cannot go behind these stereotypes; his very concepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his particular traditional customs.

Question 11

John Dewey has

Answer 11

John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual, as against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the vernacular of his family.

Question 12

When one seriou

Answer 12

When one seriously studies the social orders that have had the opportunity to develop autonomously, the figure becomes no more than an exact and matter-of-fact observation.

Question 13

The life histor

Answer 13

The life history handed down in his community.

Question 14

From the moment

Answer 14

From the moment of his birth, the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behavior.

Question 15

By the time he

Answer 15

By the time he can talk, he is the little creature of his culture, and by the time he is grown and able to take part in its activities, its habits are his habits, its beliefs his beliefs, its impossibilities his impossibilities.

Question 16

Every child tha

Answer 16

Every child that is born into his group will share them with him, and no child born into one on the opposite side of the globe can ever achieve the thousandth part.

Question 17

There is no soc

Answer 17

There is no social problem it is more incumbent upon us to understand than this of the role of custom.

Question 18

Until we are in

Answer 18

Until we are intelligent as to its laws and varieties, the main complicating facts of human life must remain unintelligible.

Question 19

The study of cu

Answer 19

The study of custom can be profitable only after certain preliminary propositions have been accepted, and some of these propositions have been violently opposed.

Question 20

In the first pl

Answer 20

In the first place, any scientific study requires that there be no preferential weighting of one or another of the items in the series it selects for its consideration.

Question 21

In all the less

Answer 21

In all the less controversial fields, like the study of cacti or termites or the mature of nebulae, the necessary method of study is to group the relevant material and to take note of all possible variant forms and conditions.

Question 22

In this way, we

Answer 22

In this way, we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy, or of the habits of the social insects, let us say.

Question 23

It is only in t

Answer 23

It is only in the relevant material and to take note of all possible variant forms and conditions.

Question 24

In this way, we

Answer 24

In this way, we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy, or of the habits of the social insects, let us say.

Question 25

It is only in t

Answer 25

It is only in the study of man himself that the major social sciences have substituted the study of one local variation, that of Western civilization.

Question 26

Anthropology wa

Answer 26

Anthropology was by definition impossible, as long as these distinctions between ourselves and the primitive, ourselves and the barbarian, ourselves and the pagan, held sway over people’s minds.

Question 27

It was necessar

Answer 27

It was necessary first to arrive at that degree of sophistication where we no longer set our own belief against our neighbour’s superstition.

Question 28

It was necessar

Answer 28

It was necessary to recognize that these institutions which are based on the same premises, let us say the supernatural, must be considered together, our own among the rest.