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UNAIR - NBR 2nd Edition 2005 > NBR 2 - Neuroanatomy No 55-250 > Flashcards

NBR 2 - Neuroanatomy No 55-250 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Uncrossed fibers of the optic tract terminate on which layers of the lateral geniculate?
    A. 1.3, and 5
    B. 1,4, and 6
    C. 2,3, and 5
    D. 2,4,and 6
    E. 2, 5,and 6
A

Jawab : C

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2
Q
  1. Substances can cross the blood-brain barrier via
    I. active transport
    II. carrier-mediated transport
    III. diffusion
    IV. vesicular transport
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
A

Jawab : A

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3
Q

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

  1. connects septal nuclei to the amygdala
A

Jawab : B

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4
Q

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

  1. connects Wernicke’s area to Broca’s area
A

Jawab : A

posterior section of the corpus callosum connecting the temporal and occipital

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5
Q

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

  1. connects temporal and occipital lobes
A

Jawab : C

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6
Q

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

  1. connects the temporal lobe to the frontal lobe
A

Jawab : D

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7
Q

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

  1. located in the supraoptic region
A

Jawab : C

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8
Q

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

  1. located in the tuberal region
A

Jawab : D

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9
Q

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

  1. consists of several distinct cell groups
A

Jawab : A

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10
Q

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

  1. composed mainly of uniformly large cells
A

Jawab : B

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11
Q

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

  1. Immunohistocytochemically large cells in this nucleus contain either vasopressin or oxytocin.
A

Jawab : C

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12
Q

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

  1. Regions of this nucleus give rise to descending axons projecting to the brainstem and all levels ofthe spinal cord.
A

Jawab : A

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13
Q
  1. Each of the following is true of corticobulbar fibers except
    A. Fibers projecting to the posterior column nuclei leave the pyramids and enter these nuclei via the medial lemniscus or reticular formation.
    B. Fibers projecting to trigeminal sensory nuclei and the nucleus solitarius are derived predominantly from frontoparietal cortical areas.
    C. Pseudobulbar palsy can result from unilateral lesions involving corticobulbar fibers.
    D. The supranuclear innervation of motor cranial nerve nuclei is largely bilateral.
    E. Unilateral lesions involving corticobulbar fibers produce paralysis of contralateral lower facial muscles only.
A

Jawab : C

Carp pp. 144-146. Pseudobulbar palsy (characterized by weakness of the muscles involved in chewing, swallowing, breathing, and speaking, with loss
of emotional control) results from bilateral lesions of the corticobulbar fibers.

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14
Q
  1. The palmar interosseus muscles
    A. abduct the fingers
    B. adduct the fingers
    C. extend the metacarpophalangeal joints and flex the interphalangeal joints
    D. flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints
    E. perform none of the above
A

Jawab : B

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15
Q
  1. The sciatic’\terve supplies each of the following muscles in part or in whole except the
    A. adductor magnus
    B. biceps femoris (short head)
    C. gluteus maximus
    D. semimembranous
    E. semitendinous
A

Jawab : C

AEPNS p. 39. The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve. A portion of the adductor magnus is also innervated by the obturator nerve

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16
Q
  1. The syndrome of posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA) occlusion consists of each of the following except
    A. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the body
    B. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the face
    C. ipsilateral paralysis of the pharynx and larynx
    D. ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome
    E. persistent hiccup
A

Jawab : B

Carp pp. 148,453. Ipsilateral, not contralateral, loss of pain and temperature in the face occurs in the syndrome of posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
occlusion.

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17
Q

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

  1. location of the corticobulbar fibers
A

Jawab : B

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18
Q

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

  1. location of corticospinal fibers
A

Jawab : C

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19
Q

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

  1. location of anterior thalamic radiation
A

Jawab : A

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20
Q

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

  1. location of superior thalamic radiation
A

Jawab : C

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21
Q

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

  1. location of frontopontine fibers
A

Jawab : A

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22
Q

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

  1. location of corticofugal fibers
A

Jawab : C

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23
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. auditory system
A

Jawab : G

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24
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. vestibular system
A

Jawab : E

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25
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. parotid gland
A

Jawab : D

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26
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. parasympathetic to eye
A

Jawab : A

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27
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. majority of facial sensation
A

Jawab : B

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28
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. taste
A

Jawab : C

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29
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. lacrimation
A

Jawab : F

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30
Q

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

  1. salivation (nonparotid)
A

Jawab : H

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31
Q
  1. Each of the following characterizes a pathway involved in the pupillary light reflex except
    A. Crossed and uncrossed fibers of the optic tract terminate on the lateral geniculate body.
    B. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus cross in the posterior commissure and end in visceral cell columns of the oculomotor nerve complex.
    C. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus cross ventral to the cerebral aqueduct and end in the visceral cell columns of the oculomotor complex.
    D. Postganglionic fibers from the ciliary ganglion project to the sphincter of the iris.
    E. Preganglionic fibers from the nuclei of the oculomotor complex travel with fibers ofthe third nerve and synapse in the ciliary ganglion.
A

Jawab : A

Carp pp. 207-208. The lateral geniculate body is not involved in the pupillary light reflex

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32
Q
  1. The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle can be found
    I. in the caudal aspect of the roof (inferior medullary velum)
    II. in the cranial aspect of the roof (superior medullary velum)
    III. in the lateral recess (ofLuschka)
    IV. on the floor
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all ofthe above
A

Jawab : B

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33
Q
  1. The median nerve innervates each of the following muscles except the
    A. adductor pollicis
    B. flexor carpi radialis
    C. opponens pollicis
    D. palmaris longus
    E. pronator teres
A

Jawab : A

The adductor pollicis is innervated by the ulnar nerve.

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34
Q
  1. Afferent sources of fiber pathways to the septal nuclei include the
    I. amygdala
    II. hypothalamus
    III. hippocampus
    IV. basal ganglia
    A. I, II, III •
    B. I, III
    C. II,IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
A

Jawab : A

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35
Q
  1. The anterior choroidal artery supplies parts of the
    I. caudate nucleus
    II. optic tract
    III. thalamus
    IV. anterior limb of the internal capsule
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all ofthe above
A

Jawab : A

The anterior choroidal artery supplies ventrolateral parts
of the posterior limb of the internal capsule and the retrolenticular internal capsule. The anterior limb of the internal capsule is supplied by the lateral striate branches of the middle cerebral artery and the medial striate artery.

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36
Q
  1. A lesion affecting the left optic tract will be manifested by a deficit in the
    A. nasal half of the visual field of both eyes
    B. nasal half of the right visual field and temporal half of the left visual field
    C. no deficit unless the right optic tract was also affected
    D. temporal half of the visual field of both eyes
    E. temporal half of the right visual field and nasal half of the left visual field
A

Jawab : E

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37
Q
  1. Which of the following is not an afferent connection of the basal ganglia?
    A. cerebral cortex to globus pallidus
    B. cerebral cortex to putamen
    C. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus
    D. subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidus
    E. thalamus to caudate nucleus
A

Jawab : A

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38
Q
  1. Most of the fibers of the stria terminalis originate from the
    A. amygdala
    B. anterior hypothalamus
    C. arcuate nucleus
    D. habenula
    E. septal nuclei
A

Jawab : A

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39
Q

For questions 94 to 96, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. trapezoid body
B. Probst’s commissure
C. inferior collicular commissure

  1. connects inferior colliculi
A

Jawab : C

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40
Q

For questions 94 to 96, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. trapezoid body
B. Probst’s commissure
C. inferior collicular commissure

  1. connects nuclei oflaterallemniscus
A

Jawab : B

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41
Q

For questions 94 to 96, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. trapezoid body
B. Probst’s commissure
C. inferior collicular commissure

  1. connects ventral cochlear nucleus to superior olive
A

Jawab : A

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42
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. Bilateral lesions here produce hyperphagia.
A

Jawab : D

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43
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. Bilateral lesions here produce poikilothermia.
A

Jawab : C

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44
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. Tumors in this region can result in hyperthermia.
A

Jawab : A

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45
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. Together with the lateral region, this area controls sympathetic responses.
A

Jawab : C

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46
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. Lesions here produce emotional lethargy and sleepiness.
A

Jawab : C

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47
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. the feeding center
A

Jawab : B

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48
Q

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior hypothalamus
B. lateral hypothalamus
C. posterior hypothalamus
D. ventromedial hypothalamus

  1. Together with the medial region, this area controls parasympathetic responses
A

Jawab : A

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49
Q

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. nodose ganglion
B. jugular ganglion
C. petrosal ganglion
D. superior ganglion of CN IX

  1. ear sensation to CN IX
A

Jawab : D

The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other
visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

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50
Q

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. nodose ganglion
B. jugular ganglion
C. petrosal ganglion
D. superior ganglion of CN IX

  1. ear sensation to CN X
A

Jawab : B

The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other
visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

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51
Q

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. nodose ganglion
B. jugular ganglion
C. petrosal ganglion
D. superior ganglion of CN IX

  1. carotid sinus and body input
A

Jawab : C

The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other
visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

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52
Q

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. nodose ganglion
B. jugular ganglion
C. petrosal ganglion
D. superior ganglion of CN IX

  1. visceral input to CN X
A

Jawab : A

The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other
visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

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53
Q
  1. The telencephalon gives rise to each of the following except the
    A. amygdala
    B. caudate
    C. claustrum
    D. globus pallid us
    E. putamen
A

Jawab : D

The globus pallidus is derived from the diencephalon

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54
Q
  1. Weakness if the coracobrachialis muscle results from impairment of the
    A. axillary nerve
    B. dorsal scapular nerve
    C. median nerve
    D. musculocutaneous nerve
    E. suprascapular nerve
A

Jawab : D

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55
Q
  1. Cells that give rise to commissural fibers that interconnect homologous cortical areas via the corpus callosum are found in layer
    A. I
    B. II
    C. III
    D. IV
    E. V
A

Jawab : C

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56
Q
  1. Neural crest derivatives include all of the following except the
    A. adrenal medulla
    B. dorsal root ganglion of cranial and spinal nerves
    C. neurons of the cerebral cortex
    D. pigmented layers of the retina
    E. sympathetic ganglia of the autonomic nervous system
A

Jawab : C

Cortical neurons are derived from neuroectoderm
that forms from the neural tube.

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57
Q
  1. Which of the following progressions from primary vesicle to secondary vesicle to adult derivative is correct?
    A. mesencephalon to rhomboencephalon to medulla
    B. prosencephalon to diencephalon to midbrain
    C. prosencephalon to telencephalon to thalami
    D. rhomboencephalon to metencephalon to cerebellum
    E. rhomboencephalon to myelencephalon to pons
A

Jawab : D

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58
Q
  1. Major striatal efferent projections include
    A. amygdala and globus pallid us
    B. globus pallidus and substantia nigra
    C. substantia nigra and amygdala
    D. substantia nigra and thalamus
    E. thalamus and globus pallidus
A

Jawab : B

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59
Q
  1. Fibers from the nucleus ambiguus make contribution to
    I. cranial nerve IX
    II. cranial nerve XI
    III. cranial nerve X
    IV. cranial nerve VII
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
A

Jawab : A

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60
Q
  1. Functional components of the facial and intermediate nerves include
    I. general somatic afferent fibers
    II. general visceral afferent fibers
    III. special visceral afferent fibers
    IV. special visceral efferent fibers
    A. I, II,IIl
    B. I,IIl
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
A

Jawab : E

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61
Q
  1. The infundibular recess of the third ventricle is located
    A. dorsal to the mammillary bodies
    B. dorsal to the habenula
    C. lateral to the infundibulum
    D. ventral to the infundibulum
    E. ventral to the mammillary bodies
A

Jawab : E

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62
Q
  1. Lesions of the lateral lemniscus produce
    A. bilateral complete deafness
    B. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the contralateral ear
    C. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the ipsilateral ear
    D. unilateral. contralateral deafness
    E. unilateral, ipsilateral deafness
A

Jawab : B

Fibers in the lateral lemniscus are both crossed and uncrossed.

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63
Q
  1. The superior orbital fissure is traversed by which combination of cranial nerves?
    A. Ill, IV, and VI only
    B. Ill, IV, VI, and V1 only
    C. Ill, IV, VI, V1, and V2 only
    D. I1,Ill, IV, VI, V1, and V2 only
    E. I1,Ill, IV, VI, and V1 only
A
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64
Q

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior orbital fissure
B. foramen magnum
C. foramen ovale
D. superior orbital fissure
E. none Qf the above

  1. nasociliary nerve
A

Jawab :

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65
Q

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior orbital fissure
B. foramen magnum
C. foramen ovale
D. superior orbital fissure
E. none Qf the above

  1. lacrimal nerve
A

Jawab :

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66
Q

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior orbital fissure
B. foramen magnum
C. foramen ovale
D. superior orbital fissure
E. none Qf the above

  1. maxillary nerve
A

Jawab :

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67
Q

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior orbital fissure
B. foramen magnum
C. foramen ovale
D. superior orbital fissure
E. none Qf the above

  1. mandibular nerve
A

Jawab :

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68
Q

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior orbital fissure
B. foramen magnum
C. foramen ovale
D. superior orbital fissure
E. none Qf the above

  1. spinal accessory nerve
A

Jawab :

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69
Q

For questions 124 to 126, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. pudendal nerve
B. splanchnic nerve
C. nervi erigentes

  1. parasympathetic
A

Jawab :

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70
Q

For questions 124 to 126, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. pudendal nerve
B. splanchnic nerve
C. nervi erigentes

  1. sympathetic
A

Jawab :

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71
Q

For questions 124 to 126, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. pudendal nerve
B. splanchnic nerve
C. nervi erigentes

  1. somatic
A

Jawab :

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72
Q

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. cochlear nucleus
B. inferior colliculus
C. lateral lemniscus
D. medial geniculate
E. superior olivary nucleus

  1. Fibers arising here are grouped into three acoustic striae.
A

Jawab :

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73
Q

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. cochlear nucleus
B. inferior colliculus
C. lateral lemniscus
D. medial geniculate
E. superior olivary nucleus

  1. the most proximal source of tertiary auditory fibers
A

jawab :

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74
Q

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. cochlear nucleus
B. inferior colliculus
C. lateral lemniscus
D. medial geniculate
E. superior olivary nucleus

  1. projects fibers into the lateral lemniscus
A

Jawab :

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75
Q

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. cochlear nucleus
B. inferior colliculus
C. lateral lemniscus
D. medial geniculate
E. superior olivary nucleus

  1. Fibers from this structure project bilaterally to stapedius motor neurons.
A

jawab :

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76
Q
  1. The fibers of the stria medullaris of the thalamus arise in the
    I. anterior thalamic nuclei
    II. lateral preoptic region
    Ill. septal nuclei
    IV. lateral habenular nucleus
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
A

jawab :

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77
Q
  1. Each of the following is true of striatal afferents except
    A. Cells in the centromedian nucleus project to the caudate.
    B. Corticostriate projections use glutamate as their transmitter.
    C. Nigrostriatal fibers arise from cells in the pars compacta.
    D. Serotonergic projections arise from the dorsal nucleus of the raphe.
    E. Thalamostriate fibers arise largely from cells in the centromedianparafascicular nucleus
A

Jawab : A

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78
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. consists of a pars oralis, pars interpolaris, and pars caudalis
A

Jawab :

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79
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Lesions in this structure can result in a loss of pain and temperature sense.
80
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Afferent fibers of this nucleus convey pressure and kinesthetic sense.
81
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Second-order neurons of the ventral trigeminothalamic tract are found in the principal sensory nucleus and here
82
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Second-order neurons of the dorsal trigeminothalamic tract are found here.
83
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. This nucleus and the motor nucleus are involved in the jaw jerk.
84
Q

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Cells here have large receptive fields and respond to a wide range of pressure stimuli
85
Q
  1. Which is true of dentate nucleus projections?
    A. They indirectly project to the ipsilateral cerebellar cortex.
    B. They indirectly project to the ipsilateral primary motor cortex.
    C. They leave the cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle.
    D. They project somatotopically on the ventral anterior thalamic nucleus.
    E. They project to the ipsilateral red nucleus.
86
Q

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. superior gluteal nerve
B. inferior gluteal nerve
C. sciatic .llerve
D. femoral nerve

  1. adductor magnus
87
Q

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. superior gluteal nerve
B. inferior gluteal nerve
C. sciatic .llerve
D. femoral nerve

  1. sartorius
88
Q

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. superior gluteal nerve
B. inferior gluteal nerve
C. sciatic .llerve
D. femoral nerve

  1. tensor fascia lata
89
Q

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. superior gluteal nerve
B. inferior gluteal nerve
C. sciatic .llerve
D. femoral nerve

  1. gluteus maximus
90
Q

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. lateral cord
B. medial cord
C. posterior cord
D. radial nerve
E. ulnar nerve

  1. The nerve that supplies the teres major originates here.
91
Q

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. lateral cord
B. medial cord
C. posterior cord
D. radial nerve
E. ulnar nerve

  1. The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm originates here.
92
Q

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. lateral cord
B. medial cord
C. posterior cord
D. radial nerve
E. ulnar nerve

  1. The axillary nerve is a branch of this structure.
93
Q

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. lateral cord
B. medial cord
C. posterior cord
D. radial nerve
E. ulnar nerve

  1. The musculocutaneous nerve is a branch of this structure.
94
Q

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. lateral cord
B. medial cord
C. posterior cord
D. radial nerve
E. ulnar nerve

  1. The middle and lower trunks both contribute to this structure.
95
Q
  1. Each of the following is true of fiber tracts leaving the cerebellum and terminating in the thalamus except
    A. Fibers terminate on the ventral lateral and ventral posterolateral thalamic nuclei.
    B. In the thalamus, the extremities are represented dorsally and the back ventrally.
    C. In the thalamus, the head is represented medially and the caudal thorax laterally.
    D. Some fibers project to the rostral interlaminar nuclei.
    E. These fibers originate from both the dentate and the interposed nuclei.
96
Q
  1. All of the following subcortical nuclei are considered part of the limbic system except the
    A. amygdala
    B. centromedian nucleus of the thalamus
    C. epithalamus
    D. hypothalamus
    E. septal nuclei
97
Q
  1. Central nervous system melanocytes are concentrated in the
    A. choroid plexus
    B. red nuclei
    C. region of the amygdala
    D. septum pellucidum
    E. ventral medulla
98
Q
  1. A lesion in the medial lemniscus produces
    A. contralateral loss of pain and temperature
    B. contralateral loss of position and vibration
    C. ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature
    D. ipsilateral loss of position and vibration
    E. loss of pain and temperature bilaterally
99
Q
  1. Each of the following is considered a part of the diencephalon except the
    A. fornix
    B. hypothalamus
    C. mammillary bodies
    D. pineal gland
    E. stria medullaris thalami
100
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. inferior orbital fissure
101
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. superior orbital fissure
102
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. foramen spinosum
103
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. foramen rotundum
104
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. foramen ovale
105
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. Dorello’s canal
106
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. incisive foramen
107
Q

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. maxillary branch of CN V
B. nasopalatine nerve
C. mandibular branch of CN V
D. abducens nerve
E. mental nerve
F. middle meningeal artery

  1. mental foramen
108
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. the largest ofthe vestibular nuclei
109
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. Cells of the superior vestibular ganglion, which innervate the utricular macule, project to this nucleus.
110
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. Cells of the inferior vestibular ganglion, which innervate the posterior part of the saccular macule, project to this nucleus.
111
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. gives rise to the vestibulospinal tract
112
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. Ascending fibers from this nucleus are predominantly crossed and project bilaterally to the extraocular nerve nuclei.
113
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. gives rise to the uncrossed ascending fibers in the medial longitudinal fasciculus projecting to the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei
114
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. Cells of this nucleus lie among fibers of the vestibular root
115
Q

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. inferior vestibular nucleus
B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve
C. lateral vestibular nucleus
D. medial vestibular nucleus
E. superior vestibular nucleus

  1. Secondary vestibulocerebellar projections arise from the caudal aspect of the inferior vestibular nucleus and this nucleus.
116
Q

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. the most rostral of the nuclei
117
Q

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. extends the most caudally
118
Q

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Afferent fibers of this nucleus convey pressure and kinesthetic sense from the teeth.
119
Q

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Central processes from the trigeminal ganglion cells ascend to this nucleus.
120
Q

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. mesencephalic nucleus
B. motor nucleus
C. principal sensory nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
E. trigeminal ganglion

  1. Central processes from the trigeminal ganglion cells descend to this nucleus.
121
Q
  1. The solitary tract is formed from fibers of cranial nerve( s)
    I. IX
    II. X
    III. VII
    IV. XII
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
122
Q
  1. A femoral nerve injury results in weakness of
    A. hip extension
    B. hip flexion
    C. knee flexion
    D. thigh abduction
    E. thigh adduction
123
Q
  1. The pars tuberalis is a part of the
    A. anterior lobe of the pituitary
    B. diaphragma sellae
    C. intermediate lobe of the pituitary
    D. pituitary stalk
    E. posterior lobe of the pituitary
124
Q
  1. The dentate nuclei project to each of the following, directly or indirectly, except the
    A. cerebellar cortex
    B. inferior olive
    C. red nucleus
    D. reticulotegmental nucleus
    E. subthalamic nucleus
125
Q
  1. Fibers in the superior cerebellar peduncle synapse in which of the following thalamic nuclei?
    I. ventral anterior
    II. ventral lateral
    III. rostral interlaminar nuclei
    IV. ventral posterolateral
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
126
Q
  1. The limbic lobe is composed of all the following except the
    A. amygdala
    B. cingulate gyrus
    C. dentate gyrus
    D. parahippotampal gyrus
    E. subcallosal gyrus
A

Jawab : A

The amygdala is part of the limbic system (limbic lobe plus associated subcortical nuclei). The hippocampal formation is also part of the limbic lobe.

127
Q
  1. The most significant contribution to the nasal septum is made by the
    A. ethmoid and frontal bones
    B. ethmoid and sphenoid bones
    C. ethmoid and vomer bones
    D. frontal and vomer bones
    E. sphenoid and vomer bones
128
Q
  1. The posterior interosseus nerve innervates the
    A. abductor pollicis brevis
    B. abductor pollicis longus
    C. adductor pollicis
    D. flexor pollicis longus
    E. opponens pollicis
A

Jawab : B

The median nerve innervates the opponens pollicis and
abductor pollicis brevis. The anterior interosseous nerve innervates the flexor pollicis longus, and the ulnar nerve innervates the adductor pollicis.

129
Q
  1. The internal cerebral vein receives each of the following veins except the
    A. choroidal vein
    B. epithalamic vein
    C. great cerebral vein of Galen
    D. septal vein
    E. thalamostriate vein
A

Jawab : C

The vein of Galen receives the paired internal cerebral veins, not vice versa.

130
Q
  1. The striate cortex corresponds to area
    A. 17
    B. 18
    C. 19
    D. 41
    E. 42
131
Q
  1. The internal capsule is supplied by branches of the
    I. middle cerebral artery
    II. anterior cerebral artery
    III. internal carotid artery
    IV. posterior cerebral artery
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II,IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above
A

Jawab : A

The anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule are supplied by the lateral striates (from the middle cerebral artery). The medial striate artery of Heubner (from the anterior cerebral artery) supplies the
rostromedial parts of the anterior limb. Direct branches from the internal carotid artery supply the genu, and the retrolenticular part and ventral portions of the posterior limb are supplied by the anterior choroidal artery.

132
Q

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior commissure
B. arcuate fasciculus
C. cingulate fasciculus
D. corpus callosum
E. uncinate fasciculus

  1. Connects the orbital frontal gyri with anterior parts of the temporal lobe
133
Q

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior commissure
B. arcuate fasciculus
C. cingulate fasciculus
D. corpus callosum
E. uncinate fasciculus

  1. connects the medial frontal and parietal lobes with the parahippocampal region
134
Q

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior commissure
B. arcuate fasciculus
C. cingulate fasciculus
D. corpus callosum
E. uncinate fasciculus

  1. connects the superior and middle frontal gyri to the temporal lobe
135
Q

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior commissure
B. arcuate fasciculus
C. cingulate fasciculus
D. corpus callosum
E. uncinate fasciculus

  1. The tapetum is derived from these fibers
136
Q

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior commissure
B. arcuate fasciculus
C. cingulate fasciculus
D. corpus callosum
E. uncinate fasciculus

  1. interconnects regions of the middle and inferior temporal gyri between hemispheres
137
Q

For questions 192 to 194, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. restiform body
B. juxtarestiform body
C. brachium conjunctivum
D. brachium pontis

  1. superior cerebellar peduncle
138
Q

For questions 192 to 194, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. restiform body
B. juxtarestiform body
C. brachium conjunctivum
D. brachium pontis

  1. middle cerebellar peduncle
139
Q

For questions 192 to 194, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. restiform body
B. juxtarestiform body
C. brachium conjunctivum
D. brachium pontis

  1. portion of the inferior cerebellar peduncle containing only afferent fibers from the inferior olive and pons
140
Q
  1. A discrete unilateral lesion of the abducens nucleus produces paralysis of movement of
    A. both eyes away from the lesion
    B. both eyes toward the lesion
    C. the contralateral eye toward the lesion
    D. the ipsilateral eye away from the lesion
    E. the ipsilateral eye toward the lesion
A

Jawab : B

A unilateral lesion of the abducens nucleus produces a lateral gaze paralysis. It is the only cranial nerve in which lesions of the root fibers and nucleus do not produce the same effects.

141
Q
  1. Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers destined for the lacrimal gland are derived from the
    A. geniculate ganglion
    B. otic ganglion
    C. pterygopalatine ganglion
    D. sublingual ganglion
    E. submandibular ganglion
142
Q
  1. Fibers originating in the substantia nigra synapse on each of the following structures except the
    A. caudate
    B. globus pallid us
    C. putamen
    D. superior colliculus
    E. thalamus
A

Jawab : B

Fibers from the substantia nigra pars compacta
1 traverse parts of the globus pallidus en route to the caudate and putamen. They do not, however, synapse in the globus pallidus.

143
Q
  1. The blood-brain barrier is formed by (the)
    A. astrocytic foot processes
    B. basement membrane
    C. ependymal lining cells
    D. microglia,
    E. tight junctions of the capillary endothelium
144
Q
  1. Which of the following ligaments is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?
    A. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
    B. apical ligament
    C. cruciate ligament
    D. tectorial ligament
    E. transverse ligament
145
Q

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. 3%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 90%

  1. Betz cells account for this proportion of the corticospinal fibers.
146
Q

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. 3%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 90%

  1. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers arising from area 4
147
Q

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. 3%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 90%

  1. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers arising from area 6
148
Q

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. 3%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 90%

  1. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers arising from the parietal lobe
149
Q

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. 3%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 90%

  1. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers that are poorly myelinated
150
Q
  1. The facial nerve innervates all of the following muscles except the
    A. anterior belly of the digastric
    B. buccinator
    C. platysma
    D. stapedius
    E. stylohyoid
A

Jawab : A

The posterior belly of the digastric muscle is supplied by the facial nerve, and the anterior belly is supplied by the trigeminal nerve

151
Q
  1. The nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disk is formed from the
    A. chondrification of the centrum of the vertebral body
    B. myotome
    C. notochord
    D. primitive streak
    E. sclerotome
152
Q
  1. The primary olfactory cortex is located in the
    A. anterior perforated substance
    B. entorhinal cortex
    C. mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus
    D. orbitofrontal cortex
    E. pyriform cortex
A

Jawab : E

The pyriform cortex (lateral olfactory gyms) and
periamygdaloid area constitute the primary olfactory cortex, and the entorhinal cortex constitutes the secondary olfactory cortical area.

153
Q
  1. Each of the following cell groups is derived from the alar plate except the
    A. nucleus ambiguus
    B. principal sensory nucleus of eN v
    C. solitary nucleus
    D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
    E. vestibular nucleus
A

Jawab : A

The nucleus ambiguus is derived from the basal plate.

154
Q
  1. A unilateral lesion of the trochlear nerve produces maximal diplopia on
    A. downgaze to the opposite side
    B. downgaze to the same side
    C. upgaze to the opposite side
    D. upgaze to the same side
    E. lateral gaze to the opposite side
155
Q

For questions 210 and 211, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. superior olive
B. inferior olivary complex
C. both
D. neither

  1. part of the auditory system
156
Q

For questions 210 and 211, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. superior olive
B. inferior olivary complex
C. both
D. neither

  1. part of the cerebellar system
157
Q

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description.
A. superior saliva tory nucleus
B. inferior saliva tory nucleus
C. both
D. neither.

  1. General visceral efferent fibers arise here.
158
Q

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description.
A. superior saliva tory nucleus
B. inferior saliva tory nucleus
C. both
D. neither.

  1. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from this nucleus travel with the intermediate nerve
159
Q

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description.
A. superior saliva tory nucleus
B. inferior saliva tory nucleus
C. both
D. neither.

  1. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from this nucleus travel with the lesser petrosal nerve
160
Q

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description.
A. superior saliva tory nucleus
B. inferior saliva tory nucleus
C. both
D. neither.

  1. located in the reticular formation
161
Q

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description.
A. superior saliva tory nucleus
B. inferior saliva tory nucleus
C. both
D. neither.

  1. Fibers originating here eventually divide into two groups that pass to the pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia, respectively.
162
Q

For questions 217 and 218, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. parasympathetic
B. sympathetic
C. both

  1. short ciliary nerves
A

Jawab : C

The short ciliary nerves are mainly composed of parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion to the eye, but some sympathetic fibers are also present.

163
Q

For questions 217 and 218, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. parasympathetic
B. sympathetic
C. both

  1. long ciliary nerves
A

Jawab : B

The short ciliary nerves are mainly composed of parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion to the eye, but some sympathetic fibers are also present.

164
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. arises from the dorsal nucleus of Clarke
165
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. the upper limb equivalent of the dorsal spinocerebellar tract
166
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. transmits light touch
167
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. crossed; cells of origin receive input from group Ib afferents
168
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. crossed within one or two spinal segments; cells in laminae I, IV, and V give rise to most of the axons in this tract
169
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. enters the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle
170
Q

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior spinothalamic tract
B. cuneocerebellar tract
C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract
D. lateral spinothalamic tract
E. ventral spinocerebellar tract

  1. First-order neurons are found from L1 to S2.
171
Q

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. corticospinal tract
B. reticulospinal tract
C. rubrospinal tract
D. tectospinal tract
E. vestibulospinal tract

  1. The majority of fibers descend only to cervical levels.
172
Q

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. corticospinal tract
B. reticulospinal tract
C. rubrospinal tract
D. tectospinal tract
E. vestibulospinal tract

  1. Cells of origin reside in the pontine tegmentum and medulla.
173
Q

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. corticospinal tract
B. reticulospinal tract
C. rubrospinal tract
D. tectospinal tract
E. vestibulospinal tract

  1. divides into three tracts at the spino medullary junction
174
Q

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. corticospinal tract
B. reticulospinal tract
C. rubrospinal tract
D. tectospinal tract
E. vestibulospinal tract

  1. associated with the control of tone in flexor muscle groups
175
Q

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. corticospinal tract
B. reticulospinal tract
C. rubrospinal tract
D. tectospinal tract
E. vestibulospinal tract

  1. associated with the control of tone in extensor muscle groups
176
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. adductor brevis
177
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. biceps femoris
178
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. extensor hallucis longus
179
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. gluteus medius
180
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. gluteus maximus
181
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. gastrocnemius
182
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. iliopsoas
183
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. flexor digitorum longus
184
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. peroneus longus and brevis
185
Q

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. deep peroneal
B. femoral
C. inferior gluteal
D. obturator
E. sciatic
F. superficial peroneal
G. superior gluteal
H. Tibial

  1. quadriceps
186
Q
  1. Movement of molecules across the blood-brain barrier involves
    A. active transport requiring energy
    B. carrier-mediated transport
    C. both
    D. neither
A

Jawab : C

Molecules also move across the blood-brain barrier by diffusion. Substance that cross the blood-brain barrier by diffusion include water and alcohol. D-glucose and large neutral amino acids are transported into the
brain by carrier-mediated transport. Active transport is used to move weak organic acids, halides, and extracellular K+ from the brain and cerebrospinal
fluid into plasma.

187
Q
  1. Which of the following most closely characterizes the tuberohypophysial tract?
    A. arcuate rftIcieus to median eminence
    B. arcuate nucleus to posterior hypophysis
    C. dorsomedial nucleus to posterior hypophysis
    D. supraoptic nucleus to median eminence
    E. supraoptic nucleus to posterior hypophysis
A

Jawab : A

The tuberohypophysial or tuberoinfundibular tract arises from the tuberal region (mainly the arcuate nucleus) and can be traced to the median eminence and infundibular stem.

188
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. dens to basion
189
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. dens to lateral foramen magnum
190
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. pia to dura
191
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. continuous with posterior longitudinal ligament
192
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. continuous with anterior longitudinal ligament
193
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. between C1 lateral masses
194
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. transverse ligament to basion
195
Q

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. apical ligament
B. alar ligaments
C. dentate ligaments
D. tectorial membrane
E. superior cruciate ligaments
F. inferior cruciate ligaments
G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
H. transverse ligament

  1. transverse ligament to axis

UNAIR - NBR 2nd Edition 2005 (8 decks)

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