NBR 2 - Neuroanatomy No 55-250

Question 1

56. Uncrossed fibers of the optic tract terminate on which layers of the lateral geniculate?
    A. 1.3, and 5
    B. 1,4, and 6
    C. 2,3, and 5
    D. 2,4,and 6
    E. 2, 5,and 6

Answer 1

Jawab : C

Question 2

57. Substances can cross the blood-brain barrier via
    I. active transport
    II. carrier-mediated transport
    III. diffusion
    IV. vesicular transport
    A. I, II, III
    B. I, III
    C. II, IV
    D. IV
    E. all of the above

Answer 2

Jawab : A

Question 3

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

58. connects septal nuclei to the amygdala

Answer 3

Jawab : B

Question 4

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

59. connects Wernicke’s area to Broca’s area

Answer 4

Jawab : A

posterior section of the corpus callosum connecting the temporal and occipital

Question 5

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

60. connects temporal and occipital lobes

Answer 5

Jawab : C

Question 6

For questions 58 to 61, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. arcuate fasciculus
B. diagonal band of Broca
C. tapetum
D. uncinate fasciculus

61. connects the temporal lobe to the frontal lobe

Answer 6

Jawab : D

Question 7

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

62. located in the supraoptic region

Answer 7

Jawab : C

Question 8

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

63. located in the tuberal region

Answer 8

Jawab : D

Question 9

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

64. consists of several distinct cell groups

Answer 9

Jawab : A

Question 10

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

65. composed mainly of uniformly large cells

Answer 10

Jawab : B

Question 11

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

66. Immunohistocytochemically large cells in this nucleus contain either vasopressin or oxytocin.

Answer 11

Jawab : C

Question 12

For questions 62 to 67, match the description with the structure.
A. paraventricular nucleus
B. supraoptic nucleus
C. both
D. neither

67. Regions of this nucleus give rise to descending axons projecting to the brainstem and all levels ofthe spinal cord.

Answer 12

Jawab : A

Question 13

68. Each of the following is true of corticobulbar fibers except
    A. Fibers projecting to the posterior column nuclei leave the pyramids and enter these nuclei via the medial lemniscus or reticular formation.
    B. Fibers projecting to trigeminal sensory nuclei and the nucleus solitarius are derived predominantly from frontoparietal cortical areas.
    C. Pseudobulbar palsy can result from unilateral lesions involving corticobulbar fibers.
    D. The supranuclear innervation of motor cranial nerve nuclei is largely bilateral.
    E. Unilateral lesions involving corticobulbar fibers produce paralysis of contralateral lower facial muscles only.

Answer 13

Jawab : C

Carp pp. 144-146. Pseudobulbar palsy (characterized by weakness of the muscles involved in chewing, swallowing, breathing, and speaking, with loss
of emotional control) results from bilateral lesions of the corticobulbar fibers.

Question 14

69. The palmar interosseus muscles
    A. abduct the fingers
    B. adduct the fingers
    C. extend the metacarpophalangeal joints and flex the interphalangeal joints
    D. flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints
    E. perform none of the above

Answer 14

Jawab : B

Question 15

70. The sciatic’\terve supplies each of the following muscles in part or in whole except the
    A. adductor magnus
    B. biceps femoris (short head)
    C. gluteus maximus
    D. semimembranous
    E. semitendinous

Answer 15

Jawab : C

AEPNS p. 39. The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve. A portion of the adductor magnus is also innervated by the obturator nerve

Question 16

71. The syndrome of posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA) occlusion consists of each of the following except
    A. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the body
    B. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the face
    C. ipsilateral paralysis of the pharynx and larynx
    D. ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome
    E. persistent hiccup

Answer 16

Jawab : B

Carp pp. 148,453. Ipsilateral, not contralateral, loss of pain and temperature in the face occurs in the syndrome of posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
occlusion.

Question 17

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

72. location of the corticobulbar fibers

Answer 17

Jawab : B

Question 18

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

73. location of corticospinal fibers

Answer 18

Jawab : C

Question 19

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

74. location of anterior thalamic radiation

Answer 19

Jawab : A

Question 20

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

75. location of superior thalamic radiation

Answer 20

Jawab : C

Question 21

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

76. location of frontopontine fibers

Answer 21

Jawab : A

Question 22

For questions 72 to 77, match the region of the internal capsule with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. anterior limb of the internal capsule
B. genu of the internal capsule
C. posterior limb of the internal capsule
D. none of the above

77. location of corticofugal fibers

Answer 22

Jawab : C

Question 23

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

78. auditory system

Answer 23

Jawab : G

Question 24

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. ciliary ganglion
B. gasserian ganglion
C. geniculate ganglion
D. otic ganglion
E. Scarpa’s ganglion
F. sphenopalatine ganglion
G. spiral ganglion
H. submandibular ganglion

79. vestibular system

Answer 24

Jawab : E

Question 25

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. ciliary ganglion B. gasserian ganglion C. geniculate ganglion D. otic ganglion E. Scarpa's ganglion F. sphenopalatine ganglion G. spiral ganglion H. submandibular ganglion 80. parotid gland

Answer 25

Jawab : D

Question 26

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. ciliary ganglion B. gasserian ganglion C. geniculate ganglion D. otic ganglion E. Scarpa's ganglion F. sphenopalatine ganglion G. spiral ganglion H. submandibular ganglion 81. parasympathetic to eye

Answer 26

Jawab : A

Question 27

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. ciliary ganglion B. gasserian ganglion C. geniculate ganglion D. otic ganglion E. Scarpa's ganglion F. sphenopalatine ganglion G. spiral ganglion H. submandibular ganglion 82. majority of facial sensation

Answer 27

Jawab : B

Question 28

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. ciliary ganglion B. gasserian ganglion C. geniculate ganglion D. otic ganglion E. Scarpa's ganglion F. sphenopalatine ganglion G. spiral ganglion H. submandibular ganglion 83. taste

Answer 28

Jawab : C

Question 29

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. ciliary ganglion B. gasserian ganglion C. geniculate ganglion D. otic ganglion E. Scarpa's ganglion F. sphenopalatine ganglion G. spiral ganglion H. submandibular ganglion 84. lacrimation

Answer 29

Jawab : F

Question 30

For questions 78 to 85, match the following ganglia with the description. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. ciliary ganglion B. gasserian ganglion C. geniculate ganglion D. otic ganglion E. Scarpa's ganglion F. sphenopalatine ganglion G. spiral ganglion H. submandibular ganglion 85. salivation (nonparotid)

Answer 30

Jawab : H

Question 31

86. Each of the following characterizes a pathway involved in the pupillary light reflex except A. Crossed and uncrossed fibers of the optic tract terminate on the lateral geniculate body. B. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus cross in the posterior commissure and end in visceral cell columns of the oculomotor nerve complex. C. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus cross ventral to the cerebral aqueduct and end in the visceral cell columns of the oculomotor complex. D. Postganglionic fibers from the ciliary ganglion project to the sphincter of the iris. E. Preganglionic fibers from the nuclei of the oculomotor complex travel with fibers ofthe third nerve and synapse in the ciliary ganglion.

Answer 31

Jawab : A Carp pp. 207-208. The lateral geniculate body is not involved in the pupillary light reflex

Question 32

87. The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle can be found I. in the caudal aspect of the roof (inferior medullary velum) II. in the cranial aspect of the roof (superior medullary velum) III. in the lateral recess (ofLuschka) IV. on the floor A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II, IV D. IV E. all ofthe above

Answer 32

Jawab : B

Question 33

88. The median nerve innervates each of the following muscles except the A. adductor pollicis B. flexor carpi radialis C. opponens pollicis D. palmaris longus E. pronator teres

Answer 33

Jawab : A The adductor pollicis is innervated by the ulnar nerve.

Question 34

89. Afferent sources of fiber pathways to the septal nuclei include the I. amygdala II. hypothalamus III. hippocampus IV. basal ganglia A. I, II, III • B. I, III C. II,IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 34

Jawab : A

Question 35

90. The anterior choroidal artery supplies parts of the I. caudate nucleus II. optic tract III. thalamus IV. anterior limb of the internal capsule A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II, IV D. IV E. all ofthe above

Answer 35

Jawab : A The anterior choroidal artery supplies ventrolateral parts of the posterior limb of the internal capsule and the retrolenticular internal capsule. The anterior limb of the internal capsule is supplied by the lateral striate branches of the middle cerebral artery and the medial striate artery.

Question 36

91. A lesion affecting the left optic tract will be manifested by a deficit in the A. nasal half of the visual field of both eyes B. nasal half of the right visual field and temporal half of the left visual field C. no deficit unless the right optic tract was also affected D. temporal half of the visual field of both eyes E. temporal half of the right visual field and nasal half of the left visual field

Answer 36

Jawab : E

Question 37

92. Which of the following is not an afferent connection of the basal ganglia? A. cerebral cortex to globus pallidus B. cerebral cortex to putamen C. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus D. subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidus E. thalamus to caudate nucleus

Answer 37

Jawab : A

Question 38

93. Most of the fibers of the stria terminalis originate from the A. amygdala B. anterior hypothalamus C. arcuate nucleus D. habenula E. septal nuclei

Answer 38

Jawab : A

Question 39

For questions 94 to 96, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. trapezoid body B. Probst's commissure C. inferior collicular commissure 94. connects inferior colliculi

Answer 39

Jawab : C

Question 40

For questions 94 to 96, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. trapezoid body B. Probst's commissure C. inferior collicular commissure 95. connects nuclei oflaterallemniscus

Answer 40

Jawab : B

Question 41

For questions 94 to 96, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. trapezoid body B. Probst's commissure C. inferior collicular commissure 96. connects ventral cochlear nucleus to superior olive

Answer 41

Jawab : A

Question 42

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 97. Bilateral lesions here produce hyperphagia.

Answer 42

Jawab : D

Question 43

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 98. Bilateral lesions here produce poikilothermia.

Answer 43

Jawab : C

Question 44

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 99. Tumors in this region can result in hyperthermia.

Answer 44

Jawab : A

Question 45

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 100. Together with the lateral region, this area controls sympathetic responses.

Answer 45

Jawab : C

Question 46

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 101. Lesions here produce emotional lethargy and sleepiness.

Answer 46

Jawab : C

Question 47

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 102. the feeding center

Answer 47

Jawab : B

Question 48

For questions 97 to 103, match the region of the hypothalamus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior hypothalamus B. lateral hypothalamus C. posterior hypothalamus D. ventromedial hypothalamus 103. Together with the medial region, this area controls parasympathetic responses

Answer 48

Jawab : A

Question 49

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. nodose ganglion B. jugular ganglion C. petrosal ganglion D. superior ganglion of CN IX 104. ear sensation to CN IX

Answer 49

Jawab : D The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

Question 50

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. nodose ganglion B. jugular ganglion C. petrosal ganglion D. superior ganglion of CN IX 105. ear sensation to CN X

Answer 50

Jawab : B The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

Question 51

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. nodose ganglion B. jugular ganglion C. petrosal ganglion D. superior ganglion of CN IX 106. carotid sinus and body input

Answer 51

Jawab : C The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

Question 52

For questions 104 to 107, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. nodose ganglion B. jugular ganglion C. petrosal ganglion D. superior ganglion of CN IX 107. visceral input to CN X

Answer 52

Jawab : A The inferior ganglion of cranial nerve (CN) X is called the nodose ganglion and receives taste and other visceral information. The superior ganglion of CN X is called the jugular ganglion. The inferior ganglion of CN IX is called the petrosal ganglion and receives input from the carotid sinus and body as well as from taste receptors in the posterior one third of the tongue. Both superior ganglia are involved with somatic sensation.

Question 53

108. The telencephalon gives rise to each of the following except the A. amygdala B. caudate C. claustrum D. globus pallid us E. putamen

Answer 53

Jawab : D The globus pallidus is derived from the diencephalon

Question 54

109. Weakness if the coracobrachialis muscle results from impairment of the A. axillary nerve B. dorsal scapular nerve C. median nerve D. musculocutaneous nerve E. suprascapular nerve

Answer 54

Jawab : D

Question 55

110. Cells that give rise to commissural fibers that interconnect homologous cortical areas via the corpus callosum are found in layer A. I B. II C. III D. IV E. V

Answer 55

Jawab : C

Question 56

111. Neural crest derivatives include all of the following except the A. adrenal medulla B. dorsal root ganglion of cranial and spinal nerves C. neurons of the cerebral cortex D. pigmented layers of the retina E. sympathetic ganglia of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 56

Jawab : C Cortical neurons are derived from neuroectoderm that forms from the neural tube.

Question 57

112. Which of the following progressions from primary vesicle to secondary vesicle to adult derivative is correct? A. mesencephalon to rhomboencephalon to medulla B. prosencephalon to diencephalon to midbrain C. prosencephalon to telencephalon to thalami D. rhomboencephalon to metencephalon to cerebellum E. rhomboencephalon to myelencephalon to pons

Answer 57

Jawab : D

Question 58

113. Major striatal efferent projections include A. amygdala and globus pallid us B. globus pallidus and substantia nigra C. substantia nigra and amygdala D. substantia nigra and thalamus E. thalamus and globus pallidus

Answer 58

Jawab : B

Question 59

114. Fibers from the nucleus ambiguus make contribution to I. cranial nerve IX II. cranial nerve XI III. cranial nerve X IV. cranial nerve VII A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II, IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 59

Jawab : A

Question 60

115. Functional components of the facial and intermediate nerves include I. general somatic afferent fibers II. general visceral afferent fibers III. special visceral afferent fibers IV. special visceral efferent fibers A. I, II,IIl B. I,IIl C. II, IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 60

Jawab : E

Question 61

116. The infundibular recess of the third ventricle is located A. dorsal to the mammillary bodies B. dorsal to the habenula C. lateral to the infundibulum D. ventral to the infundibulum E. ventral to the mammillary bodies

Answer 61

Jawab : E

Question 62

117. Lesions of the lateral lemniscus produce A. bilateral complete deafness B. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the contralateral ear C. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the ipsilateral ear D. unilateral. contralateral deafness E. unilateral, ipsilateral deafness

Answer 62

Jawab : B Fibers in the lateral lemniscus are both crossed and uncrossed.

Question 63

118. The superior orbital fissure is traversed by which combination of cranial nerves? A. Ill, IV, and VI only B. Ill, IV, VI, and V1 only C. Ill, IV, VI, V1, and V2 only D. I1,Ill, IV, VI, V1, and V2 only E. I1,Ill, IV, VI, and V1 only

Question 64

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior orbital fissure B. foramen magnum C. foramen ovale D. superior orbital fissure E. none Qf the above 119. nasociliary nerve

Answer 64

Jawab :

Question 65

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior orbital fissure B. foramen magnum C. foramen ovale D. superior orbital fissure E. none Qf the above 120. lacrimal nerve

Answer 65

Jawab :

Question 66

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior orbital fissure B. foramen magnum C. foramen ovale D. superior orbital fissure E. none Qf the above 121. maxillary nerve

Answer 66

Jawab :

Question 67

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior orbital fissure B. foramen magnum C. foramen ovale D. superior orbital fissure E. none Qf the above 122. mandibular nerve

Answer 67

Jawab :

Question 68

For questions 119 to 123, match the nerve with the foramen or fissure it traverses. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior orbital fissure B. foramen magnum C. foramen ovale D. superior orbital fissure E. none Qf the above 123. spinal accessory nerve

Answer 68

Jawab :

Question 69

For questions 124 to 126, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. pudendal nerve B. splanchnic nerve C. nervi erigentes 124. parasympathetic

Answer 69

Jawab :

Question 70

For questions 124 to 126, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. pudendal nerve B. splanchnic nerve C. nervi erigentes 125. sympathetic

Answer 70

Jawab :

Question 71

For questions 124 to 126, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. pudendal nerve B. splanchnic nerve C. nervi erigentes 126. somatic

Answer 71

Jawab :

Question 72

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. cochlear nucleus B. inferior colliculus C. lateral lemniscus D. medial geniculate E. superior olivary nucleus 127. Fibers arising here are grouped into three acoustic striae.

Answer 72

Jawab :

Question 73

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. cochlear nucleus B. inferior colliculus C. lateral lemniscus D. medial geniculate E. superior olivary nucleus 128. the most proximal source of tertiary auditory fibers

Answer 73

jawab :

Question 74

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. cochlear nucleus B. inferior colliculus C. lateral lemniscus D. medial geniculate E. superior olivary nucleus 129. projects fibers into the lateral lemniscus

Answer 74

Jawab :

Question 75

For questions 127 to 130, match the structure involved in audition with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. cochlear nucleus B. inferior colliculus C. lateral lemniscus D. medial geniculate E. superior olivary nucleus 130. Fibers from this structure project bilaterally to stapedius motor neurons.

Answer 75

jawab :

Question 76

131. The fibers of the stria medullaris of the thalamus arise in the I. anterior thalamic nuclei II. lateral preoptic region Ill. septal nuclei IV. lateral habenular nucleus A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II, IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 76

jawab :

Question 77

132. Each of the following is true of striatal afferents except A. Cells in the centromedian nucleus project to the caudate. B. Corticostriate projections use glutamate as their transmitter. C. Nigrostriatal fibers arise from cells in the pars compacta. D. Serotonergic projections arise from the dorsal nucleus of the raphe. E. Thalamostriate fibers arise largely from cells in the centromedianparafascicular nucleus

Answer 77

Jawab : A

Question 78

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 133. consists of a pars oralis, pars interpolaris, and pars caudalis

Answer 78

Jawab :

Question 79

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 134. Lesions in this structure can result in a loss of pain and temperature sense.

Answer 79

jawab :

Question 80

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 135. Afferent fibers of this nucleus convey pressure and kinesthetic sense.

Answer 80

Jawab :

Question 81

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 136. Second-order neurons of the ventral trigeminothalamic tract are found in the principal sensory nucleus and here

Answer 81

Jawab :

Question 82

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 137. Second-order neurons of the dorsal trigeminothalamic tract are found here.

Answer 82

jawab :

Question 83

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 138. This nucleus and the motor nucleus are involved in the jaw jerk.

Answer 83

Jawab :

Question 84

For questions 133 to 139, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 139. Cells here have large receptive fields and respond to a wide range of pressure stimuli

Answer 84

jawab :

Question 85

140. Which is true of dentate nucleus projections? A. They indirectly project to the ipsilateral cerebellar cortex. B. They indirectly project to the ipsilateral primary motor cortex. C. They leave the cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle. D. They project somatotopically on the ventral anterior thalamic nucleus. E. They project to the ipsilateral red nucleus.

Answer 85

Jawab : A

Question 86

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. superior gluteal nerve B. inferior gluteal nerve C. sciatic .llerve D. femoral nerve 141. adductor magnus

Answer 86

Jawab :

Question 87

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. superior gluteal nerve B. inferior gluteal nerve C. sciatic .llerve D. femoral nerve 142. sartorius

Answer 87

Jawab :

Question 88

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. superior gluteal nerve B. inferior gluteal nerve C. sciatic .llerve D. femoral nerve 143. tensor fascia lata

Answer 88

Jawab :

Question 89

For questions 141 to 144, match the following nerves with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. superior gluteal nerve B. inferior gluteal nerve C. sciatic .llerve D. femoral nerve 144. gluteus maximus

Answer 89

Jawab :

Question 90

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lateral cord B. medial cord C. posterior cord D. radial nerve E. ulnar nerve 145. The nerve that supplies the teres major originates here.

Answer 90

Jawab :

Question 91

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lateral cord B. medial cord C. posterior cord D. radial nerve E. ulnar nerve 146. The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm originates here.

Answer 91

Jawab :

Question 92

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lateral cord B. medial cord C. posterior cord D. radial nerve E. ulnar nerve 147. The axillary nerve is a branch of this structure.

Answer 92

Jawab :

Question 93

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lateral cord B. medial cord C. posterior cord D. radial nerve E. ulnar nerve 148. The musculocutaneous nerve is a branch of this structure.

Answer 93

Jawab :

Question 94

For questions 145 to 149, match the component of the brachial plexus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lateral cord B. medial cord C. posterior cord D. radial nerve E. ulnar nerve 149. The middle and lower trunks both contribute to this structure.

Answer 94

Jawab :

Question 95

150. Each of the following is true of fiber tracts leaving the cerebellum and terminating in the thalamus except A. Fibers terminate on the ventral lateral and ventral posterolateral thalamic nuclei. B. In the thalamus, the extremities are represented dorsally and the back ventrally. C. In the thalamus, the head is represented medially and the caudal thorax laterally. D. Some fibers project to the rostral interlaminar nuclei. E. These fibers originate from both the dentate and the interposed nuclei.

Answer 95

Jawab : B

Question 96

151. All of the following subcortical nuclei are considered part of the limbic system except the A. amygdala B. centromedian nucleus of the thalamus C. epithalamus D. hypothalamus E. septal nuclei

Answer 96

Jawab : B

Question 97

152. Central nervous system melanocytes are concentrated in the A. choroid plexus B. red nuclei C. region of the amygdala D. septum pellucidum E. ventral medulla

Answer 97

Jawab : E

Question 98

153. A lesion in the medial lemniscus produces A. contralateral loss of pain and temperature B. contralateral loss of position and vibration C. ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature D. ipsilateral loss of position and vibration E. loss of pain and temperature bilaterally

Answer 98

Jawab : E

Question 99

154. Each of the following is considered a part of the diencephalon except the A. fornix B. hypothalamus C. mammillary bodies D. pineal gland E. stria medullaris thalami

Answer 99

Jawab : A

Question 100

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 155. inferior orbital fissure

Answer 100

Jawab :

Question 101

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 156. superior orbital fissure

Answer 101

Jawab :

Question 102

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 157. foramen spinosum

Answer 102

Jawab :

Question 103

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 158. foramen rotundum

Answer 103

Jawab :

Question 104

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 159. foramen ovale

Answer 104

Jawab :

Question 105

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 160. Dorello's canal

Answer 105

Jawab :

Question 106

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 161. incisive foramen

Answer 106

Jawab :

Question 107

For questions 155 to 162, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. maxillary branch of CN V B. nasopalatine nerve C. mandibular branch of CN V D. abducens nerve E. mental nerve F. middle meningeal artery 162. mental foramen

Answer 107

Jawab :

Question 108

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 163. the largest ofthe vestibular nuclei

Answer 108

Jawab :

Question 109

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 164. Cells of the superior vestibular ganglion, which innervate the utricular macule, project to this nucleus.

Answer 109

Jawab :

Question 110

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 165. Cells of the inferior vestibular ganglion, which innervate the posterior part of the saccular macule, project to this nucleus.

Answer 110

Jawab :

Question 111

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 166. gives rise to the vestibulospinal tract

Answer 111

Jawab :

Question 112

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 167. Ascending fibers from this nucleus are predominantly crossed and project bilaterally to the extraocular nerve nuclei.

Answer 112

Jawab :

Question 113

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 168. gives rise to the uncrossed ascending fibers in the medial longitudinal fasciculus projecting to the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei

Answer 113

Jawab :

Question 114

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 169. Cells of this nucleus lie among fibers of the vestibular root

Answer 114

Jawab :

Question 115

For questions 163 to 170, match the vestibular nucleus with the description. Each response may lJe used once, more than once, or not at all. A. inferior vestibular nucleus B. interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve C. lateral vestibular nucleus D. medial vestibular nucleus E. superior vestibular nucleus 170. Secondary vestibulocerebellar projections arise from the caudal aspect of the inferior vestibular nucleus and this nucleus.

Answer 115

Jawab :

Question 116

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 171. the most rostral of the nuclei

Answer 116

Jawab :

Question 117

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 172. extends the most caudally

Answer 117

Jawab :

Question 118

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 173. Afferent fibers of this nucleus convey pressure and kinesthetic sense from the teeth.

Answer 118

Jawab :

Question 119

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 174. Central processes from the trigeminal ganglion cells ascend to this nucleus.

Answer 119

Jawab :

Question 120

For questions 171 to 175, match the trigeminal nucleus with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. mesencephalic nucleus B. motor nucleus C. principal sensory nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. trigeminal ganglion 175. Central processes from the trigeminal ganglion cells descend to this nucleus.

Answer 120

Jawab :

Question 121

176. The solitary tract is formed from fibers of cranial nerve( s) I. IX II. X III. VII IV. XII A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II, IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 121

Jawab :

Question 122

177. A femoral nerve injury results in weakness of A. hip extension B. hip flexion C. knee flexion D. thigh abduction E. thigh adduction

Answer 122

Jawab : B

Question 123

178. The pars tuberalis is a part of the A. anterior lobe of the pituitary B. diaphragma sellae C. intermediate lobe of the pituitary D. pituitary stalk E. posterior lobe of the pituitary

Answer 123

Jawab : A

Question 124

179. The dentate nuclei project to each of the following, directly or indirectly, except the A. cerebellar cortex B. inferior olive C. red nucleus D. reticulotegmental nucleus E. subthalamic nucleus

Answer 124

Jawab : E

Question 125

180. Fibers in the superior cerebellar peduncle synapse in which of the following thalamic nuclei? I. ventral anterior II. ventral lateral III. rostral interlaminar nuclei IV. ventral posterolateral A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II, IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 125

Jawab : C

Question 126

181. The limbic lobe is composed of all the following except the A. amygdala B. cingulate gyrus C. dentate gyrus D. parahippotampal gyrus E. subcallosal gyrus

Answer 126

Jawab : A The amygdala is part of the limbic system (limbic lobe plus associated subcortical nuclei). The hippocampal formation is also part of the limbic lobe.

Question 127

182. The most significant contribution to the nasal septum is made by the A. ethmoid and frontal bones B. ethmoid and sphenoid bones C. ethmoid and vomer bones D. frontal and vomer bones E. sphenoid and vomer bones

Answer 127

Jawab : C

Question 128

183. The posterior interosseus nerve innervates the A. abductor pollicis brevis B. abductor pollicis longus C. adductor pollicis D. flexor pollicis longus E. opponens pollicis

Answer 128

Jawab : B The median nerve innervates the opponens pollicis and abductor pollicis brevis. The anterior interosseous nerve innervates the flexor pollicis longus, and the ulnar nerve innervates the adductor pollicis.

Question 129

184. The internal cerebral vein receives each of the following veins except the A. choroidal vein B. epithalamic vein C. great cerebral vein of Galen D. septal vein E. thalamostriate vein

Answer 129

Jawab : C The vein of Galen receives the paired internal cerebral veins, not vice versa.

Question 130

185. The striate cortex corresponds to area A. 17 B. 18 C. 19 D. 41 E. 42

Answer 130

Jawab : C

Question 131

186. The internal capsule is supplied by branches of the I. middle cerebral artery II. anterior cerebral artery III. internal carotid artery IV. posterior cerebral artery A. I, II, III B. I, III C. II,IV D. IV E. all of the above

Answer 131

Jawab : A The anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule are supplied by the lateral striates (from the middle cerebral artery). The medial striate artery of Heubner (from the anterior cerebral artery) supplies the rostromedial parts of the anterior limb. Direct branches from the internal carotid artery supply the genu, and the retrolenticular part and ventral portions of the posterior limb are supplied by the anterior choroidal artery.

Question 132

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior commissure B. arcuate fasciculus C. cingulate fasciculus D. corpus callosum E. uncinate fasciculus 187. Connects the orbital frontal gyri with anterior parts of the temporal lobe

Answer 132

Jawab : E

Question 133

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior commissure B. arcuate fasciculus C. cingulate fasciculus D. corpus callosum E. uncinate fasciculus 188. connects the medial frontal and parietal lobes with the parahippocampal region

Answer 133

Jawab : C

Question 134

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior commissure B. arcuate fasciculus C. cingulate fasciculus D. corpus callosum E. uncinate fasciculus 189. connects the superior and middle frontal gyri to the temporal lobe

Answer 134

Jawab : B

Question 135

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior commissure B. arcuate fasciculus C. cingulate fasciculus D. corpus callosum E. uncinate fasciculus 190. The tapetum is derived from these fibers

Answer 135

Jawab : D

Question 136

For questions 187 to 191, match the association or commissural fiber bundle with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior commissure B. arcuate fasciculus C. cingulate fasciculus D. corpus callosum E. uncinate fasciculus 191. interconnects regions of the middle and inferior temporal gyri between hemispheres

Answer 136

Jawab : A

Question 137

For questions 192 to 194, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. restiform body B. juxtarestiform body C. brachium conjunctivum D. brachium pontis 192. superior cerebellar peduncle

Answer 137

Jawab : C

Question 138

For questions 192 to 194, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. restiform body B. juxtarestiform body C. brachium conjunctivum D. brachium pontis 193. middle cerebellar peduncle

Answer 138

Jawab : D

Question 139

For questions 192 to 194, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. restiform body B. juxtarestiform body C. brachium conjunctivum D. brachium pontis 194. portion of the inferior cerebellar peduncle containing only afferent fibers from the inferior olive and pons

Answer 139

Jawab : A

Question 140

195. A discrete unilateral lesion of the abducens nucleus produces paralysis of movement of A. both eyes away from the lesion B. both eyes toward the lesion C. the contralateral eye toward the lesion D. the ipsilateral eye away from the lesion E. the ipsilateral eye toward the lesion

Answer 140

Jawab : B A unilateral lesion of the abducens nucleus produces a lateral gaze paralysis. It is the only cranial nerve in which lesions of the root fibers and nucleus do not produce the same effects.

Question 141

196. Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers destined for the lacrimal gland are derived from the A. geniculate ganglion B. otic ganglion C. pterygopalatine ganglion D. sublingual ganglion E. submandibular ganglion

Answer 141

Jawab : C

Question 142

197. Fibers originating in the substantia nigra synapse on each of the following structures except the A. caudate B. globus pallid us C. putamen D. superior colliculus E. thalamus

Answer 142

Jawab : B Fibers from the substantia nigra pars compacta 1 traverse parts of the globus pallidus en route to the caudate and putamen. They do not, however, synapse in the globus pallidus.

Question 143

198. The blood-brain barrier is formed by (the) A. astrocytic foot processes B. basement membrane C. ependymal lining cells D. microglia, E. tight junctions of the capillary endothelium

Answer 143

Jawab : E

Question 144

199. Which of the following ligaments is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament? A. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane B. apical ligament C. cruciate ligament D. tectorial ligament E. transverse ligament

Answer 144

Jawab : D

Question 145

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. 3% B. 30% C. 40% D. 60% E. 90% 200. Betz cells account for this proportion of the corticospinal fibers.

Answer 145

Jawab : A

Question 146

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. 3% B. 30% C. 40% D. 60% E. 90% 201. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers arising from area 4

Answer 146

Jawab : B

Question 147

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. 3% B. 30% C. 40% D. 60% E. 90% 202. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers arising from area 6

Answer 147

Jawab : B

Question 148

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. 3% B. 30% C. 40% D. 60% E. 90% 203. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers arising from the parietal lobe

Answer 148

Jawab : C

Question 149

For questions 200 to 204, match the percentage of corticospinal fibers with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. 3% B. 30% C. 40% D. 60% E. 90% 204. the approximate percentage of corticospinal fibers that are poorly myelinated

Answer 149

Jawab : C

Question 150

205. The facial nerve innervates all of the following muscles except the A. anterior belly of the digastric B. buccinator C. platysma D. stapedius E. stylohyoid

Answer 150

Jawab : A The posterior belly of the digastric muscle is supplied by the facial nerve, and the anterior belly is supplied by the trigeminal nerve

Question 151

206. The nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disk is formed from the A. chondrification of the centrum of the vertebral body B. myotome C. notochord D. primitive streak E. sclerotome

Answer 151

Jawab : C

Question 152

207. The primary olfactory cortex is located in the A. anterior perforated substance B. entorhinal cortex C. mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus D. orbitofrontal cortex E. pyriform cortex

Answer 152

Jawab : E The pyriform cortex (lateral olfactory gyms) and periamygdaloid area constitute the primary olfactory cortex, and the entorhinal cortex constitutes the secondary olfactory cortical area.

Question 153

208. Each of the following cell groups is derived from the alar plate except the A. nucleus ambiguus B. principal sensory nucleus of eN v C. solitary nucleus D. spinal trigeminal nucleus E. vestibular nucleus

Answer 153

Jawab : A The nucleus ambiguus is derived from the basal plate.

Question 154

209. A unilateral lesion of the trochlear nerve produces maximal diplopia on A. downgaze to the opposite side B. downgaze to the same side C. upgaze to the opposite side D. upgaze to the same side E. lateral gaze to the opposite side

Answer 154

Jawab : A

Question 155

For questions 210 and 211, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. superior olive B. inferior olivary complex C. both D. neither 210. part of the auditory system

Answer 155

Jawab : A

Question 156

For questions 210 and 211, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. superior olive B. inferior olivary complex C. both D. neither 211. part of the cerebellar system

Answer 156

Jawab : B

Question 157

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description. A. superior saliva tory nucleus B. inferior saliva tory nucleus C. both D. neither. 212. General visceral efferent fibers arise here.

Answer 157

Jawab : C

Question 158

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description. A. superior saliva tory nucleus B. inferior saliva tory nucleus C. both D. neither. 213. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from this nucleus travel with the intermediate nerve

Answer 158

Jawab : A

Question 159

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description. A. superior saliva tory nucleus B. inferior saliva tory nucleus C. both D. neither. 214. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from this nucleus travel with the lesser petrosal nerve

Answer 159

Jawab : B

Question 160

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description. A. superior saliva tory nucleus B. inferior saliva tory nucleus C. both D. neither. 215. located in the reticular formation

Answer 160

Jawab : C

Question 161

For questions 212 to 216, match the following structures with the description. A. superior saliva tory nucleus B. inferior saliva tory nucleus C. both D. neither. 216. Fibers originating here eventually divide into two groups that pass to the pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia, respectively.

Answer 161

Jawab : A

Question 162

For questions 217 and 218, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. parasympathetic B. sympathetic C. both 217. short ciliary nerves

Answer 162

Jawab : C The short ciliary nerves are mainly composed of parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion to the eye, but some sympathetic fibers are also present.

Question 163

For questions 217 and 218, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. parasympathetic B. sympathetic C. both 218. long ciliary nerves

Answer 163

Jawab : B The short ciliary nerves are mainly composed of parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion to the eye, but some sympathetic fibers are also present.

Question 164

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 219. arises from the dorsal nucleus of Clarke

Answer 164

Jawab : C

Question 165

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 220. the upper limb equivalent of the dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Answer 165

Jawab : B

Question 166

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 221. transmits light touch

Answer 166

Jawab : A

Question 167

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 222. crossed; cells of origin receive input from group Ib afferents

Answer 167

Jawab : E

Question 168

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 223. crossed within one or two spinal segments; cells in laminae I, IV, and V give rise to most of the axons in this tract

Answer 168

Jawab : D

Question 169

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 224. enters the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle

Answer 169

Jawab : E

Question 170

For questions 219 to 225, match the ascending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. anterior spinothalamic tract B. cuneocerebellar tract C. dorsal spinocerebellar tract D. lateral spinothalamic tract E. ventral spinocerebellar tract 225. First-order neurons are found from L1 to S2.

Answer 170

Jawab : E

Question 171

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. corticospinal tract B. reticulospinal tract C. rubrospinal tract D. tectospinal tract E. vestibulospinal tract 226. The majority of fibers descend only to cervical levels.

Answer 171

Jawab : D

Question 172

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. corticospinal tract B. reticulospinal tract C. rubrospinal tract D. tectospinal tract E. vestibulospinal tract 227. Cells of origin reside in the pontine tegmentum and medulla.

Answer 172

Jawab : B

Question 173

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. corticospinal tract B. reticulospinal tract C. rubrospinal tract D. tectospinal tract E. vestibulospinal tract 228. divides into three tracts at the spino medullary junction

Answer 173

Jawab : A

Question 174

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. corticospinal tract B. reticulospinal tract C. rubrospinal tract D. tectospinal tract E. vestibulospinal tract 229. associated with the control of tone in flexor muscle groups

Answer 174

Jawab : C

Question 175

For questions 226 to 230, match the descending spinal tract with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. corticospinal tract B. reticulospinal tract C. rubrospinal tract D. tectospinal tract E. vestibulospinal tract 230. associated with the control of tone in extensor muscle groups

Answer 175

Jawab : E

Question 176

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 231. adductor brevis

Answer 176

Jawab : D

Question 177

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 232. biceps femoris

Answer 177

Jawab : E

Question 178

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 233. extensor hallucis longus

Answer 178

Jawab : A

Question 179

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 234. gluteus medius

Answer 179

Jawab : G

Question 180

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 235. gluteus maximus

Answer 180

Jawab : C

Question 181

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 236. gastrocnemius

Answer 181

Jawab : H

Question 182

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 237. iliopsoas

Answer 182

Jawab : B

Question 183

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 238. flexor digitorum longus

Answer 183

Jawab : H

Question 184

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 239. peroneus longus and brevis

Answer 184

Jawab : F

Question 185

For questions 231 to 240, match the peripheral nerve with the muscle it innervates. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. deep peroneal B. femoral C. inferior gluteal D. obturator E. sciatic F. superficial peroneal G. superior gluteal H. Tibial 240. quadriceps

Answer 185

Jawab : B

Question 186

241. Movement of molecules across the blood-brain barrier involves A. active transport requiring energy B. carrier-mediated transport C. both D. neither

Answer 186

Jawab : C Molecules also move across the blood-brain barrier by diffusion. Substance that cross the blood-brain barrier by diffusion include water and alcohol. D-glucose and large neutral amino acids are transported into the brain by carrier-mediated transport. Active transport is used to move weak organic acids, halides, and extracellular K+ from the brain and cerebrospinal fluid into plasma.

Question 187

242. Which of the following most closely characterizes the tuberohypophysial tract? A. arcuate rftIcieus to median eminence B. arcuate nucleus to posterior hypophysis C. dorsomedial nucleus to posterior hypophysis D. supraoptic nucleus to median eminence E. supraoptic nucleus to posterior hypophysis

Answer 187

Jawab : A The tuberohypophysial or tuberoinfundibular tract arises from the tuberal region (mainly the arcuate nucleus) and can be traced to the median eminence and infundibular stem.

Question 188

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 243. dens to basion

Answer 188

Jawab : A

Question 189

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 244. dens to lateral foramen magnum

Answer 189

Jawab : B

Question 190

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 245. pia to dura

Answer 190

Jawab : C

Question 191

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 246. continuous with posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 191

Jawab : D

Question 192

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 247. continuous with anterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 192

Jawab : G

Question 193

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 248. between C1 lateral masses

Answer 193

Jawab : H

Question 194

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 249. transverse ligament to basion

Answer 194

Jawab : E

Question 195

For questions 243 to 250, match the following structures with the description. Each response may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. apical ligament B. alar ligaments C. dentate ligaments D. tectorial membrane E. superior cruciate ligaments F. inferior cruciate ligaments G. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane H. transverse ligament 250. transverse ligament to axis

Answer 195

Jawab : F