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Rationales OT > NBCOT Full Practice Exam > Flashcards

NBCOT Full Practice Exam Flashcards

1
Q

An OTR® is working with a 5-year-old child with autism to develop in-hand manipulation skills. Which activity is BEST to help this child develop shifting?

A

Separating Playing Cards

Shifting: moving objects using pads of the fingers for repositioning

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2
Q

At what stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) does nerve cell damage cause significant motor impairments that limit the ability to complete life tasks?

A

Late Stage

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3
Q

An OTR® is providing intervention to a client with an anxiety disorder who hyperventilates when faced with difficult work tasks. The OTR works with the employer to identify work tasks in which the client can be successful. What frame of reference does this intervention suggest?

A

Cognitive Disability

uses the client’s strengths to allow for function like training c/gs for environmental modification

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4
Q

What would be considered the first line of treatment in the acute setting for the medical management of a cardiovascular accident (CVA)?

A

Thrombolytic agents

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5
Q

Through what type of interventions is the field of occupational therapy MOST likely to be successful in demonstrating a population impact on the problem of cocaine and amphetamine abuse disorder?

A

Preventive

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6
Q

What is SETT?

A

Allows for collaboration and communication among educational team members to support good decision making to determine the AT needs of a student.

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7
Q

The client added that the low back pain started after the stressful life events. Malingering and fear of illness do not seem to be a part of this scenario. What is the client’s likely diagnosis?

A

Conversion Disorder

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8
Q

What presentation does a child with congenital club hand will have?

A

Partial or full absence of the radius and bowing of the ulnar shaft

aka Radial club hand

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9
Q

For a client with C5 spinal cord injury (SCI) in the acute phase of rehabilitation, what is the BEST position to place the client’s forearms in?

A

Pronation

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10
Q

An OTR® conducts a screening with a second-grade student who was referred to occupational therapy for handwriting legibility. In which way would the OTR® assess legibility during the screening?

A

Legibility Formula= calculate the number of written words dividing to the number of legible word

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11
Q

The Children’s Health Insurance Program provides coverage for which group of people?

A

Children and families whose income is too high for Medicaid but too low to afford private insurance

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12
Q

The client with diabetes and obesity is bedbound and has developed a decubitus ulcer. Where is the decubitus ulcer MOST likely to occur on the client’s body?

A

Elbow

decubitus ulcer most commonly occurs at a boney prominence that been compressed for a while

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13
Q

During the range of motion (ROM) assessment, the OTR® notices that the client has more passive ROM (PROM) in bilateral shoulder flexion than active ROM (AROM). What could be the cause of these ROM limitations?

A

Muscle Weakness

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14
Q

The caregiver of a client with Alzheimer’s disease questions the home health OTR® about a recent increase in the client’s dosage of donepezil (Aricept) prescribed by the physician. What is the OTR®’s most appropriate suggestion for the caregiver?

A

Observe the client for signs of dizziness, which increases potential for falls.

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15
Q

Which of the following elements is an important component of the Recovery Model?

A

A: Peer support and teaching

Person-driven and belief that a person with mental illness can recover and lead a satisfying life.

Key to RECOVERY: Connectedness and Social supports

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16
Q

Is this true? A health care professional other than an OTR® can supervise occupational therapy students on Level I fieldwork.

A

True

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17
Q

An OTR® wants to use a cognitive strategy to address a motor learning deficit with a client. The client is having difficulty with lower body dressing after hip replacement. Which is the BEST example of a cognitive strategy to use with this client?

A

Client imagines using a dressing stick while the OTR describes the process of lower body dressing as the client visualizes completing the activity.

Use guided imagery

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18
Q

What is the COTA’s role during evaluation process

A

Can perform delegated assessments and provide reports of a client’s capabilities to the OTR®

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19
Q

What organization provides resources and advocates for policy related to community mobility for children?

A

SAFEKIDS-USA

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20
Q

Which is the MOST appropriate position for a client with a hip replacement to perform lower-body dressing?

A

Sitting on the side of the bed or on a chair with arm rests

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21
Q

What FOR states that a child’s true performance occurs in natural environments?

A

EHP

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22
Q

What FOR assesses the client’s current cognitive functioning to maximize supports in the environment that will facilitate maximal occupational performance?

A

Cognitive-Disability Model

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23
Q

What should the OTR®; do for the affected upper extremity when positioning a client with hemiparesis in side lying on the affected side?

A

Protract the arm forward

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24
Q

What should you expect for a child at age 2 to complete IND?

A
  • doff coat (unfastened/ubnutton)
  • doff shoes untied
  • pull down pants
  • locate armholes in shirt
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25
Q

Community mobility is defined as?

A

moving around in the community or using public or private transportation,

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26
Q

This FOR approach makes use of projective media such as clay, magazine collages, painting, and poetry.

A

Psychodynamic approach

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27
Q

What are essential job functions?

A

Functions that an employee must be able to complete, with or without a reasonable accommodation

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28
Q

One of the inpatients who has a C7 tetraplegia wants to play tennis with the other patients. Which adaptation would be MOST BENEFICIAL for enabling the patient to participate in this game?

A

Fasten hook-and-loop straps to secure the paddle to the hand.

to compensate for limited grasp and dexterity

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29
Q

An OTR® is working with a child on shoe tying. At around what age can the OTR® expect a typically developing child to master this skill?

A

6

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30
Q

Which functional writing activities should a 6 y.o child be able to complete without adult assistance?

A

Copying a triangle, printing own name, and copying most letters

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31
Q

During a journal reading activity, a client becomes very emotional when disclosing sensitive personal feelings on how the client’s family perceives the client’s admission to the mental health facility. Several other clients recognize that they share the same feelings and perceptions, which makes the client feel better. According to Yalom’s therapeutic factors in groups, what curative factor is this?

A

Universality

-gained from other members’ sharing of similar feelings, thoughts, and problems.

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32
Q

An OTR® evaluates a client who has just entered the plateau phase of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). When assessing ADLs, what would the OTR® most likely expect to see?

A

Edema and weakness in the lower extremities, which makes bathing and dressing difficult

33
Q

An OTR® is working with a client with C5 spinal cord injury. In which position is it BEST to splint to prevent deformity in the acute stage of injury?

A

Wrist extension, thumb opposition

34
Q

An adult with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit after a suicide attempt. What would be the BEST initial intervention for an OTR® to attempt with this client?`

A

Relaxation-focused group

35
Q

Describe the progression of DMD?

A

The condition progresses quickly, and children often need to use a wheelchair by age 9.

36
Q

Which consideration is MOST important for a safe transfer?

A

Client’s physical and cognitive status

37
Q

What evidence does the literature provide that supports a psychosocial focus with older adults and driving cessation?

A

Driving cessation has been linked to social isolation, depression, and early nursing home admission.

38
Q

Approximately what percentage of the U.S. rural population does NOT have access to public transportation?

A

75%

39
Q

According to the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, which of the following elements is part of the domain of occupational therapy?

A

Domain of OT

  • Context and Environment
  • Occupations
  • Client Factors (values, body fx, body structures)
  • Performance Skills (motor, processing, social interaction)
  • Performance Patterns (habits, routines)
40
Q

What physical indicator suggests that the child might be receiving too much vestibular input?

A

-nausea, dizziness, blanching, HYPERACTIVE, lethargy

41
Q

Why might a client with early-stage dementia appear rigid in routines?

A

May be compensating for memory loss

42
Q

How do the majority of older adult nondrivers in the United States travel in the community?

A

AS passengers driven by someone else in private cars

43
Q

What does the festinating gait look like?

A

Small and rapid

44
Q

An OTR® in an outpatient facility is working with a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) who is in the recovery phase. During ADL and IADL tasks, on what is education primarily focused?

A

Energy Conservation

45
Q

An older adult client is having difficulty locating curbs, stairs, and objects in low-lit areas within the home environment. Which area is MOST relevant to assess during the evaluation?

A

Contrast Sensitivity

-Can limit person’s ability to locate curbs, stairs, objects in low light within environment/

46
Q

What is accommodative facility?

A

the speed of focus adjustment and ability to maintain focus over time

-may have problems with driving

47
Q

Which tissue needs to be debrided for healing of a wound to occur?

A

Black or yellow necrotic tissue

-possibly infected tissue need to be removed for healing to occur

48
Q

An OTR® is instructing a client post–hip surgery on after-toileting cleansing while adhering to appropriate hip precautions. What method is the BEST to prevent further injury?

A

wipe between the legs in a sitting position on an elevated toilet seat

49
Q

With which of the following clients would it be MOST appropriate for the OTR® to use guided imagery?

A

Generalized Stress Disorder

Contraindicated for people with hallucination potential

50
Q

During an intervention session in which a client with unilateral neglect reads single letters across several lines, the OTR® uses a vertical line on the left side of the page to cue the client to read the correct line. Which intervention technique is the OTR using?

A

anchoring

cueing that brings attention back to the neglected side

51
Q

What is the BEST recommendation regarding frequency of pressure relief technique?

A

Every 30 mins

52
Q

An older adult client who has difficulty completing feeding tasks demonstrates compensatory movements including holding food close, tilting the head when eating, and closing one eye when moving the fork to the mouth. Which factor would the OTR® assess FIRST during evaluation?

A

Visual foundation skills

comprised of visual acuity, oculomotor control, pursuits, saccades, fields

53
Q

A client presents with decreased orientation. What is the most effective strategy for an OTR® to implement to assist with this cognitive impairment?

A

Visual reminders

like providing orientation poster with day/time information listed in common areas

54
Q

In addition to being a means to move from one place to another, what is the relationship of community mobility to participation?

A

Occupation enabler

55
Q

An OTR®; is concerned with preventing shoulder pain in a client with hemiparesis in the acute stages of stroke recovery. Which intervention is appropriate to prevent shoulder pain in this client?

A

Move the upper extremity with external rotation, shoulder flexion within 90°, and scapular protraction to allow for optimal motor recovery by promoting soft-tissue elongation.

56
Q

The OTR® would like to put together focus groups to explore the experiences of individuals who are adjusting to spinal cord injury. What study design methodology would be best for this type of research project?

A

Phenomological

focus groups with open-ended interview Q’s

57
Q

The psychiatrist describes an uninterrupted 18-month period of illness that includes visual and auditory hallucinations. What type of issues would the OTR® expect to see when the client attempts to do a task?

A

Aggressive outbursts

Pt has schizophrenia and frustration and aggression with tasks is common.

58
Q

Based on observations, the OTR® wants to improve the child’s classroom environment to promote more opportunities for success. Which rational intervention (RI) approach would the OTR® use?

A

Facilitation

-characterized by observing the child and responding to child’s needs

59
Q

Rational Intervention (RI): Matching

A

Match response to the child’s behavior

60
Q

RI: Monitoring

A

observing the child

61
Q

RI: Gentle Correcting

A

Alter the environment reminding child of the expectations, model appropriate bx, and redirect

62
Q

What conclusion can you draw for a new resident moving his wheelchair forward by gripping the front of the push rim and giving it multiple tiny pushes?

A

Seat back height is too high.

When the seat back height is above the lower angle of the scapula, it can prevent adequate shoulder extension

63
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

an abnormal rounding of the upper back

pelvis rotate posteriorly increasing trunk flexion

pathological deterioration of the vertebrae of the thoracic spine

64
Q

Which intervention strategy would be appropriate when teaching a compensatory approach for the production of written language to a child who has a diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder?

A

Instruct the child in keyboarding

65
Q

Which STORCH infection would require the OTR® to use universal precautions to prevent the OTR® from contracting an infection when working with the infant and mother?

A

Cytomegalovirus

because the virus is dormant and therapist may still contract it

66
Q

The chart indicates that the Down syndrome client has a history of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). What are the risks associated with this condition?

A

Heart failure and inadequate brain O2

67
Q

A client with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presents with the right index finger in 30° of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) flexion and 20° of distal interphalangeal (DIP) hyperextension. What type of finger deformity does the client have?

A

Boutonniere

68
Q

What are diagnostic symptoms for borderline personality disorder ?

A

Self-mutilation, destruction, unstable mood, fears of abandonment that lead to instability

69
Q

The OTR® notes a slight catch of the upper extremity in the midrange of motion. Which of the following occurred during the assessment of this movement?

A

Spasticity

70
Q

An OTR®; who passed the initial NBCOT exam has decided not to be recertified through NBCOT. Which consequence will result from the OTR’s decision?

A

may practice occupational therapy in a state that does not require certification, but the OTR’s credentials will change to OT.

71
Q

An OTR® is preparing a forearm splint for a client with a high complete spinal cord injury. What surface of the client’s forearm should the base of the splint rest upon?

A

Dorsal

72
Q

An OTR® is training a client with a new transradial amputation to wrap the residual limb with an elastic bandage. What is the PRIMARY reason for wrapping the residual limb?

A

Develop a tapered distal end

73
Q

What is occlusion?

A

Covering part or all of one eye.

OT can apply only under the direction of a physician?

74
Q

What is windswept deformity?

A

Pelvis rotated to one side, resulting in the spine, trunk, and thighs moving to the opposite side

75
Q

An OTR® is working with a client who has just had a total hip replacement using an anterolateral approach. Which type of equipment is MOST important for maintaining appropriate hip precautions?

A

Abductor wedge

76
Q

What is the first step in eccentric viewing techniques?

A

increasing the client’s awareness of the central scotoma, or blind spot

77
Q

An OTR® is performing upper-extremity activities with a client experiencing left hemiparesis. The OTR® notes a decrease in ROM in the left upper extremity. What factors BEST describe this decrease in ROM?

A

EDEMA, JOINT CONTRACTURE, WEAKNESS

78
Q

An OTR® is evaluating a client with Parkinson’s disease who lives at home but has begun to have mobility challenges. Which intervention is BEST to facilitate lifestyle changes to improve safety?

A

Rhythmic beat technique to facilitate mobility

Rationales OT (13 decks)

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