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Term 2 MD > NB 3 Block > Flashcards

NB 3 Block Flashcards

1
Q

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome in Humans

A

Lesions to the Limbic System:
-Bilateral Glioma
-Head Trauma
-Status epilepticus
-Herpes simplex encephalitis
-Post epilepsy surgery

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2
Q

Sedative-related (sedatives/hypnotics/anxiolytics [anxiety-reducing]) drugs

A

Class of Drug:
-Benzodiazepines
-Sleep-promoting non-benzodiazepines
-Barbiturates
-Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs)
-Other sedatives

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3
Q

Diazepam, Alprazolam, Temazepam, Clonazepam, Lorazepam, Chlordiazepoxide

A

Benzodiazepines

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4
Q

Sleep-promoting non-benzodiazepines

A

Zolpidem

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5
Q

Phenobarbital, secobarbital

A

Barbiturates

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6
Q

Daridorexant (for insomnia)

A

Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs)

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7
Q

Sodium Oxybate

A

Other Sedatives

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8
Q

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram

A

Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

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9
Q

Antidepressants

A

-Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

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10
Q

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

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11
Q

Venlafaxine, duloxetine

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)

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12
Q

Imipramine, amitriptyline, clomipramine

A

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

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13
Q

Phenelzine, selegiline

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

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14
Q

Mood Stabilizers

A

Class of Drug: Mood stabilizers

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15
Q

Lithium, valproate (anticonvulsant); carbamazepine (anticonvulsant); olanzapine (atypical antipsychotic); quetiapine (atypical antipsychotic)

A

Mood stabilizers

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16
Q

Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)

A

Class of Drug:
-Traditional (first generation)
-Atypical (second generation)

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17
Q

Chlorpromazine, haloperidol

A

Traditional (first generation)

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18
Q

Clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, brexpiprazole, lurasidone

A

Atypical (second generation)

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19
Q

Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

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20
Q

Memantine

A

NMDA receptor blockers

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21
Q

Lecanemab

A

Monoclonal antibodies (MAB)

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22
Q

Drugs used to treat Alzheimer’s Disease

A

Class of Drug:
-Cholinesterase inhibitors
-NMDA receptor blockers
-Monoclonal Antibodies (MAB)

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23
Q

Stimulants and Stimulant-Like Drugs

A

Class of Drug:
-Stimulants
-Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs)
-Wake promoting drugs

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24
Q

Methylphenidate, amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, MDMA (Ecstasy)

A

Stimulants

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25
Q

Atomoxetine, viloxazine

A

Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs)

26
Q

Modafinil

A

Wake promoting drugs

27
Q

Opioids (class of drug)

A

Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, oxycodone, fentanyl, methadone

28
Q

Hallucinogens and Related Drugs

A

Class of Drug:
-Hallucinogens
-Cannabis
-Dissociative anesthetics

29
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, psilocybin

30
Q

Marijuana, hashish

A

Cannabis

31
Q

Phencyclidine (PCP), ketamine, esketamine

A

Dissociative anesthetics

32
Q

Treatment of Substance-Related Disorders

A

Class of Drug:
-Alcohol use disorder
-Benzodiazepine overdose
-Nicotine use disorder
-Opioid overdose
-Opioid use disorder-abstinence therapy
-Opioid use disorder–replacement therapy

33
Q

Naltrexone (as above), disulfiram, acamprosate

A

Treatment for alcohol use disorder

34
Q

Flumazenil (GABA antagonist)

A

Treatment for Benzodiazepine overdose

35
Q

Flumazenil (GABA antagonist)

A

Treatment for Benzodiazepine overdose

36
Q

Treatment for Nicotine use disorder

A

Varenicline, bupropion

37
Q

Treatment for Opioid overdose

A

Naloxone

38
Q

Treatment for opioid use disorder-abstinence therapy

A

Naltrexone

39
Q

Treatment for Methadone, buprenorphine

A

Opioid use disorder-replacement therapy

40
Q

Respiratory stimulants

A

Acetazolamide (for central sleep apnea)

41
Q

Anti-androgens

A

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (for paraphilias)

42
Q

Beta-blockers

A

Propranolol (for acute symptoms related to anxiety)

43
Q

Lesion to the Prefrontal (Phineas Gage, trans-orbital lobotomies)

A

-Emotional disinhibition
-Emotional flattening, increased docility
-Decreased goal-oriented behavior

44
Q

Brain Region responsible for fear response

A

the amygdala

45
Q

The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (PFC) is responsible for:

A

Down-regulation of fear/extinction learning

46
Q

The orbitofrontal cortex is responsible for:

A

long term fear memory

47
Q

The amygdala is responsible for

A

fear learning

48
Q

Prefrontal Cortex is responsible for

A

Inhibition

49
Q

Paramnesia

A

Involves distorted memory or confusions of fact and fantasy, such as in confabulation or deja vu

50
Q

Paraphasic

A

Mistakes in lexical access such as expressing the word “pen” instead of “pencil”

51
Q

Phonemic paraphasia

A

Expressing the word “eletump” instead of “elephant”

52
Q

Loquacious

A

Very talkative–typically found in Wwernicke’s aphasia

53
Q

Dysarthric

A

Abnormalities in speech articulation, due to impaired control of muscles of vocalization

54
Q

Transcortical aphasia

A

Fluent but abnormal speech in the context of normal repetition

55
Q

Which of the following best describes the harm risk and medical usefulness of cannabis per federal regulations?

A

High harm risk and no safe and accepted uses in medicine

56
Q

An approved smoking cessation drug with possible side effects of unpredictable and erratic behaviors–drug most likely prescribed:

A

Varenicline

57
Q

Lethargic

A

Patient can be fully aroused

58
Q

Obtunded

A

Patient cannot be fully aroused

59
Q

Stuporous

A

Sleep-like status

60
Q

Comatose

A

No purposeful response to stimuli

61
Q

A 35 y/o man is brought to the ED b/c of injuries incurred during a MVC. The man is unconscious. Which of the following breathing patterns is most likely linked to a grave outcome?
A. Tidal Breathing
B. Hypoventilation
C. Neurogenic Hyperventilation
D. Ataxic Breathing
E. Cheyne-stokes breathing

A

D. Ataxic breathing

62
Q
A

Term 2 MD (15 decks)

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