Nazi Germany Flashcards
Mein kampf
during his time in prison Hitler wrote a book
the munich putsch
on 8 november 1923 in a beer hall in munich where Gustav von Kahr, the head of the bavarian government was speaking and Hitler shot a bullet into the ceiling and announced that he was taking over bavaria and then march into the capital and take over the country. Locked Kahr and his companons into a small room. General Ludendorff a great german war hero walked in and said he supported hitler. Around munich hitler’s stormtroopers took control of government bildings
what went wrong with the munich putsch?
morning after kahr pretend to cooperate with hitler ans secretly made a phone call to the police resulting in a gun battle between nazis and police 16 nazis killed and hitler had a dislocated shoulder and was arrested and put on trial for treason.
Nazi key election results
1928:12
1930:107
july 1932: 230
november 1932:196
Why was hitler able to become chancellor in 1933?
- the impact of the depression
-germany still paying reparations
- 1929 depression hit USA. US recalled back germanies loans
- weimar politicians could not agree on how to fix problems
- hitler promised decisive action + getting rid of treaty of Versailles
Why was hitler able to become chancellor in 1933?
- the actions of a small group of weimar politicians
- after Jul 1932 elections Hitler demanded chancellor, Hindenburg refused Von Papen stayed.
- Von Papen called an election Hitler won however Hindenburg made von schleicher chancellor
- within month schleicher resigns Hindenburg meets with army leaders, politicians ect
- 30 jan 1933 Hitler becomes chancellor
Why was hitler able to become chancellor in 1933?
- Communist threat
- communist fought street battles with the poice
- bussiness owners and industrialists feared communism
Why was hitler able to become chancellor in 1933?
- Disillusionment with democracy
- 1930 Bruning followed tough economic policy so spd pulled out
- unemployment reached 6 mil
- divided reichstag
- since 1929 average German income fell by 40%
- Hindenburg had to use article 48 to pass laws
Why was hitler able to become chancellor in 1933?
- Nazi campaign methods
-modern and effective
- return to traditional values + blamed jews, communists, Treaty + weimar politicians
- used film, radio and mass rallies
- SA seemed disciplined
- stood for president in 1933 gained 13 mil votes (Hindenburg 19 mil)
Why was hitler able to become chancellor in 1933?
- Impact of the depression
- Nazi campaign methods
- Disolussionment with democracy
- communist threat
-actions of a small group of weimar politicians
How were the nazis able to destroy Weimar democracy between 1932 and 1933?
- no experience in government
the nazi inexperience actually became an asset - the experienced politicians were seen to be failing
How were the nazis able to destroy Weimar democracy between 1932 and 1933?
- a reputation for rowdy and undisciplined
the SA cultivated an image of order and discipline - they were confronted by communist and socialist groups on the streets and so violence could be seen as provoked, necassary, even admirable.
How were the nazis able to destroy Weimar democracy between 1932 and 1933?
- a leader who was not obviously “prime minister material”
a) They focosed on Hitlers core strengths, charisma, “understanding” Germans.
b) Hitler was appointed Chancellor, with von Papen as vice chancellor pulling strings in theory
How were the nazis able to destroy Weimar democracy between 1932 and 1933?
- expressed their contempt for democracy
The nazi’s in many peoples eyes were proved to be right they dispised democracy becuase democracy was useless
How were the nazis able to destroy Weimar democracy between 1932 and 1933?
- brilliant propaganda
Goebbels campaigns made sure that the Nazi image was widely seen and heard and this maximised vote in 1932 elections.
