Nazi 1.3

Question 1

What was the Nazis economic aim?

Answer 1

to have economic recovery as quick a possible. they didn’t have to worry about reparations because Bruning said at the Lausanne conference that it was impossible to pay due to the depression

Question 2

When did the Nazis announce their first 4 year plan?

Answer 2

1 jan 1933
the aim was to achieve autarky
unemployment and agriculture were key targets

Question 3

What did the nazis do to tackle unemployment?

Answer 3

jews weren’t allowed in civil service and women weren’t allowed to work. Nazis created work and told businesses to do the same.

Question 4

What 2 employment schemes did the nazis introduce?

Answer 4

1. Reich labour service- for the unemployed, provided manual work for less pay, basic food and accommodation
2. Road building schemes: increased car manufacture, improved communications and helped move raw materials efficiently

Question 5

how did the nazis manage agriculture for their desire of autarky?

Answer 5

Hugenberg: increased tariffs to make german produce cheaper, made margarine manufactures put butter in margarine- he resigned
Darre: set up Food Reich State to regulate produce, set prices and farm wages, created jobs for young women to work on farms

Question 6

Why were the agricultural policies disliked by some?

Answer 6

farmers didn’t want to be told what to produce and how much to sell it for (although it was successful)

Question 7

How did the nazis manage businesses and the workers?

Answer 7

big businesses like steel industry supported nazis, hitler liked smaller business as they supported him, owner of big shops didn’t. Union was a big issue- had a huge impact of productivity (strikes and lockouts)

Question 8

What was the DAF?

Answer 8

German labour front- this was the only union- it made it easier for bigger businesses to exploit more workers as they could set their own working conditions

Question 9

What did the Nazis do for workers?

Answer 9

1 may 1933, the nazis made a traditional socialist workers festival- a holiday

Question 10

What was the 1935-36 crisis?

Answer 10

Trade was improving significantly with Schacht’s trade policies. however now countries wanted cash for goods not exchange of goods- this was a problem as Germany was not fully self sufficient- they had to choose between food or raw material imports

Question 11

What is a command economy?

Answer 11

where the state decides what and how much to produce

Question 12

Why did the Nazis want to create a command economy?

Answer 12

from the start, they wanted state control over the industry and agriculture as they rebuilt the economy

Question 13

How long did the first 4 year plan run for?

Answer 13

3 years till 1936

Question 14

What was the second 4 year plan?

Answer 14

this new plan had a tight focus on autarky and preparing for war. Goering was in charge

Question 15

what was the ‘Guns or Butter’ issue?

Answer 15

there was a conflict between the need for rearmament and the need for food and necessities. hitler said rearmament was the most important concern therefore the nazis used propaganda to educate people to eat less so they can rearm

Question 16

What was the situation like in 1939?

Answer 16

Although Germany had tight control over the economy, they were nowhere near ready for war because they couldn’t solely focus on war production. Shift to command economy made nazis unpopular with some groups like industrialists

Question 17

What were the living standards like?

Answer 17

severely divided between pure germans and ethnic minorities

Question 18

What was the T4 campaign?

Answer 18

1939
to get rid of disabled children. mentally ill and chronically sick. parents were offered to send kids to special clinics where they were killed.

Question 19

What was the Hashude?

Answer 19

a reeducation centre for families who failed to pay rent, keep job or were alcoholic- people would got there for a year

Question 20

Did living standards improve for the ordinary worker?

Answer 20

yes, unemployment dropped and real wages rose. strength through joy programmes provided extra loans, food and meds

Question 21

what was the Nazis take on social welfare?

Answer 21

they had a few programmes for the mother, child and needy, there was a yearly winter aid programmes which distributed food, clothing parcels and ran soup kitchens

Question 22

Were the nazis prepared for war?

Answer 22

they were more prepared than Britain and France but not as much as hitler wanted, war production wasn’t managed properly, nazis were given more power over the skilled people

Question 23

Who was Fritz Todt and what did he do?

Answer 23

in 1940, hitler made him minister of armament and munitions with the task of organising the industry to make full production. he said for his plan to work he needed centralised control but no-one listened so hitler did it himself,

Question 24

who was Albert Speer and what did he do?

Answer 24

He was Todts replacement. he said the same thing as Todt. as a result production becomes mechanised and it was increased rapidly

Question 25

What happened in 1945 right after the war?

Answer 25

economy was overstretched, this leftest to food shortages, thriving black markets etc