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ET1 SEP EXAM 2018 > NAVEDTRA 14185A, NAVY ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS TRAINING SERIES, MODULE 13-NUMBER SYSTEMS AND LOGIC CIRCUITS > Flashcards

NAVEDTRA 14185A, NAVY ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS TRAINING SERIES, MODULE 13-NUMBER SYSTEMS AND LOGIC CIRCUITS Flashcards

1
Q

What was one of the earliest known calculators that was developed by the Chinese?

A

Abacus

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2
Q

Which year did Blaise Pascal invent the first adding machine?

A

1642

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3
Q

Which part of the number system tells you the number of symbols that are used in the system?

A

Base

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4
Q

Which system is the value of a number defined not only by the symbol but by the symbol’s position?

A

Positional notation

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5
Q

What is the number of times a base is multiplied by itself referred to as?

A

Power

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6
Q

What is the power called when it is written above and to the right of the base?

A

Exponent

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7
Q

Which symbol represents one, or more, complete objects?

A

Whole number

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8
Q

Which type of number is a symbol representing a portion of an object?

A

Fractional

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9
Q

Which type of number represents on, or more, complete objects, and some portion of an object?

A

Mixed

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10
Q

What is the division between whole numbers and fractional numbers referred to as when you use any base other than the decimal system?

A

Radix point

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11
Q

Which digit in a number has the greatest effect on that number?

A

Most significant digit

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12
Q

Which form of counting is where one quantity is added to another?

A

Addition

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13
Q

What is the quantity called to which an addend is added?

A

Augend

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14
Q

What is produced when the sum of two or more digits in a vertical column equals or exceeds the base of the number system in use?

A

Carry

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15
Q

What is the number called from which another number is subtracted?

A

Minuend

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16
Q

What is the simplest possible number system?

A

Binary

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17
Q

What is something used to complete something else called?

A

Complement

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18
Q

How many binary digits is one octal digit the equivalent value of?

A

Three

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19
Q

Which system uses 16 symbols?

A

Hex

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20
Q

What do computer systems use to convert decimal numbers to binary numbers?

A

Additional circuitry

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21
Q

Which number is a dividend divided by called?

A

Divisor

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22
Q

What is the number called resulting from the division of one number by another?

A

Quotient

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23
Q

Which method is the conversion of a decimal number to its 8 base equivalent done?

A

Repeated division

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24
Q

What is the best method for the conversion of octal numbers to decimal?

A

Positional notation

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25
Q

Which two purposes was the microprocessor designed for?

A

Data processing and control

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26
Q

What are the series of electrical pulses called that computers and microprocessors both operate on?

A

Words

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27
Q

What is defined as the science of reasoning?

A

Logic

28
Q

Which type of voltage is used to represent the logic 1 state of a statement?

A

Logic polarity

29
Q

What will be used to illustrate all possible input and corresponding output combinations?

A

Truth table

30
Q

What are the “decision-making” circuits of computers and other types of digital equipment?

A

Logic gates

31
Q

Which type of logic gate is a logic circuit that requires all inputs to be TRUE at the same time in order for the output to be TRUE?

A

And

32
Q

Which type of logic device has an output opposuite of the input?

A

Inverter

33
Q

Which gate is simply an AND gate with an inverter (NOT gate) at the output?

A

NAND

34
Q

Who developed Boolean Algebra?

A

George Boole

35
Q

What is a description of the input conditions necessary to get the desired output?

A

Boolean expression

36
Q

What is a term that is TRUE in one part of an expression will be TRUE in all other parts of the expression?

A

Law of identity

37
Q

Which law is defined as the order in which terms are written does not affect their value (AB=BA, A+B=B+A)?

A

Commutative law

38
Q

What is an example of Associative law?

A

A(BC)=ABC or A+(B+C) = A+B+C

39
Q

What is an example of idempotent law?

A

AA=A, A+A=A

40
Q

What is an example of the law of intersection?

A

0(A1=A, A0=0)

41
Q

What is an example of the law of union?

A

(A+1=1, A+0 =A)

42
Q

What is an example of distributive law?

A

A+(BC) = (A+B) * (A+C)

43
Q

What is an example of the law of absorption?

A

A*(A+B) =A or A+(AB)=A

44
Q

Which gate is modified OR gate that produces a HIGH output when only one of the inputs is HIGH?

A

Exclusive OR

45
Q

What are combinations of logic gates that combine binary values to obtain a sum?

A

Adders

46
Q

Which circuit can add two binary digits but will not produce a carry?

A

Quarter adder

47
Q

What is designed to combine two binary digits and produce a carry?

A

Half adder

48
Q

Subtraction is accomplished in computers by the R’s complement and what other method?

A

ADD

49
Q

What may be used to store data temporarily, to multiply or divide, to count operations, or to receive and transfer information?

A

Flip-flops

50
Q

Which type of bistable device changes state on command from a common input terminal?

A

Toggle

51
Q

What is the most widely used FF because of its versatility?

A

J-K FF

52
Q

What is a timing signal generated by the equipment to control operations?

A

Clock

53
Q

The frequency stability of the astable multivibrator can be increased by applying what to the circuit?

A

Trigger pulse

54
Q

What allow functions involving more than one operation to be completed during a single clock cycle?

A

Multiphase clocks

55
Q

What do most modern high-speed equipment use as the basis for their timing networks?

A

Crystal-controlled oscillators

56
Q

What is the total number of counts or stable states a counter can indicate called?

A

Modulus

57
Q

Which term is used to describe the count capability of counters?

A

Modulo

58
Q

Which term means that the events (setting and resetting of FFs) occur one after the other rather than all at once?

A

Asynchronous

59
Q

High-frequency operations require that all FFs of a counter be triggered at the same time to prevent errors. Which type of counter is used for this type of operation?

A

Synchronous

60
Q

What is defined as a loop of bistable devices (flip-flops) interconnected in such a manner that only one of the devices may be in a specified state at one time?

A

Ring counter

61
Q

Which type of temporary storage device is used to store data, memory addresses, and operation codes?

A

Register

62
Q

Which type of register can the contents be shifted one or more places to the left or right?

A

Shift register

63
Q

Which term means that the data is moved along a single line one bit at a time?

A

Serial transfer

64
Q

Which term means that each bit of data is moved on its own line and that all bits transfer simultaneously?

A

Parallel transfer

65
Q

Which term means to change the magnitude of a number?

A

Scaling

66
Q

What are groups of logic circuits that are based on particular types of elements (resistors, transistors, and so forth)?

A

Logic families

67
Q

What is the feature known as when the output of one logic circuit can be used as the input to another logic circuit?

A

Compatibility

ET1 SEP EXAM 2018 (28 decks)

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