Nature Vs Nurture Flashcards
What is the debate of nature based from
Philosophical view of nativism which was first discussed by Rene discartle as human characteristics are all innate behaviours thoughts nd emotions are inherited by our parents and already exist at the time of birth
What do psychologist believe today about nature
Genetics come from parents and that there is not much we can learn from our environment all our knowledge our abilities manifest themselves as we biologically mature and our genes express them
Where does tabula rasa originate from
Tabula rasa means born as a blank slate in which our environment impact us and go on to shape us it comes
Where does nurture based on
philiosophical ideas of empiricism that Experience can only be gained from our sense and so our genes have no impact on the behaviour we adopt later
qhat does bandura say
we have a recipricol relationship with our enviroment and heritary factors play no role
why do many psychologist sit on the fence
they belief that both sides of the debate they believe sometimes it is better to adopt a nature approach and in some cases it is better to adopt a nuture approach therfore it is sometimes better to condisde interatcionist explanations
supporting evidence for nature
there are family twin and adoption studies to show that the closer two individuals genetically the more likely both of them will develop the same behaviours
what is the evidence for nature
concordance rate for schizophrenia is about 40% and 7 % fo dz twins this suggests that as the proportion of shared genes increase, gentic similarity increases whilst comparing dz( 50%) to mz twins 100%. we find that the chance of both twins having schizophrenia also increases this suggests that gens play a large role in developing schizophrenia which increases the valiidty of the nature debat
what is the supporting wvidence for nurture
behaviourists assume that all behaviour can be explained in terms of experience alone. pavlov and skinner used the concepts of classical and operant conditioning to explain learning
what is the evidence for the nurture debate
behaviourist suggest that behaviours such as attatchments can be explained in terms of classical conditioning as associating mothers neutral stimulus with food unconditioned stimulus lead to a conditioned response of formation of attatchment this shows that evolutionary doesnt play a role in behaviour increasing the validity of the nurture debate
is nurture more dominant than nature
research into neural plasticity demonstrates that our enviroment goes on to shape our biological make up , for example using a structural mri scan maguire et al found that taxi drivers had a large hippocampul grey volume compaared to control subjects since the hippocampus is responsible for spatial representation of the enviroment it can be deducted that theor time as a taxi driver and learning directions has enhanced the structure of the hippocampus
what does that suggest about nurture on our brain structure
this suggest that through nurture it can impact our brain structure thus demonstrating that nurture may be a dominating force as nurture can shape our nature thus decreasing the validity of nature.
reserach considers that pure nature or pure nurture can be considered incomplete
research into epigentics suggest thet there is change in our genetic activity without changing our genetic code. it is a process which occurs during life and it is caused by the interaction with the enviroment while genes have an influence in behaviour enviroment has has an affect on them too
what did brian dias and kerry ressler do
they gave male mice an electric shocks every time they were exposed to a smell of acetophene, perfume. they found that the rats offsprings also feared the smell even thoughthey had not been exposed to the perfume nor recieve any shocks so did the offspring offsprings
this shows that even though experiences can affect our genetic activity ultimately behaviour is passed on to the offspring through genes, which is nature therfore demonstrating that interactionist approach is a better explanation
what is the further explanation of the need for interactionist approach
models of mental illness which emphasize interatcion between nature and nurture tend to be the most persuasive the diathesis stress model suggest that psychopathology is caused bi biological and gentic vulnerability which is only expressed when coupled woth a biological or enviromntal trigger.
