Nature of Seedless and Seed Plants Flashcards
define bryophytes
seedless non-vascular plants
define seedless plants
plants which reproduce by spores rather than seeds
ex: ferns
define angiosperms
flower producing plant
define gymnosperm
naked seed
-seeds are exposed on the scales of the female pine cones to the environment
define gametophyte
the plant form that produces sperm and eggs
define sporophyte
a larger diploid plant that arises from a diploid zygote that is formed by the fusion of haploid gametes to the archegonium
define haploid
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes
define diploid
containing two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent
define alternation of generations
the observation of a gametophyte as it proceeds to produce haploid gametes that fuse to form a diploid sporophyte
Is the gametophyte haploid or diploid?
haploid
how many years ago did plants first appear on the fossil record?
475 million years ago
Is the spore haploid or diploid?
haploid
the gametophyte differentiates into
antheridium (male) and archegonium (female)
Is the antheridium haploid or diploid?
haploid
Is the archegonium haploid or diploid?
haploid
The _____ grows inside the ______.
sporophyte
archegonium
The sporophyte forms
sori/sorus
The sori/sorus produces
spores for next generation
gametophytes of seed-producing plants develop gametes in the form of
pollen and ovules in the ovaries
What is preformed in the diploid embryo sporophyte of a seed-producing plant?
the diploid embryos
what serves as food for the embryo sporophyte?
triploid set of tissues
gymnosperm division are
the evergreen trees
the microspore multiples by _____ ______ to produce ______ that contains a ______________ and ____________.
mitotic division
pollen
pollen tube nucleus
2 sperm nuclei
the megaspore divides by ______ to produce the ____ ________ that contains one _______________ and _______________.
mitosis
female gametophyte
1 haploid egg cell
2 haploid polar nuclei
What produces the endosperm?
the triploid endosperm nucleus
What is the endosperm?
food for the cotyledons of the seed
Examples of monocots
grasses sorghum bamboo sugarcane iris tulips daffodils crocus lilies
Examples of dicots
forb weeds
vegetables - beans, peppers, tomatoes
shrubs
trees - fruit, nut, hardwoods