Evolutionary Adaptations and Animal Diversity Flashcards
define evolutionary adaptations
the result of a gradual accumulation of small changes over many generations
what was one of the environmental factors that organisms on land had to contend with that organisms on water did not?
gravity
define taxonomy
branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying diverse forms of life
a scientific name is composed of
a Genus and species
ALL genus and species epithet names must be either ______ or _____ and the genus name must be _______.
- underlined
- italicized
- capitalized
a taxonomic key is aka
a dichotomous key
define a taxonomic key
a key used to identify organisms
dorsal is…
back
ventral is
belly side
anterior is
toward the head
posterior is
toward the tail
define symmetry in biology
the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes
define bilateral symmetry
arrangement of body parts of an animal such that 1 plane divides the animal into 2 parts
define radial symmetry
the arrangement of the body of an animal in which parts are arranged symmetrically around a central axis
segmentation is aka
metamerism
define segmentation
the arrangement of similar body units repeated in a linear order
define skeleton
supports and protects soft tissues and serves as leverage for the movement of the body by the muscles
define paired appendages
extensions from the main axis of the body
paired appendages in
-fish
-birds
-grasshopper
-earthworm
-clam
-sea anemone
-starfish
-frog
jellyfish
- 2 (pectoral and gill fins)
- 2
- 4 (wings, back-middle-front legs)
- 0
- 0
- -
- 2
- 2
- infinity
define an endoskeleton
internal skeleton
define exoskeleton
external skeleton
muscles in relation to the endoskeleton are..
around the bones
muscles in relation to the exoskeleton are…
inside the bones
ALL insects have…
exoskeletons
define species
group of organisms that can reproduce and create fertile offspring
