Evolutionary Adaptations and Animal Diversity

Question 1

define evolutionary adaptations

Answer 1

the result of a gradual accumulation of small changes over many generations

Question 2

what was one of the environmental factors that organisms on land had to contend with that organisms on water did not?

Answer 2

gravity

Question 3

define taxonomy

Answer 3

branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying diverse forms of life

Question 4

a scientific name is composed of

Answer 4

a Genus and species

Question 5

ALL genus and species epithet names must be either ______ or _____ and the genus name must be _______.

Answer 5

• underlined
• italicized
• capitalized

Question 6

a taxonomic key is aka

Answer 6

a dichotomous key

Question 7

define a taxonomic key

Answer 7

a key used to identify organisms

Question 8

dorsal is…

Answer 8

back

Question 9

ventral is

Answer 9

belly side

Question 10

anterior is

Answer 10

toward the head

Question 11

posterior is

Answer 11

toward the tail

Question 12

define symmetry in biology

Answer 12

the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes

Question 13

define bilateral symmetry

Answer 13

arrangement of body parts of an animal such that 1 plane divides the animal into 2 parts

Question 14

define radial symmetry

Answer 14

the arrangement of the body of an animal in which parts are arranged symmetrically around a central axis

Question 15

segmentation is aka

Answer 15

metamerism

Question 16

define segmentation

Answer 16

the arrangement of similar body units repeated in a linear order

Question 17

define skeleton

Answer 17

supports and protects soft tissues and serves as leverage for the movement of the body by the muscles

Question 18

define paired appendages

Answer 18

extensions from the main axis of the body

Question 19

paired appendages in

-fish
-birds
-grasshopper
-earthworm
-clam
-sea anemone
-starfish
-frog
jellyfish

Answer 19

• 2 (pectoral and gill fins)
• 2
• 4 (wings, back-middle-front legs)
• 0
• 0
• -
• 2
• 2
• infinity

Question 20

define an endoskeleton

Answer 20

internal skeleton

Question 21

define exoskeleton

Answer 21

external skeleton

Question 22

muscles in relation to the endoskeleton are..

Answer 22

around the bones

Question 23

muscles in relation to the exoskeleton are…

Answer 23

inside the bones

Question 24

ALL insects have…

Answer 24

exoskeletons

Question 25

define species

Answer 25

group of organisms that can reproduce and create fertile offspring