natural selection

Question 1

who wrote the theory of natural selection 150 years ago?

Answer 1

Charles Darwin

Question 2

what is the theory of natural selection?

Answer 2

if an organism is better adapted to its environment it is more likely to survive for its following generations to exist and also has the same ‘better’ adaptations

Question 3

Did Darwin know how the genes were created and passed on?

Answer 3

no

Question 4

how are the genes passed on and created?

Answer 4

genes in the nucleus of the cells create the characteristics of the ‘better’ adapted organism and are then passed on by gametes in sexual reproduction

Question 5

sum up natural selection as a process?

Answer 5

• within a species there is variation
• organisms produce far more young than will survive
• only the best adapted will survive (this is called survival of the fittest)
• those that survive will be able to pass on their genes to the next generation

Question 6

what will happen over time to the adapting species?

Answer 6

it will change and may even create a new species

Question 7

what is needed to happen to create a new species?

Answer 7

• different groups of the species cannot interbreed for a long time
  - this might happen because they are in different . areas, this is called geographical isolation
• the groups have to adapt differently over a length of time so that they have different characteristics and are no longer the same species

Question 8

why is natural selection so hard to study?

Answer 8

because it can take thousands of years to have an effect

Question 9

does it always take a long time?

Answer 9

no some examples of short time frame examples such as bacteria

Question 10

does it always take a long time?

Answer 10

no some examples of short time frame examples such as bacteria

Question 11

why does bacteria have a short time frame to see the effects on natural selection

Answer 11

because on average it takes 15-20 minutes for a bacteria to reproduce so you can get 3-4 generations in an hour. within a day you can have 96 generations and this is enough to see the effects on natural selection

Question 12

why is bacteria’s short time frame for the effects on natural selection to take place dangerous for us?

Answer 12

because they adapt to resist the antibiotics quickly meaning that antibiotics stop working

Question 13

how can you prevent the bacteria from surviving to resist antibiotics?

Answer 13

by finishing the course of antibiotics the doctor has given you so that the strongest ones are destroyed as well as the weak, meaning there’s none surviving to resist the antibiotics

Question 14

how can you prevent the bacteria from surviving to resist antibiotics?

Answer 14

by finishing the course of antibiotics the doctor has given you so that the strongest ones are destroyed as well as the weak, meaning there’s none surviving to resist the antibiotics

Question 15

why did some people disagree with Darwin’s theory when he first wrote it?

Answer 15

he had no proof

most people thought god had created all the animals

Question 16

why did some people disagree with Darwin’s theory when he first wrote it?

Answer 16

he had no proof

most people thought god had created all the animals

Question 17

why do we know Darwin was right?

Answer 17

because there is proof and reasoning behind it. And ts been tested by lots of bacteria

Question 18

what was Jean Baptiste de Lamarck’s theory of evolution?

Answer 18

the law of acquired characteristics, meaning that if an animal needed to adapt it would acquire the charcteristic