Natural Selection Flashcards
Who is Charles Darwin?
the man who made the theory of evolution.
What is Darwin’s theory of evolution?
natural selection
What is natural selection?
whereby the best-adapted individuals survive longer, have more offspring and thereby spread their characteristics. Sometimes referred to as ‘survival of the fittest’.
What is Antibiotic resistance?
Some bacteria might become resistant to certain antibiotics and cannot be destroyed by the antibiotic
What are the main stages of developing resistance?
1.random mutation occur in the genes of individual bacterial cells
2.some mutations protect the bacterial cell from the effects of the antibiotic
3.bacteria without the mutation die or cannot reproduce when the antibiotic is present
How can we reduce the rate of antibiotic development?
- doctors should not prescribe antibiotics inappropriately, such as for the treatment of non-serious infections
- patients should always complete the full course of antibiotics to ensure all bacteria are killed and none survive
How are fossils made?
preserved remains of a dead organism from millions of years ago.
What is an organism?
Living entity
How are tools evidence for human evolution?
The more advanced they are it shows how old they are such as flint hand axes and arrowheads
What is the Linnaean system of classification?
Living organisms are classified into groups depending on their structure and characteristics.
What are the kingdoms of the Linnaean system
animals
plants
fungi
protists
prokaryotes
What are apart of the animals kingdoms?
all multicellular animals
What are apart of the plants kingdom?
all green plants
What are apart of the fungi kingdom?
moulds, mushrooms, yeast
What are apart of the protist kingdom?
amoeba, chlorella and plasmodium
What are apart of the prokaryotes kingdom?
bacteria, blue-green algae
What are further divisions in the Linnaean system?
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
What are the classes of the Linnaean system?
mammals
birds
amphibians
fish
reptiles
What is the order of the Linnaean System?
Carnivores
Primates
What are phylums of the Linnaean System?
A taxonomic rank between kingdom and class
What is the three-domain system?
- Primitive bacteria (Archaea)
- True bacteria (Bacteria)
- Eukaryotic (fungi)
What is primitive bacteria?
These cells usually live in extreme environments. They have unused sections of genes
What is true bacteria?
Bacteria cells have no nucleus and no unused sections of genes.
What is the Eukaryota?
These have a nucleus and have unused sections of genes.
