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biology > Ecosystem > Flashcards

Ecosystem Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a Ecosystem?

A

interaction of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors

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2
Q

What is a habitat?

A

the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism

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3
Q

What is a community?

A

an interacting group of various species in a common location

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4
Q

What is a population?

A

species that live in a specific area and are capable of breeding among themselves

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5
Q

What does independent mean?

A

free from outside control not subject to another’s authority

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6
Q

What does biotic mean?

A

relating to or resulting from living organisms

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7
Q

What does abiotic?

A

not derived from living organisms

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8
Q

What is reforestation?

A

Planting new trees and sowing seeds

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9
Q

What is fish farming?

A

Where fish are raised in enclosures to be sold as food

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10
Q

What is conservation?

A

protecting species from extinction.

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11
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Variation on species

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12
Q

What are the levels of organisation within an ecosystem?

A

producer
primary consumer
secondary consumer
tertiary consumer

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13
Q

What is the function producers?

A

plants and algae, which photosynthesise.

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14
Q

What is the function of primary consumer?

A

herbivores, which eat producers.

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15
Q

What are the function of secondary consumers?

A

carnivores, which eat primary consumers

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16
Q

what are abiotic features?

A

temperature
light
water
pollution

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17
Q

What can be done to reforest?

A

planting trees

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18
Q

What is biodiversity?

A
  • Variety on Earth
  • Variation within species
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19
Q

What is the carbon cycle?

A

describes how carbon moves between the atmosphere, soils, living creatures, the ocean, and human sources.

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20
Q

What is fish farming?

A

causes problems because so many live in a small space

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21
Q

What happens to the oxygen levels during eutrophication?

A

Decomposers use up oxygen while feeding on dead plants

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22
Q
A
23
Q

What is a quadrat?

A

a square frame divided into smaller squares

24
Q

What is a predator?

A

an animal that hunts and kills other animals for food

25
Q

Where do carnivores get the nitrogen they need to survive?

A

by eating and digesting the bodies of other animals

26
Q

What is tank farming?

A

raising fish in controlled environments

27
Q

How do fish farms control diseases?

A

using pesticides

28
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

the variety of all different species of organisms

29
Q

What is the purpose of transects?

A

observe and record changes in species distribution

30
Q

What is deforestation?

A

cutting down of trees

31
Q

What is a population?

A

all the organisms of a particular species in the same habitat

32
Q

Why is sampling used?

A

draw conclusions without using time and effort

33
Q

What are primary consumers?

A

organisms that eat producers.

34
Q

What is a habitat?

A

the place where an organisms lives

35
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

living factors

36
Q

which process removes carbon from the atmosphere?

A

photosynthesis

37
Q

What is evaporation?

A

When liquid water becomes gaseous water

38
Q

What is the effect of pollution?

A

decreases biodiversity

39
Q

What are the 4 types of microorganisms involved int he nitrogen cycle?

A

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria
Decomposed
Denitrifying bacteria

40
Q

What 4 resources that plants compete for?

A

Light
Space
Water
Mineral ions

41
Q

What are two steps for nitrification?

A

conversions of ammonia
conversation of nitrates

42
Q

What are abiotic factors?

A

non-living factors

43
Q

What is precipitation?

A

liquid water falls from clouds as rain

44
Q

What is competition?

A

two or more organisms fighting over limited resources interaction between

45
Q

What is it called when nitrates are converted into atmospheric nitrogen?

A

Denitrification

46
Q

What are consumers?

A

consume other organisms

47
Q

What are tertiary consumers?

A

organisms eat secondary consumers

48
Q

What is ecology?

A

relationship between living organisms and their enviroment

49
Q

Where are nitrogen fixing bacteria found?

A

in the soil and in the roots of some plants

50
Q

What is condensation?

A

where gaseous water becomes liquid water in the clouds

51
Q

What is interdependence?

A

all organisms in an ecosystem depend upon one another

52
Q

What is a stable community?

A

where all the species are in balance

53
Q

What is assimilation?

A

plants use nitrates and ammonium ions to absorb the soil

54
Q

What is a food chain?

A

shows how energy passes from organism to organism

biology (9 decks)

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