Natural Selection Flashcards
Genetic engineering
is changing the genome of an organism, often by introducing genes from another to create genetically modified organisms
Reasons for selective breeding
disease resistance
faster growth
better flavour
disease resistance
Selective breeding
is when plants or animals with certain desirable characteristics are chosen to breed together
so that offspring will be produced
Archaea
mainly bacteria that live in very warm or salty conditions
Five-kingdom system
Plants
Animals
Fungi
Protists
Prokaryotes
Classification
Scientists used to classify living organisms
five big groups called kingdoms
kingdoms were plants, animals, Fungi, protists, Prokaryotes
Stones
Dates over 2.4 million years ago
over time, more complex tools were made
Homo erectus
height- 179cm
when existed- 1.8-0.5 million years ago
brain size- 850-1100cm 3
other details- long-distance walker, strong build
Homo Habilis
height- 130cm
when existed- 2.4-1.4 million years ago
brain size- 500-600cm 3
other details- flat face, simple stone tools
Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis)
height- 107cm
when existed- 3.2 million years ago
brain size- 400cm 3
walked upright
Ardi (Ardipithecus ramidus)
Height- 120 cm
brain size- 350cm 3
when existed- 4.4 million years ago
walked upright
Darwin’s theory
adults usually produce more young than the environment
some individuals have advantageous variations
these individuals will not produce young
Natural selection
where the environment selects which individuals pass on their alleles to the next generation
Theory of evolution in modern biology
it helps us understand the relationships between different species of organisms
it explains how new species evolve
Evolution
Charles Darwin developed a theory of evolution by means of natural selection. It is crucial in modern biology
