Key concepts Flashcards
higher temperatures
cause the active site to change shape
so it can’t hold the substrate as tightly
optimum temperature
the enzyme is working at it’s fastest rate
enzymes
are biological catalysts that control reactions
each enzyme is specific to its substrate
light microscope
uses light to magnify objects
greatest possible magnification is x 2000
Microscopes and Magnification
as microscope technology has developed, we have been able to see more of the structures of cells
ciliated epithelial cell
cilia
nucleus
Mitochondrion
sperm cell
Tall
acrosome
haploid nucleus
Egg cell
haploid nucleus
cell membrane
ribosomes
cytoplasm
cell wall (bacteria)
many bacteria have a cell wall
made of different substances to plant cell walls
ribosomes (2)
are tiny structures that make proteins
Plasmids
plasmids are present in Prokaryotes
these are small rings of DNA (also floating in the cytoplasm)
Bacterial cells
bacteria have a simple cell structure
these are small rings of DNA (also floating in the cytoplasm)
different type of cell
some plant and animal cells are specialised for different functions
bacteria have a different type of cell structure
ribosomes
where proteins are made
present in the cytoplasm
Mitochondria
tiny structures where respiration takes place
releasing energy for cell processes
