Health and Disease Flashcards
The immune system
The immune system helps to protect the body by attacking pathogens if they manage to enter the body
Chemical defences
Chemical defences are chemicals that are produced to kill or to make pathogens inactive
Physical barriers
Physical barriers make it hard for pathogens to enter inside the body
Ebola virus (2)
Causes haemorrhagic fever
the virus infects humans from other infected people (communicable disease)
multiplies inside the cells and destroys them
HIV (2)
Enters the blood and reproduces inside white blood cells, causing white blood cell destruction
Ebola
type of pathogen- virus
symptoms- muscle pain, vomiting, severe headache
HIV
type of pathogen - virus
symptoms- flu-like symptoms, repeated infections,
Malaria
type of pathogen- protist
main symptoms- fever, weakness, chills
cholera
type of pathogen- pathogen
symptoms- pale-coloured diarrhea
Virus (Pathogens)
Viruses take over a body cell’s DNA
which causes the cell to make new toxins
Bacterium (Pathogens)
bacteria may release toxins that make us feel unwell
some types of bacteria invade and destroy body cells
Pathogens
include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protists
When a few pathogens infect you they can reproduce very rapidly
Non-communicable diseases
number of cases gradually changes over time
cases may be more widely spread
e.g. cancer and heart disease
Communicable diseases
rapid variation in number of cases
cases are often localised
e.g. malaria and influenza
Types of diseases
diseases may be communicable (passed from one person to another)
diseases may be non-communicable (not passed between people)
