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Shaun > Natural Science > Flashcards

Natural Science Flashcards

Science

1
Q

Able to take in or soak up liquids

A

absorbent

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2
Q

Changes in a body over time to suit the environment

A

adaption

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3
Q

Two or more metals mixed together, or a metal mixed with a non-metal

A

alloy

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4
Q

an imaginary line passing through the centre of an object

A

axis

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5
Q

A rod attached to a wheel

A

axle

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6
Q

a source of stored energy that is made of one or more cells

A

battery

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7
Q

the variety of all the plants and animals on Earth

A

biodiversity

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8
Q

hard parts of the body, such as bones, that form fossils

A

body fossils

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9
Q

a property of an object whereby it breaks or chips easily

A

brittle

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10
Q

animals that only eat meat or other animals

A

carnivores

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11
Q

flexible, tough substance that cushions bones at the joint

A

cartilage

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12
Q

a product made from clay and limestone that becomes hard when mixed with water

A

cement

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13
Q

objects made from clay or sand

A

ceramics

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14
Q

large soil grains

A

coarse soil

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15
Q

to roll material into a spiral shape

A

coil

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16
Q

to mix or join together

A

combine

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17
Q

pressed tightly together

A

compacted

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18
Q

squeeze or push the parts of something together

A

compress

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19
Q

something you decide based on the results of an investigation

A

conclusion

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20
Q

a mixture of sand, gravel, cement and water

A

concrete

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21
Q

if something is able to carry heat or electricty, it can…

A

conduct

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22
Q

a metal breaking down is ….

A

corroding

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23
Q

hard, rocky layer on the surface of the Earth

A

crust

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24
Q

facts or information collected in an investigation

A

data

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25
Q

to break down into smaller parts

A

decompose

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26
Q

dropped or put down in a certain place

A

deposited

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27
Q

something that has mixed completely with water has….

A

dissolved

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28
Q

something that is able to be drawn into wires is…

A

ductile

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29
Q

something that will last for a long time is …

A

durable

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30
Q

materials that return quickly to their original shape after it has been bent or stretched

A

elastic

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31
Q

a system that provides a path for the transfer of electricity

A

an electrical circuit

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32
Q

the place where electricity from a substation is connected to the electrical circuits in a building

A

an electrical box

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33
Q

it changes the energy in chemicals into electricty

A

an electrochemical cell

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34
Q

skeleton found inside an animals body

A

endoskeleton

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35
Q

soil that has been washed away by water or blown away by wind

A

eroded soil

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36
Q

to look at what you have done and think of how to do it better next time

A

evaluate

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37
Q

a shell or hard covering on the outside of animals

A

endoskeleton

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38
Q

joining of male cells and female egg outside of the body

A

external fertilisation

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39
Q

When all the individuals of a type of plant or animal die out and no more are left

A

extinct

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40
Q

to put something out

A

extinguish

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41
Q

materials made from yarn or fibres by weaving or knitting

A

fabric

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42
Q

when we test everything in the same way

A

fair test

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43
Q

soil in which plants can grow well

A

fertile soil

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44
Q

when male cells in pollen join eggs in the female parts of a flower to form seeds

A

fertilisation

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45
Q

a material that is not easily damaged by fire

A

fire-resistant

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46
Q

a system in which the axle remains fixed while the wheels rotate around it

A

fixed axles

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47
Q

how easily a material bends

A

flexibility

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48
Q

the order in which animals eat plants and other animals to get energy

A

the food chain

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49
Q

the remains or signs of ancient plants and animals preserved in rocks

A

fossils

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50
Q

a substance or material that can be eaten or burned to produce energy

A

fuel

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51
Q

centre point

A

fulcrum

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52
Q

a machine that produces electricity

A

generator

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53
Q

begin to sprout or grow into a seedling

A

germinate

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54
Q

the natural home of plants or animals

A

habitat

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55
Q

a material that is not easily damaged by heat

A

heat resistant

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56
Q

animals that only eat plants

A

herbivores

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57
Q

part of the skeleton made up of hip bones that support the hind limbs

A

hip girdle

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58
Q

human beings and their fossil ancestors

A

homonids

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59
Q

dark material in the soil made up of the fully decomposed remains of plants and animals

A

humus

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60
Q

a good guess about what you think will happen in the investigation

A

hypothesis

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61
Q

plants and animals that have always lived in a certain area

A

indigenous

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62
Q

the energy that we put in to start a fuel burning

A

input energy

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63
Q

two or more things that depend on each other

A

interdependence

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64
Q

joining of male cells and female eggs inside the body

A

internal fertilisation

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65
Q

an animal that does not have a backbone made of bone

A

invertebrate

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66
Q

the place where two or more bones meet

A

joint

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67
Q

a furnace or oven that is used to process materials by burning, baking or drying them

A

kiln

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68
Q

stages through which a living thing passes during its life time

A

life cycle

69
Q

bands that connect bones to bone and strengthen the joint

A

ligaments

70
Q

a leg, arm or tail

A

limb

71
Q

a kind of sedimentary rock made from shells and bones of tiny sea animals

A

limestone

72
Q

able to be beaten or hammered into shapes

A

malleable

73
Q

parts of a machine that do specific jobs to make the machine work

A

mechanism

74
Q

an instrument that makes small things appear much bigger

A

microscope

75
Q

something that is made by mixing things together

A

mixture

76
Q

to shed outer coverings to grow a new, bigger one

A

moult

77
Q

masses of tough, elastic tissue that pull our bones when we move

A

muscles

78
Q

substances that help living things to grow

A

nutrients

79
Q

animals that eat plants and meat

A

omnivores

80
Q

the path of one object in space around another.

A

orbit

81
Q

the energy such as heat and light that is produced when a fuel burns

A

output energy

82
Q

a thick mixture of a solid and a liquid

A

paste

83
Q

a dry, coloured powder that is mixed with oil or water to give paint a colour

A

pigment

84
Q

to twist three strands over and under each other to form one thick strand

A

plait

85
Q

a white powder that quickly becomes a hard solid when mixed with water

A

plaster of paris

86
Q

when pollen from the male parts of a flower reaches the female parts of a flower

A

pollination

87
Q

plastics, rubber and fabrics

A

polymers

88
Q

if something did not rot away, it was

A

preserved

89
Q

to keep something from happening

A

prevent

90
Q

to change in different ways to get new materials or products with new properties

A

process

91
Q

materials that have been changed in some way

A

processed materials

92
Q

plants that make their own food are called….

A

producers

93
Q

the process of reusing old materials to make new objects

A

recycle

94
Q

to strengthen with additional material

A

reinforce

95
Q

The process when plants and animals produce offspring

A

reproduce

96
Q

the movement of an object in space around another object, such as the movement of the |Earth around the Sun

A

revolution

97
Q

Areas that are far away from big, modern cities where people live mostly off what is available in nature

A

rural areas

98
Q

the reddish-brown layer formed when iron combines with air and water

A

rust

99
Q

a kind of sedimentary rock made from sand

A

sandstone

100
Q

rock that forms when sediments are deposited in layers and harden

A

sedimentary rock

101
Q

soil and pieces of broken rock deposited by a river or by wind

A

a kind of sedimentary rock made from clay

102
Q

a place that gives protection from bad weather and danger

A

a shelter

103
Q

a structure that has a strong layer on the outside that holds itself up and protects what is on the inside

A

shell structure

104
Q

set of bones where front limbs attach

A

shoulder girdle

105
Q

a framework for support

A

a structure

106
Q

strong structures that can support a lot of weight

A

struts

107
Q

energy that is kept in something and can be changed

A

stored energy

108
Q

the layer of soil that lies under the topsoil

A

subsoil

109
Q

any type of solid, liquid or gas

A

substance

110
Q

it controls the electricity in an electric circuit

A

switch

111
Q

two or more parts that work together to carry out a function

A

a system

112
Q

a metal that is changing colour or going dull

A

tarnish

113
Q

tough cords that attach muscles to bones

A

tendons

114
Q

the way a surface or material feels when you touch it

A

texture

115
Q

the layer of soil that lies on the surface of the Earth

A

topsoil

116
Q

preserved signs of animals, such as footprints

A

trace fossils

117
Q

the body of an animal excluding the head or the limbs

A

trunk

118
Q

a rod that turns, with blades arranged like a wheel around it

A

turbine

119
Q

a system in which the axle turns together with the wheels

A

turning axles

120
Q

factors that can affect the result of an investigation

A

variables

121
Q

an animal with a bony backbone

A

vertebrate

122
Q

organs in the body that are absolutely necessary for life

A

vital organs

123
Q

the process of making something by crossing strips or threads under and over each other

A

weave

124
Q

What are the 6 life processes

A

Feeding, movement, growth, respiration, excretion, reproduction

125
Q

The substance in plant cells that absorbs the sunlight and converts it to energy

A

Chlorophyll

126
Q

The substance in plants that give them their green colour

A

chlorophyll

127
Q

The process in which plants use natures resources to make food for themselves

A

photosynthesis

128
Q

4 main habitats

A

grasslands, deserts, aquatic and forests

129
Q

2 main aquatic habitats

A

fresh water and salt water

130
Q

Freshwater is vital to life on Earth, how is this resource at risk?

A

Human activity: chemicals used in industry, waste water and other pollution

131
Q

dry, baron, intense heat and little rain. What habitat am I?

A

desert

132
Q

What kind of plants are able to survive in the desert?

A

tough plants with small or no leaves, or succulents which have fleshy leaves that are able to store water in their leaves. Thorny plant that protect them from being eaten.

133
Q

How do many animals adapt to the heat of the desert?

A

They are active only at night.

134
Q

how much of th Earths land is grassland?

A

1 quarter

135
Q

What are Africa’s grasslands called?

A

Savannahs

136
Q

how much of Africa is covered in Savannahs?

A

one third

137
Q

what part of the flower attracts birds and insects

A

petals

138
Q

The male part of the flower that makes pollen

A

anther

139
Q

part of the flower that supports the anther

A

filament

140
Q

sticky female part of the flower that catches pollen

A

stigma

141
Q

part of the flower that supports the stigma

A

style

142
Q

female part of the flower that stores ova

A

ovary

143
Q

female part of the flower that becomes the fruit

A

ovary

144
Q

part of the flower that protects the flower while it is still a bud

A

sepal

145
Q

vertebrates are divided into these groups

A

amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds, fish

146
Q

invertebrates are divided into these groups

A

arthropods

147
Q

it protects your brain

A

cranium / skull

148
Q

your collar bone is called your

A

clavicle

149
Q

protects your heart and lungs

A

rib cage

150
Q

upper arm bone

A

humerus

151
Q

outer lower arm bone

A

radius

152
Q

inner lower arm bone

A

ulna

153
Q

Hip girdle

A

pelvis

154
Q

thigh bone

A

femur

155
Q

knee cap

A

patella

156
Q

shin bone

A

tibia

157
Q

lower leg outer side bone

A

fibula

158
Q

what does the spinal column consist of

A

vertebrae

159
Q

what are the 2 primary functions of the spinal column

A
  1. To support the body’s weight allowing it to stand up

2. To protect the spinal cord

160
Q

Name the 3 sections that the spine is divided into

A
  1. The cervical spine, 2. The Thoracic spine and 3. The lumbar spine
161
Q

a very light, but strong metal, often used in aircraft construction

A

aluminium

162
Q

a strong and hard metal use to make tools, nails, fencing and structures

A

iron

163
Q

What is a disadvantage of iron

A

it rusts

164
Q

A valuable metal that is very malleable, always shines and never goes dull.

A

gold

165
Q

A metal that conducts electricity very well

A

copper

166
Q

a metal that is used to cover iron, to prevent it from rusting

A

zinc

167
Q

a silver ring that has been covered in a thin layer of gold would be called…

A

gold-plated

168
Q

What 3 things do you need to start a fire?

A

fuel, oxygen and heat

Shaun (12 decks)

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