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Shaun > Geography Grade 5 mid term > Flashcards

Geography Grade 5 mid term Flashcards

1
Q

A natural home for a plant or animal

A

Habitat

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2
Q

Water Habitats are called…

A

Aquatic Habitats

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3
Q

Habitats on land are called….

A

Terrestrial Habitats

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4
Q

When plants and animals depend on each other for food and shelter it is called…..

A

Interdependence

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5
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

The variety of all plants and animals on the Earth

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6
Q

Plants and animals that have always lived in a certain area are called….

A

Indigenous

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7
Q

How does an aloe adapt to living in a dry habitat?

A

It’s thick and fleshy leaves store water

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8
Q

What do organisms get from their habitats?

A

Food, water and air

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9
Q

A place that gives protection from bad weather and danger is called a….

A

shelter

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10
Q

A plant that provides food, water and shelter for another plant is called a….

A

host

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11
Q

Give two examples of plants that depend on another plant to grow

A

Mistletoe and orchids

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12
Q

How are some ways that plants and animals depend on each other?

A

Plants depend on animals for reproduction.
Animals depend on plants for food.
Animals depend on animals for food.
Animals depend on animals for cleaning and safety (tick bird and buck) (surgeon fish and turtle)
Animals depend on plants for shelter.

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13
Q

Plants and animals also depend on non-living things for survival. These non living things are called…

A

Resources

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14
Q

Why must we remove alien plants?

A

Alien plants are not indigenous.
They grow quickly and take up the space of the indigenous plants.
They use up water and other resources the indigenous plants need to survive.

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15
Q

flexible, tough substance that cushions bones at the joints

A

cartilage

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16
Q

what is an exoskeleton made of?

A

Hard plates joined together to make a hard shell

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17
Q

What are the advantages of an exoskeleton?

A

It supports and protects the soft internal organs.

It provides waterproofing to prevent the animal from drying out.

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18
Q

What are the disadvantages of an exoskeleton?

A

It cannot grow and the animal has to moult.

The new exoskeleton is soft after moulting, and the animal is less protected.

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19
Q

Name animals with exoskeletons

A

Insects
Spiders
ticks
crabs, lobsters, crayfish and shrimp (shellfish)

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20
Q

What are the five groups of animals that have an endoskeleton

A 
Mammals
Birds
Fish
Reptiles
Amphibians
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21
Q

Endoskeletons have a backbone made up of small bones called….

A

vertebrae

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22
Q

What covers the endoskeleton?

A

Muscles and soft body tissue

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23
Q

What are vertebrates skeletons made up of?

A

Bone and cartilage

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24
Q

Important or noticeable parts of something?

A

features

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25
Q

a framework of struts that are joined in triangular shapes?

A

a frame structure

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26
Q

Organs in the body that are absolutely vital for life

A

Vital Organs

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27
Q

What is a limb

A

leg, arm or tail

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28
Q

The body of an animal, excluding the head or limbs

A

the trunk

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29
Q

the set of limbs where the front limbs attach

A

shoulder girdle

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30
Q

part of the skeleton made up of hip bones that support the hind limbs

A

hip girdle

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31
Q

What is the purpose of skeletons of vertebrates?

A

They support and give shape to the body.

They protect the soft organs.

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32
Q

What is cartilage?

A

a tough, flexible substance that allows bones to rub together smoothly without causing pain

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33
Q

What is the main function of the backbone?

A

To protect the spinal cord that runs through the vertebrae. The spinal cord can easily be damaged.

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34
Q

What makes the bones hard and strong?

A

calcium and minerals

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35
Q

Masses of tough, elastic tissue that pull our bones when we move

A

Muscles

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36
Q

tough cords that attach muscles to bones

A

Tendons

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37
Q

Bands that connect bone to bone and strengthens the joint

A

Ligaments

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38
Q

Strong structures that can support a lot of weight

A

struts

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39
Q

A structure that has a strong layer on the outside that holds itself up

A

shell structure

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40
Q

What is substance?

A

Any type of solid, liquid or gas

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41
Q

What are nutrients?

A

Substances that help living things grow

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42
Q

Food gives animals…..

A

energy

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43
Q

Plants make their own food, which means they are….

A

producers

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44
Q

What is pollination?

A

when pollen from a male parts of a flower reaches the female parts of a flower

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45
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

When male cells in pollen join eggs in the female parts of a flower to form seeds

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46
Q

When plants or animals produce offspring

A

reproduce

47
Q

When all the individuals of a type of plant or animal die and no more are left

A

extinct

48
Q

joining of male cells and female egg inside of the body

A

internal fertilisation

49
Q

joining of male cells and female egg outside of the body

A

external fertilisation

50
Q

the order in which something happens

A

sequence

51
Q

Sticky female part of a flower that catches pollen

A

Stigma

52
Q

Part of the flower that attracts birds and insects

A

petals

53
Q

What does the ovary do

A

Stores Ova that will become seeds if fertilised.

After fertilisation, the ovay of the flower grows and becomes a fruit.

54
Q

The Male part of the flower that makes pollen.

A

ANther

55
Q

What part of the flower supports the stigma and leads to the ovary

A

Style

56
Q

What part of the flower supports the anther

A

The filament

57
Q

What part of the flower protects the flower when it is a bud

A

The sepals

58
Q

The father is a male and produces ___________ to reproduce

A

sperm

59
Q

The mother is the female and she has _________ inside her body to reproduce

A

eggs

60
Q

what are properties

A

qualities and characteristics of matter and materials

61
Q

what does ductile mean

A

it is able to be drawn into wires

62
Q

what is rust

A

the reddish-brown layer formed when iron combines with water and air

63
Q

two or more metals mixed together, or a metal mixed with non-metal is called an…..

A

alloy

64
Q

What are the properties of gold

A

It is valuable,
malleable
shiny - never goes dull
ductile

65
Q

Which metal is used to make ornaments and weapons and is a great conductor of electricity, so is used for electric wires?

A

copper

66
Q

Which metal is light, but strong and is used in aircraft construction

A

Aluminium

67
Q

Which metal is used to cover iron to prevent it from rusting?

A

Zinc

68
Q

When objects are made from cheaper metals and coated with a thin layer of a shinier more expensive metal on the outside we say the cheap metal has been….

A

plated

69
Q

South African coins are steel plated with….

A

copper, bronze and nickel

70
Q

A good guess about what you think will happen in an investigation is called a ….

A

hypothesis

71
Q

what are variables?

A

factors that can affect the result in an investigation

72
Q

what is data?

A

facts or information collected in an investigation

73
Q

what is a conclusion

A

something you decide based on the results of your investigation

74
Q

what is flexibilty?

A

How easily something bends

75
Q

Plastics, rubber and fabrics are called

A

polymers

76
Q

Objects made from clay or sand are called….

A

ceramics

77
Q

What are the properties of non-metals?

A
  • They break easily
  • Dull
  • Poor conductors of heat
  • Non malleable
  • Not ductile
78
Q

What are the properties of Metals

A
  • Shiny
  • Strong
  • Malleable
  • Ductile
  • Melt at high temperatures
79
Q

When something is attracted to a magnet, it is ….

A

magnetic

80
Q

Which metals are magnetic

A

Iron
Steel
Nickel
Cobalt

81
Q

When metals are affected by air and water, we say they….

A

tarnish or corrode

82
Q

Which metal is the only one to rust

A

iron

83
Q

How do we stop iron from rusting?

A
  • Coating them in plastic
  • Painting them
  • coating them with another metal
  • coating them with oil or grease
84
Q

What are some of the uses of metals

A

Structures
Transport (Trains, Ships, cars, bicycles, aircrafts)
Machinery
Jewellery and ornaments
Everyday items like taps, pipes, pots, garden tools)

85
Q

People manufacture new materials from…..

A

Raw materials

86
Q

Give some examples of raw materials

A

sand, clay, coal, oil

87
Q

To change in different ways to get new materials or products with new properties

A

To process

88
Q

a product made from clay and limestone that becomes hard when mixed with water

A

cement

89
Q

a mixture of sand, gravel, cement and water

A

concrete

90
Q

what does it mean to reinforce

A

to strengthen with additional material

91
Q

when something mixes completely with water, we say it….

A

dissolves

92
Q

a furnace or oven that is used to process materials by burning, baking or drying them out

A

kiln

93
Q

Explain what the durable means

A

something that will last a long time

94
Q

a dry, coloured powder that is mixed with oil or water to make a paint

A

pigment

95
Q

Name some uses of plaster of paris

A 
Ceiling boards
Dentists make casts of patients gums
To make casts to heal broken bones
to level surfaces and fill in cracks
Art
96
Q

What are the properties of concrete

A
  • Strong
  • Hard
  • Durable
97
Q

Name some uses of concrete

A

Buildings
Concrete pillars reinforced with iron
Power station towers and silos
Thick water pipes

98
Q

What are some natural fibres

A

Cotton and linen (from plants)

Wool and silk (from animals)

99
Q

Name 2 examples of man-made fibres and what they are made from

A

Nylon and polyester are made from petroleum and coal

100
Q

What is Nylon used to make

A

stockings
parachutes
ropes
tents

101
Q

What are the advantages of fabrics made from polyester

A

They are easy to wash and drip dry quickly

They need little or no ironing

102
Q

What are some fibres treated with to make them waterproof

A

resin

103
Q

Give examples of different textures

A

smooth, fine, soft, hard, coarse

104
Q

What are the properties of ceramics

A

hard
can be durable
waterproof
fire resistant

105
Q

What are the properties of glass

A 
transparent
hard
durable
waterproof
Brittle
106
Q

WHat are some uses of ceramics

A

pottery
plates, bowls, mugs
vases
Tiles, basins, toilets and baths

107
Q

What are the properties of plastics

A 
Light
strong
durable
waterproof
Not heat or fire resistant
108
Q

Uses of plastics are

A

Plastic pipes
Insulate electric wires
Plastic dishes and containers
Some furniture

109
Q

What is mixed into paint to give it colour

A

pigment

110
Q

where can pigments be obtained from

A

Plants
sand
clay and soil
They can also be man made

111
Q

What can be added to paint to give it texture and make it tougher

A

fillers like sand,

112
Q

To roll material into a spiral shape

A

coil

113
Q

the process of making something by crossing strips or threads under and over each other

A

weaving

114
Q

using thread to sew or join two materials together

A

stitch

Shaun (12 decks)

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