natural facial markings Flashcards
types of tissue
adipose and areolar
adipose
- nutrient storage
- fat cells
- cushions
- insulates
areolar
- loose connective tissue all over your body
- supports and binds
- holds body fluids
- defense against infections
- storage of nutrients
- elastic
melanin
- in epidermis
- main producer of skin color
- hair, eyes, inner ear, nasal cavity
- protects from UV rays
- creates complexion
carotene
- yellow orange pigment in plants
- name comes form the word carrot
- used by humans to create vitamin A
- colors adipose tissue
hemoglobin
- has a red color
- found in the blood
- more appearance where there is less melanin
- color based on proximity to the surface of the skin
layers of the skin
- epidermis
- dermis
- hypodermis
epidermis
- top layers of skin
- not vascularized
- contains skin pigments other than blood
- sloughs off in skin slip
dermis
- second, deeper layer
- innervated and vascularized
hypodermis
- superficial fascia
- adipose tissue
- binds superficial structures to deeper ones
keratin
- cells to protect your epidermis
- create antibodies
- dead keratin makes up hair
follicles
- dermal layer
- produce hair
- color is determined by melanocytes
leukoderma
- vitiligo
- localized absence of pigment
- present at birth or occurs over time
- consult family about restorative treatments
- can show the effects of dye
melanosis
- suntan
- immune response to UV light
- creates a darkened skin tone
jaundice
- yellow discoloration
- caused by problems with the liver or gallbladder
- overabundance of bilirubin in the person’s system
sallow
- yellow discoloration
- caused by anemia, vitamin deficiency, smoking, and natural gaining process
- maybe part of persons natural coloring and should be reproduced
vascular birthmarks
- present at birth and change over time
- angioma, hemangioma, macular stains, port wine stain
angioma
benign tumor made up of blood cells
hemangioma
type of angioma that is present at birth, and can leave a discoloration
macular stain
groupings of capillaries near the hairline and eyes, present at birth but typically fade
port wine stain
present on a persons face and can darken or develop bumps
lentigo
- age/liver spots
- increases in pigmentation in sun exposed areas
- head, backs, of hands, shoulders, feet
- may be part of persons characteristics
albinism
- reduction of pigment in a persons entire body
- lighter skin color and hair
- at a higher risk for skin cancer
- caution when using dye in the arterial solution
freckles
- increased areas of pigment that can occur in clusters
- more apparent when exposed to sunlight
- can disappear in the winter
- fair skinned people are more affected
- cosmetics and coverage is up to the family
- could be an important characteristic
nevus
- mole
- concentrated melanin
- raised or flat
- can contain hair
- personal characteristic
where do these facial markings come from
- heredity
- aging
- environment
- muscles
- body position
- weight
- fluid
- overall condition of the body
fold
margin apparently formed by the double upon itself on a flat anatomical structure, lay exhibit a definite margin
sulcus
a furrow or groove (wrinkle)
furrow
a narrow or trench like groove on the surface
groove
a narrow channel or depression
eminence
an elevation in the skin
Angulus oris eminence
- Elevation on the corner of the mouth
- Caused by the insertion points of the muscles of the mouth
angulus oris sulcus
- Furrows at the corner of the mouth
- Results of the folding of the skin in the corners of the mouth
Dimples
Indentation on the cheek or chin
Labiomental sulcus
Indentation between the inferior integumentary lip and the top of the chin
Nasal sulcus
Gap posterior to the wing of the nose
Nasolabial fold
Anterior fold of the cheek that descends from the nose to the corner of the lips
Runs from superior margin of nasal wing to side of mouth
nasolabial fold - slight marginal form
- Most common marginal form is slightly curved
- Terminates approximately ½ inch lateral to end of line closure
- Relatively straight or slightly curved in either redirection
nasolabial fold - maringal form
May move laterally as it descends and terminates a relatively great distance from the line of closure
nasolabial fold - full curved form
may continue to the jawline and border heavy jowls at sides of chin
ablique palpebral sulcus
- Shallow curving groove
- Originating below inner canthus of eye
- May be very short or may extend over the margin of eye socket and terminate casually under the middle of eye
- Marks inferior boundary of the flabby and slightly raised surface of the orbital pouch
submental sulcus
- Groove beneath the chin that varies intensity based on adipose tissue
- Lies at junction of base of chin and submandibular area
Philtrum
- Groove the upper lip
- Rungs between columna nasi and medial lobe of upper mucous membrane
- Slightly above or slightly below mid point
