natural cloning in plants Flashcards
asexual reproduction
form of cloning
results in gen id clones produced by mitosis
vegetation propagating
production of structures in an organism that can grow into new indivi-clones of the parent
prennating organs
contain stored food from photo and can remain dormant in soil
bulbs
onion
leaf bases swell w/stored food
buds from internally which form into new plants
runners
strawberry
lateral stem, roots dev where runner touches ground
rhizomes
marram grass
underground stem
buds dev to form new vertical shoots
stem tubers
potato
tip of underground stem swollen to from tuber
buds no tuber dev to prod shoots
ways of increasing plant numbers cheaply
splitting up bulbs and rhizomes
removing young plants from runners
what do all the new cloned plants have in common
genetic characteristics as their parents
example of a simple cloning techniwue
taking plant cuttings
how to take plant cuttings
healthy shoot cut at angle bw nodes dip in rooting powder- auxin place in soil, then add water cover w/plastic bag
advantages of propagation from cuttings
quicker than planting+cropping
guaranteed quality
disadvantage of propagation form cuttings
lack of genetic variation in offspring- new disease easily wipe out as all =ly susep
ways to increase success of cuttings
non-flowering stem oblique cut in stem hormone rooting powder reduce leaves to 2/4 keep cutting well water cover cutting w/plastic bag 4 few days
keep cuttings watered-
reduced leaves-
cover plastic bag-
minimise water loss
avoid water stress
minimise transpiration
cut at angle
max SA 4 rootong powder
non-flowering
all resources available 4 growing root
rooting powder
seems to work
why are cuttings useful for investigating the effect of growing conditions on plants
Cuttings are genetically identical so differences in rate of growth/ time to flowering down to
differences in conditions they are given
advantages of cloning plants
quick
alternative if sexual reproduction is not possible
all clones inherit the same desirable characteristic
disadvantages of cloning plants
no genetic variation- no natural selection
if new disease arises whole pop will be wiped out as all =ly susceptible
