electrophoresis and PCR

Question 1

electrophoresis

Answer 1

type of chromotography, causes charged molecules to move through gel medium under the influence of an electrical current

Question 2

cathode

Answer 2

negative end

Question 3

anode

Answer 3

positive end

Question 4

why is DNA negatively charged

Answer 4

because of the phosphate goups

Question 5

buffer solution

Answer 5

maintains a constant pH

Question 6

gel

Answer 6

made of agarose and forms a matrix that resists the movement of the DNA fragments

Question 7

what happens when an electrical charge is applied and why

Answer 7

causes DNA to migrate towards the anode

phosphate groups

Question 8

describe how electrphoresis works

Answer 8

.

Question 9

what is placed in one of the wells

Answer 9

DNA fragments of known length are used to provide a reference for fragment sizing

Question 10

where are the mixture of DNA fragments applied

Answer 10

at a point called the origin

Question 11

what does the rate of movement of DNA fragments depend on

Answer 11

mass/ length of DNA fragments

Question 12

what molecules travel through the gel mesh more easily and further

Answer 12

smaller

Question 13

what happens when the faster smaller fragments reach the anode end of the gel

Answer 13

electrical current switched of

Question 14

why is gel placed in an alkaline buffer solution

Answer 14

to denature the DNA fragments

Question 15

what happens when DNA fragments denatured

Answer 15

the 2 DNA strands of each fragment separate, exposing the bases

Question 16

PCR-polymerase chain reaction

Answer 16

.

Question 17

in PCR what is mixed in the vile

Answer 17

xs nucleotides bases,

Question 18

application of PCR in DNA analysis

Answer 18

.

Question 19

stages of PCR

Answer 19

denaturation at 95
primer bonding/ annealing 50-55
extension 72

Question 20

denaturation

Answer 20

.