NATOPS Chapter 3 Flashcards
Distance from helicopter for flame producing
Loose pyrotechnics, smoking, or striking matches or any flame-producing product within 50’ of the helicopter may result in fire
Who is authorized to perform servicing
All PQMs and aircrewman qualified in model are authorized to perform servicing and handling when qualified maintenance personnel are not available
Where can you park the helicopter
The helicopter shall not be parked in the vicinity of possible sources of ignition.
A minimum of 50 feet should be maintained from other aircraft and structures.
75 feet should be maintained from any operating radar set.
What shall be near when refueling
During all refueling operations, fire-extinguishing equipment shall be readily available
What contributes to vapor bubbles
Nose pitch attitudes, roll attitudes, and low power operations or prolonged on-deck operations such as refueling
What to do to ensure no vapor bubbles
Establish IGE hover for 10 seconds prior to transition to forward flight.
Warning
Flameouts may be encountered following nosedown ground ops in excess of 10 min when using JP5, JP8 or quivalent
JP-4/JETB Operational Restrictions
Warning
Flameouts may be encountered on the ground or inflight at certain fuel temps when JP4/JETB are used
- All takeoffs shall stabilize in a hover with no fuel pressure cautions for a minimum of 10 seconds before commencing transition to forward flight.
- Single-engine training is prohibited
- Operating characteristics may change, Lower operating temps, slower acceleration and shorter range may be experienced.
- Due to vapor qualities, the next two fuelings with a primary fuel shall be treated as if JP4/JET B is in the tanks.
JP4/JETB Fuel Changeover procedures
- If the fuel type is unknown, or is a mix of JP4, then assume all tanks are filled with JP4 JETB
- During ground/flight operations, empty the external tanks into the mains before refueling
- Periodically refuel external tanks and/or main tanks with JP5/JP8
Primary Fuel
A fuel which is authorized to use for continuous unrestricted operations
Restricted Fuel
A fuel which imposes operational restrictions on an aircraft.
Emergency Fuel
A fuel which may be used for a minimum time when no other primary or restricted fuel is available, in case of emergency or operational necessity.
Fuel with susceptibility to icing
Keep the bulk fuel above 0*C
- If aircraft is in a heated hangar, launch within 1 hour after being moved to the flight deck
- If aircraft is outside more than 1 hour, bulk fuel temp should be checked
- If fuel is 0C or below, aircraft should be hangared until fuel is above 0C
Before fueling what should be checked
helicopter and refueling-unit grounding devices shall be inspected for proper ground
Refueling IRT sono launcher
Refueling with the sonobouy launcher safety valve not in the SAFE position may result in inadvertent sonobuoy launch causing personal injury
Fuel cell rupture
Pressure shall not exceed 55psi, failure to monitor fuel cell pressure may result in fuel cell overpressurization
How to refuel if quality of fuel is in question
If the helicopter must be fueled when the quality of fuel is in question, it should be refueled through the HIFR fitting, it is capable of removing both water and particulate matter.
Primary Fuels
JP-5
JP-8
F-24
TS-1
Restricted Fuels
A1
A
B
JP-4
Emergency Fuels
JP8+100
F-27
Defueling Shipboard
JP8,TS1, JP8+100, F24 shall not be defueled shipboard due to the flashpoint less than 140*c
Fuel System Icing Inhibitor
PRIST discharged via aerosol cans is not authorized, it doesn’t mix well and settles to the bottom of the tank
JP-8 + 100 restrictions
USN/USMC are not authorized to use JP8+100 except in emergency situations. Pilot approval shall be obtained and the aircraft shall be conspicuously placarded, and maintenance shall be informed.
Main tank JP-5
590 gallons, 4012 pounds
Main tank JP-8
590 gallons, 3953 pounds
Gravity Fueling
Aux fuel tanks are gravity refueled individually
Gravity refueling is not authorized with engines or APU operating.
Internal tank pressure shall be checked prior to removal of the filler cap to prevent fuel spills
RAST operations with Aux tanks
- Main and tail struts have been serviced before flight
- Static vertical clearance between the deck and lowest point of the aux tank shall not be less than 12 inches
- Aircraft gross weight during RAST operations shall not exceed gross weight of the helicopter at the time of clearance measurement
Engine Oil Capacity
7.3 Quarts MIL-PRF-23699
APU Oil Capacity
2.0 Quarts MIL-PRF-23699
Main Transmission Capacity
7.5 Gallons DOD-PRF-85734
Int/Tail Gearbox Capacity
2.75 Pints DOD-PRF-85734
Hyd Reservoir Capacity
1.0 Quart MIL-PRF-83282
Util Hyd Capacity
0.92 Quarts MIL-PRF-83282
Rescue Hoist Capacity
1.16 Quarts MIL-PRF-23699
Engine Stater Capacity
200 cc MIL-PRF-23699
Engine Oil Servicing
Required when the sight glass is less than halfway between ADD and FULL; service to 1 inch below full mark or adjacent to top set of bolts.
Wait 20 min after engine shutdown to check oil level.
APU Oil Servicing
Checked via the dipstick.
Wait 1 hour after APU shutdown prior to checking oil level.
Main Transmission Oil Servicing
Checked via dipstick, When at ADD required approx 2 Quarts of Oil to return to FULL.
Accurate readings are not possible until 30 min after shutdown. The hot scale is used 30min-2hours, and cold scale used 2 hours or onward.
Tail and Intermediate Oil Servicing
Intermediate- oil level in the inner circle. Should be refilled if bottom of outer circle can be seen.
Tail- oil level is within the lines/green area. Should be refilled if below lower line.
Caution
Do not service while tail pylon is folded; sight gauges are not accurate, improperly serviced gearboxes may result in gearbox failure.
Hydraulic System Servicing
1 US quart at FULL mark. Red requires 2/3 pint.
Piston movement up to 3/8 inch into the blue zone is acceptable.
Utility Hyd System Servicing
4 white stripes indicated over-serviced
3 white stripes indicates full
2 white stripes indicate refill needed
1 white stripe is an empty reservoir.
The reservoir shall be full regardless of aircraft configuration.
Blade Damper Servicing
Hydraulic Fluid and Nitrogen, should be in the green or yellow (full) area.
Sonobuoy launcher pressure
serviced to 1175+-25 psi
Min pressure to jettison a full launcher is 1100psi
When vent handle not in safe, servicing may result in inadvertent launch causing injury.
Windshield Washer servicing
Reservoir located beside pilot seat, serviced with water.
In temps below 0*C serviced with 50% water 50% isopropyl alcohol.
Fire Extinguisher Servicing
When they have lost their charge, shall be replaced with fully serviced units.
Initial Tiedown
Consists of 4 tiedowns, two on each main mount. Required just prior to and after shipboard aircraft movement, shipboard startup, and immediately after landing
Permanent Tiedown
Consists of 12 tiedowns. Two on each attachment point, and is required when not at flight quarters.
Heavy Weather Tiedown
Consist of 18 tiedowns, three on each attachment point.
Required when winds are an average velocity of 35 knots or greater and/or sea state of 8 feet, or wind over the deck exceeds 60 knots, pitch exceeds 8, or roll exceeds 12.
Hangar Tie Town
Not secured with RAST but secured with chains, up to gw 20,500lbs
Secured with RAST, up to gw 23,500 lbs
On-Deck Tie Down
Up to moderate weather- up to 23,500 lbs
Up to and including heavy weather - up to 20,500 lbs
Main Rotor Tiedown
Tiedown of the main rotor should be done when actual or projected weather are 45 knots or above.
Missile covers?
Hellfire missile seeker covers shall be installed before commencement of ground operations.
