NATOPS Ch. 3 Flashcards
Warning: Using loose pyrotechnics, smoking, or striking matches while working on the aircraft, or using any flame-producing device within _____ feet of the helicopter, may result in a fire.
50
All ___ and ____ are authorized to perform ____ and ____ of the aircraft when qualified maintenance personnel are not available.
PQMs and aircrewmen; servicing and handling
Fueling equipment shall be operated only by _________.
qualified and authorized personnel
A minimum of ____ feet should be maintained from other aircraft or structures and ___ feet from any operating radar set.
50, 75
During all fueling operations, _________ shall be readily available.
fire-extinguishing equipment
Changing from one authorized fuel to another, for example JP5 to JP8. Is it necessary to drain the fuel before adding new fuel?
NO
Fuels having the same _______ are interchangeable.
NATO code number
What causes vapor bubbles to form in the fuel lines?
Nose pitch attitudes, roll attitudes, and low power operations all contribute to the formation of vapor bubbles in the fuel lines due to fuel boost limitations. Prolonged on-deck operations, such as refueling, contribute significantly to this problem.
What is the warning about nosedown ground operations?
Nosedown ground operations in excess of 10 minutes when using JP-5, JP-8, or equivalent fuels may cause a flameout.
To prevent engine flameouts during launch, what can you do?
establish IGE hover for 10 seconds prior to transition to forward flight. If FUEL PRESS caution illuminates during the hover, do not depart until FUEL PRESS caution self clears.
Flameouts may be encountered on the ground and in flight at certain temperatures when ____________ are used.
restricted fuels JP-4 or JET B
If JP-4/JET B is used, the following operational restrictions/considerations apply:
SSOD…
- All takeoffs shall stabilize in a hover with no fuel pressure cautions for a minimum of 10 seconds before commencing transition to forward flight.
- Single-engine training is prohibited.
- Operating characteristics may change. Lower operating temperatures, slower acceleration, and shorter ranger may be experienced.
- Due to the vapor qualities of mixed JP-4/JET B, the next two refuelings with a primary fuel shall be treated as if JP-4/JET B is in the tanks.
Primary Fuels FLIP/MIL/NATO
J5/JP-5/F-44
J8/JP-8/F34
A++/F-24/F-24
-/TS-1/-
Restricted Fuels FLIP/MIL/NATO
A1/-/F-35
A/-/-
J4/JP-4/F-40
B/-/-
Emergency Fuels FLIP/MIL/NATO
J8 + 100/J8 + 100/F-37
-/F-27/F-27
Primary Fuel Definition
A fuel that the aircraft is authorized to use for continuous unrestricted operations
Restricted Fuel Definition
A fuel that imposes operational restrictions on the aircraft
Emergency Fuel Definition
A fuel which may be used for a minimum time when no other primary or restricted fuel is available in case of emergency or operational necessity.
What is the fuel changeover procedure?
- If the fuel type is unknown or is a mixture that includes JP-4/JET B, then assume all tanks are filled with 100% JP-4/JET B.
- During ground/flight operations, empty the external tanks (if installed) into the main tanks before refueling. Proceed with Step 3 only after the tanks have been emptied into the main tanks.
- Periodically refuel external tanks (if installed) and/or main tank with JP-5, Jp-8, or equivalent.
What fuels should not be refueled into shipboard JP-5 fuel storage tanks and why?
JP-8, TS-1, JP-4, JP8 + 100, F-24 and all commercial jet fuels shall not be refueled into shipboard JP-5 fuel storage tanks because the flashpoint of these fuels is less than 140 degrees
A fuel mixture of __ JP-5 (F-44) and ___ JP-8 (F-34) or Jet A-1 (F-35) will ensure the minimum flashpoint of the fuel mixture is above ______.
70%, 30%, 120 °F
What’s the deal with discharging PRIST via aerosol cans?
PRIST does not mix well with fuel and has a tendency to settle at the bottom of fuel tanks. It may damage the fuel tanks.
Prist caution
PRIST discharged via aerosol cans may damage fuel system seals and fuel tank materials.
Hydraulic servicing arrows
OUT 1 is the No. 1 hydraulic pump module, OUT 2 is the No. 2 hydraulic pump module, OUT 3 is the backup hydraulic pump module, and OUT 4 is the rotor brake/utility hyd pump (vertical stow position/counter clockwise to horizontal position)
What is minimum pressure for sonobuoy launcher to jettison full launcher, and why?
Minimum pressure to jettison a full sonobuoy launcher is 1,100 psi. If sonobuoy launcher is less than 1,100 psi, the last sonobuoys in sequence may not jettison, with system securing at 250 psi to ensure safe separation of launched sonobuoys.
Initial Tiedown
Initial Tiedown. Consists of four tiedowns, two on each main mount. This requirement exists just prior to and after shipboard aircraft movement, during shipboard aircraft startup, and immediately after landing aboard ship.
Permanent tiedown
Permanent Tiedown. Consists of 12 tiedowns (two on each attachment point) and is required aboard ship when not at flight quarters.
Heavy weather tiedowns (caution)
Heavy Weather Tiedown. Consists of 18 tiedowns (three on each attachment point) and is required with weather conditions in which surface winds reach an average velocity of 35 knots or greater and/or sea state of 8 feet, or wind over deck exceeds 60 knots, pitch exceeds 4°, or roll exceeds 12°.
Caution: The aircraft should be moved into the hangar prior to the onset of heavy weather conditions in order to prevent damage to aircraft (e.g., wind in excess of 60 knots).
How many tiedown fittings are there, and where are they?
Tiedown fittings are installed at six points on the helicopter: one fitting on each main landing gear wheel hub and one high point fitting above the strut on each side of the aircraft, and one fitting on each side of the aft transition section above the tailwheel.
