NATO Flashcards

1
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

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2
Q

When was NATO founded?

A

4th April 1949

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3
Q

Where is it’s headquarters?

A

Brussels, Belgium. (It was initially in Paris, France, but they left in 1966 and re-joined in 2009)

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4
Q

Who were the 12 founding members?

A

Remember: ‘Public Fund In’:

Portugal, U.K., Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy, Canada, France, U.S., Netherlands, Denmark, Iceland, Norway.

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5
Q

How many members are there?

A

29 member states (soon to be 30 when North Macedonia join after settling dispute with Greece)

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6
Q

Who are the current members?

A

Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Poland, Romanica, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey

‘Public Fund In’
Portugal, U.K., Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy, Canada, France, U.S., Netherlands, Denmark, Iceland, Norway.

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7
Q

Who is the NATO Secretary General?

A

Mr Jens Stoltenberg

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8
Q

Newest member and date of joining?

A

Montenegro, 5th June 2017

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9
Q

Aspiring members?

A

Remember ‘Bum G’

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ukraine, Republic of North Macedonia, Georgia

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10
Q

What is the Membership Action Plan (MAP)?

A

‘TAP’
Tailored advice
Assistance
Practical support

to help countries prepare for possible future membership

Currently Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republic of North Macedonia

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11
Q

What is the role of NATO?

A

‘The three C’s’

Collective defence
Crisis-management
Cooperative security

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12
Q

What is Article 5?

A

Collective Defence: An attack against one ally is considered an attack against all allies.

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13
Q

What treaty enshrines Article 5?

A

the Washington Treaty

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14
Q

When has Article 5 been invoked?

A

After 9/11 attacks

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15
Q

When has enhanced collective defence measures been enacted?

A

1991 - Turkey, Gulf War
2003 - Crisis in Iraq
2012 - Syria (ISIS)
2014 - Ukraine (Russia’s illegal annexation of Crimea)

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16
Q

Name 6 NATO operations:

A

Afghanistan, Kosovo, Libya, Pakistan, Somalia, Yemen

17
Q

What is NATO’s role in Afghanistan?

A

Operation Resolute Support: non combat mission. Giving training, advice and assistance to Afghan security forces and institutions.

18
Q

What is NATO’s role in Kosovo?

A

Establish a secure environment due to Serbian-led crackdown on KLA separatists and Albania civilians in Kosovo. Bombing campaign (1999) and peacekeeping campaign (present)

19
Q

Conditions for joining NATO?

A

Any European country willing to further the Washington Treaty and contribute to Euro-Atlantic security. Members must meet political, economic and military goals.

20
Q

Article 1?

A

Settle international disputes as peaceful as is practically possible.

21
Q

Article 2?

A

Contribute to development of international relations and encourage economic collaboration.

22
Q

Article 3?

A

Maintain individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack.

23
Q

Article 4?

A

Members consult together whenever security of a member is threatened.

24
Q

Article 5?

A

An attack against one member state is an attack against them all - mutual self defence.

25
Q

Why didn’t the UK trigger Article 5 of the Washington treaty when Argentina attacked the Falklands?

A

The Falklands are South of the Tropic of Cancer

26
Q

Article 6?

A

An armed attack on one of the parties is considered an attack if occurring in the North Atlantic Area, North of the Tropic of Cancer

27
Q

Is the UK a prominent member of NATO?

A

Yes, we provide the deputy supreme allied commander. Possess the largest military budget of European countries. Possess full spectrum capabilities (e.g. nuclear deterrent), meet NATO’s target spending of 2% of GDP on defence.

28
Q

What is the European deterrence initiative?

A

A program initiated in June 2014 (after the annexation of Crimea) in order to increase the U.S. presence in Europe for security purposes. Operation Atlantic Resolve is covered by the initiative.