Native Americans Flashcards
give 5 factors that affected native americans way of life
- cattle industry
- railroads
- reservations
- prospectors and gold miners
- white settlement on the plains
how did the cattle industry affect native americans way of life
as cattle numbers inc, buffalo numbers dec; some plains indians took up cowboy work instead of traditional way of life; others attacked cowboys for trespassing during cattle trails
how did railroads affect plains indians way of life
Pacific Railroad Act took away PI land and caused conflict (Great Sioux War)
also affected buffalo population
how did reservations affect PI way of life
PI forced onto reservations where hunting was prohibited and they were supplied with little food and farming equipment; many tribes resisted the move
how were PI affected by gold miners
influx of gold miners when gold was found regardless of treaties, caused conflict (Red Clouds War) and many brought diseases
how did white settlement affect the PI
1862 Homestead Act inc settlers and limited PI land and buffalo herds
give 5 main Indian wars and when they occurred
1862- Little Crows War 1863-4 - Sandcreek Massacre 1866-8 - Red Cloud’s War 1876 - Battle of Little Big Horn 1890- Wounded Knee Massacree
what happened during Little Crows War
Santee Sioux took food from agency; burnt it down; attacked gov officials but defeated and moved onto smaller reservation
why did Little Crows War start
abysmal conditions on Sioux reservation ; crops failing; agency and gov failed to deliver food and 12,000 starving PI had to eat grass
what led to the Sandcreek Massacre
starving tribes attacked trains for food
what happened during the Sand Creek Massacre
Black Kettle sets up camp to discuss agreement with gov; Colonel Chivington massacres the camp 450 killed
what started Red Clouds War
Bozeman trail built through Indian land as gold discovered in Oregan; PI attacked trail
what happened during Red Clouds War
Red Cloud join with Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull to attack soldiers; 1868 Second Treaty of Fort Laramie moved PI onto smaller reservations and tribes split up ; Bozeman trail abandoned
what started the battle of little big horn
Gov offer sioux $6 mil for reservation land they were put on and are rejected
Sioux and Cheyenne feel veteran leave reservation to fight with Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
what happens during the battle of little big horn
Sioux raise 7th Cavalry gold prospectors; gov gives them 60 days to return to reservation; 7,000 sioux gathered for war; Custer finds PI camp and gold to wait for reinforcements but doesn’t and his 200 men are killed
