exonomu (immigration and agricylutir snd urbanisation) Flashcards
give 3 push factors for immigration
no jobs, overpopulation, persecution
give 3 pull factors for immigration
growing economy, propaganda (american dream) and job opportunities
how much if the labour force in manufacturing were immigrants in 1890
50%
define nativism
the policy of protecting interests of native born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants
give an act and an event that affected agriculture and urbanisation
Homestead Act 1862
Oklahoma Land Rush 1889
what was the Homestead Act and when was it
1862; 160 acres of land to any claimant who would live and farm on it for 4 years; at end could buy for $30
why was the Homestead Act passed
to help increase western settlement
how many claims under the homestead act
1.6 mil
what act allowed the oklahoma land rush to occur
the Dawes Act 1887
when was the oklahoma land rush and what happened
1889; 7 land rushes to claim acres of land 2 mill claimed
when was the largest land rush and how much was claimed and how many ppl were there
1893 with 8 mil acres and 100,000 ppl
when was the Dawes act and what did it do
ended reservations and divided land into 160 acre sections; each NA family got a section but many sold and the rest sold under homestead act
what does the homestead act and oklahoma land rush show the us gov to be encouraging
us gov is encouraging manifest destiny, colonisation and is doing so to crate more agriculture and boost economy to feed growing population
describe 2 strengths of the norths agricultural conditions
- major cities eg Chicago and Pittsburgh were wide distribution network hubs
- access to railroads and could set freight rates high
describe a weakness of the north easts agricultural conditions
dependant on market forces it could not control
give 3 strengths if the south’s agricultural conditions
- railroad expansion
- cotton, tobacco and sugar remained major commodities for exports
- trade/shipping expanded in ports eg Mobile, Alabama
give 4 weaknesses of the south’s agricultural conditions
- lagging economy
- 1879 thousands of black farmers moved to Kansas for greater opportunity
- reconstruction did not break down economy structure or dominance of ruling elite
- small farmers struggled to get loans or get produce to marketv
give 3 strengths if the Wests agricultural conditions
- Homestead Act and OLR inc settlers
- access to Transcontinental Railroad
- by 1890 28,500 farmers and 19.8 mil acres under cultivation
give 3 weaknesses of the wests agricultural conditions
- isolated and hard to live on
- had to import special red wheat sue to conditions
- not all homesteaders survived 4 years
give 4 reasons agriculture developed in the GA
- development of transcontinental rr 1869
- inc demand for food esp beef
- abundance of natural resources
- role of gov (HSA and OLR)
give 3 push factors that caused urbanisation
- glut of cotton inc unemployment in south
- terror of KKK and limitation of rights
- farmers broke due to growing debts
give 3 pull factors which caused urbanisation
- good railway connections
- growing industries eg oil and steel
- lots of job opportunity in mills and mines
give 3 effects of urbanisation
- influx of immigrants led to hasty construction of poor housing
- corrupt gov; mayors would provide jobs for immigrants or AA in return for votes
- racism to immigrants and AA more prominent
