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SFII Test 2 > Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the nasal cavity?

A

Modifies air- warms, humidifies and filters

Sense smell

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2
Q

What are the Choanae?

A

Posterior nares in the skull

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3
Q

What are the three nasal cartilages?

A

Septal cartilage with fused lateral nasal cartilages

Alar cartilages - surround the medial side fo the nostrils

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4
Q

What are the Nasal conchae or turbinates?

A

Projections that increse surface area

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5
Q

What is the meatus?

A

Space below the nasal conchae

Superior, Middle, and Inferior below the respective concha

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6
Q

What are the floor boundaries of the nasal cavity?

A

Maxillary bone - palatine process

Palatine bone - horizontal plate

*The floor is the palate

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7
Q

What are the roof boundaries of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal bone

Frontal bone

Ethmoid (Cribriform plate)

Sphenoid

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8
Q

What are the medial boundaries of the nasal cavity?

A

Septal Cartilage

Ethmoid (perpendicular plate)

Vomer

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9
Q

What can occur form a nose fracture?

A

Can break Cribriform plate and leak CSF from the nose

Can result in meningitis

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10
Q

What is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity made up of?

A

Nasal bone

Maxillary

Inferior concha

Palatine

Ethmoid

Sphenoid

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11
Q

Where is the spheno-thmoidal recess?

A

Above the Superior Concha

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12
Q

What openings are located int eh sphenoiethmoidal recess?

A

Olfactory Foramina

Sphenoid air sinus

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13
Q

What opening is located in the superior meatus?

A

Posterior ethmoidal air cells

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14
Q

What openings are located within the middle meatus?

A

Middle ethmoidal air cells - bulla

Anterior ethmoidal air cells - hiatus semilunaris

Maxillary sinus - hiatus semilunaris

Frontal sinus - infundibulum

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15
Q

What opening is located in the inferior meatus?

A

Opening of the nasolacrimal duct

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16
Q

What nerves are located within the nasal cavity and what are their functions?

A

Olfactory nerve - smell

Trigeminal - general sensation

Facial - visceral motor parasympathetic (mucous glands by pterygopalatine ganglion)

17
Q

What branches of the trigeminal nerve innervate the nasal cavity?

A

V1 - anterior ethmoidal nerve

V2 - Nasal branches

V2 - Nasopalatine nerve

18
Q

What arteries provide blood to the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine artery - from mxillary

Anterior and Posterior ethmoidal arteries from the ophthalmic artery

Branches of the facial artery

19
Q

What veins drain from the nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoidal vein drain to ophthalmic vein

Branches to pterygoid venous plexus

Facial vein

20
Q

Why can epistaxis be extensive?

A

The anastomoses located within the nasal cavity

Spurting if arterial

21
Q

What are the lymphatic nodes within the nasal cavity?

A

Retro-pharyngeal nodes

22
Q

What are the paranasal air sinuses?

A

Air filled extensions of the nassal cavity

All paired, develop after birth, lined by mucous membrane

Serve to lighten bones

23
Q

What are the names of the three paranasal air sinuses?

A

Frontal - separate by spetum, variable

Ethmoid - also called air cells (ant. mid. post.)

Sphenoid - in body of sphenoid bone

24
Q

Describe the maxillary sinus.

A

Largest sinus that occupies the entire body of the maxilla

25
Q

Why can the maxillary sinus be damaged by tooth extraction?

A

Roots of maxillary teeth are in the floor of the sinus

26
Q

Why can an infected sinus feel like a tooth ache?

A

Anterior and Posterior superior alveolar nerves supply the maxillary sinus and teeth

27
Q

What is posterior cleft palate?

A

Failure of fusion of the maxillary processes on both sides

28
Q

What is anterior cleft palate?

A

Failure of fusion of medial nasal process and maxillary process

*Same as cleft lip

29
Q

What is the soft palate?

A

Collection of muscles with a central aponeurosis (tendon)

Functions as a flap valve closes off nasopharynx during swallowing

30
Q

What arteries supply blood to the palate?

A

Descending palatine artery - Divides to greater Pal. A. (to hard palate) and Lesser Pal. A. (to soft)

Sphenopalatine artery

Ascending palatine artery (from facial)

31
Q

What is the innervation of the palate?

A

Greater palatine N. and Nasopalatine N. to hard palate

Lesser Palatine N. to soft

All from V2**

32
Q

What are the palatine tonsils?

A

Lymphoid tissue in oropharynx between palatglossal and palatpharyngeal arches

SFII Test 2 (20 decks)

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