Naming Flashcards
Alkanes
Have only single C-C bonds
Alkenes
A carbon-carbon double bond
Alkynes
A carbon-carbon triple bond
Alkyl halides (or haloalkanes)
A halogen is attached to a carbon (C-Halogen)
Primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl halide
Have to look at the carbon that is linked to the halogen. The amount of carbons attached to that particular carbon determine whether it is a primary (linked to 1 other carbon), secondary (2 other carbons), or tertiary (3 other carbons)
Alcohol
A carbon attached to an OH (C-OH)
“Phenol”
A benzene ring attached to an OH
“Enol”
A carbon double bonded to a carbon bonded to an OH. C=C-OH
Primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol
Have to look at the carbon that is linked to the OH. The amount of carbons attached to that particular carbon determine whether it is a primary (linked to 1 other carbon), secondary (2 other carbons), or tertiary (3 other carbons)
Ether
An oxygen with two single bonds attached to two carbons (C-O-C)
Amines
A carbon attached to a nitrogen (C-N) that is not attached to an oxygen
Primary, secondary, or tertiary amine
Primary is only one carbon attached to the nitrogen (the other two would be H). If it has two carbons, it is a secondary (and the other would be H). If it is tertiary, the N is attached to three Carbons.
Carbonyl Group
A carbon double bonded to an oxygen (C=O)
Amides
A carbon attached to nitrogen, but that carbon has a double bond to an oxygen (N-C=O)
Carboxylic Acids
A Carbon double bonded to an Oxygen that is also bonded to OH (O=C-OH)
Aldehyde
One of the atoms attached to the carbon that is double bonded to the O is a hydrogen, the other can be another carbon or a hydrogen (O=C–HH)or(O=C–HC)
Ketones
Carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to two other carbons (O=C–CC)
Esters
An oxygen double bonded to a carbon, which is single bonded to an oxygen, which is single bonded to another carbon (O=C-O-C)
Nitriles
Carbon triple bonded to a nitrogen
Alkyl Group
An compound that includes a C-C bond, but is missing a hydrogen
Anhydride
An oxygen double bonded to a carbon, which is single bonded to an oxygen, which is single bonded to a carbon, which is double bonded to an oxygen (O=C-O-C=O)
Acid Halides
An oxygen double bonded to a carbon, which is single bonded with a halogen (O=C-R)
Thiols
A carbon attached to SH (C-SH)
Thioethers
A carbon single bonded to a S, which is single bonded with a carbon (C-S-C)
Methyl Group
A carbon single bonded to three hydrogens (C—HHH)
Aromatic Group
A ring of six or five carbons
single C-C bonds
Alkanes
A carbon-carbon double bond
Alkenes
A carbon-carbon triple bond
Alkynes
A halogen is attached to a carbon
Alkyl halides (or haloalkanes)
A carbon attached to an OH
Alcohol
A benzene ring attached to an OH
“Phenol”
A carbon carbon double bond that is attached to an OH
“Enol”
An oxygen with two single bonds attached to two carbons
Ether
A carbon attached to a nitrogen (C-N) that is not attached to an oxygen
Amines
Group->
A carbon double bonded to an oxygen
Carbonyl Group
A carbon attached to nitrogen, but that carbon has a double bond to an oxygen (N-C=O)
Amides
A Carbon double bonded to an Oxygen that is also bonded to OH (O=C-OH)
Carboxylic Acids
Carbon is double bonded to an Oxygen. One of the atoms attached to that carbon is a hydrogen, the other can be another carbon or a hydrogen
Aldehyde
Carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to two other carbons
Ketones
An oxygen double bonded to a carbon, which is single bonded to an oxygen, which is single bonded to another carbon
Esters
Carbon triple bonded to a nitrogen
Nitriles
Group->
An compound that includes a C-C bond, but is missing a hydrogen
Alkyl Group
An oxygen double bonded to a carbon, which is single bonded to an oxygen, which is single bonded to a carbon, which is double bonded to an oxygen
Anhydride
An oxygen double bonded to a carbon, which is single bonded with a halogen
Acid Halides
A carbon attached to SH
Thiols
A carbon single bonded to a S, which is single bonded with a carbon
Thioethers
Group->
A carbon single bonded to three hydrogens
Methyl Group
Group->
A ring of six carbons
Aromatic Group
Phenyl
A benzene ring without an H