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Ecology > Name that Biome! 1 > Flashcards

Name that Biome! 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Climate:

  • temperature constant
  • ranges of precepitation
A

Tropical rain forest

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2
Q

Climate:

-intensive dry seasons(6 month) spurred with rainy seasons(6 month)

A

Tropical dry forest

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3
Q

Climate:

  • more months of dry seasons
  • very short rainy seasons
A

Tropical savannah(grassland)

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4
Q

Climate:

  • variation in temperature
  • experiences freezing
  • low precipitation
  • dry pretty much year around(droughts)
A

Desert

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5
Q

Climate:

-cool, moist period interspersed with drought

A

Mediterranean woodland and shrubland(chapparal)

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6
Q

Climate:

-temperature fluctuations, experience freezing months(winter), some experience drought, and variant precipitation

A

Temperate grassland

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7
Q

Climate:
-experience summer and winter, high degree of temperature variation, large periods of stable rainfall, and droughts out west.

A

Temperate forest

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8
Q

Climate:

-extreme freezing temperatures, very short month of summer, very small amount of stable rainfall

A

Boreal forest(Taiga)

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9
Q

Climate:

-many months of freezing, cold temperatures, not a lot of fluctuation in precipitation.

A

Tundra

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10
Q

Climate:

  • lower elevation=warmer temperatures
  • higher elevation=cooler temperatures and maybe snow
  • precipitation varies with latitude
A

Mountains

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11
Q

Highest decomposition rate

A

tropical rainforest

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12
Q

Lowest decomposition rate

A

Boreal forest

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13
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • lots of rain=lots of leaching
  • warm temperature=rapid decomposition
  • low in organic matter
  • nutrient poor
A

Tropical rain forest

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14
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • nutrient rich soils
  • highly vulnerable to erosion(due to torrential downpours in rainy seasons
A

Tropical dry season

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15
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • very low permeability
  • dense impermeable layer that retains water
  • cannot support trees
A

Tropical savanna(grasslands)

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16
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • low in organic material(no O horizon)
  • lithosols(stone or mineral soils)
  • high salt concentrations
  • caliche(calcium carbonate hardpan horizon)
A

Desert

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17
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • low to moderate fertility
  • some have been heavily grazed
A

Mediterranean woodland or shabland(Chapparal)

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18
Q

Soil characteristics:

-fertile and have lots of organic mater

A

Temperate grasslands

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19
Q

Soil characteristics:
-low fertility(plant mycorrhizal fungi mutualism)
-acidic—>very low decomposition rate
-thin layer of soil
-stored carbon
(Permafrost permanently frozen soil layer)
-wetlands

A

Boreal forest(Taiga)

20
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • very slow decomposition
  • cold conditions
  • accumulation of peat and humus
  • soil conditions dominated by permafrost
  • summer thawing of surface soils
A

Tundra

21
Q

Soil characteristics:

  • well drained due to topography
  • thin
  • prone to erosion
  • winds from the lowlands carry soil partials and organic matter up the slopes
A

Mountains

22
Q

Biology:

  • lots more abundant plant life (epiphytes)
  • really large trees(provide substrate for epiphytes)
  • mutualism between plants and mycorrhizal fungi
  • high diversity of organisms(bacteria, protests, fungi, plants and animals)
A

Tropical rainforest

23
Q

Biology:

  • herbivores
  • plants are protective against herbivores
  • plants close leaves at night
  • large deciduous trees
A

Tropical dry forest

24
Q

Biology:

  • large mammals
  • cool birds
  • small herbivors—>large predators
  • grasses
A

Tropical Savannah(grasslands)

25
Q

Biology:

  • succulents(cacti etc.)
  • thorns
  • plants and animals are highly adapted to deal with drought conditions and low availability of nutrients or plant life to eat.
A

Desert

26
Q

Biology:

  • evergreen trees and shrubs
  • dense vegetation
  • fire resistant plants
  • trees have thick fire resistant bark
  • shrubs resprout and grow quickly
  • summer dieback
  • avoid drought and fire
A

Mediterranean woodland and shrubland(Chaparral)

27
Q

Biology:
-large herbivors(bison, antelop like animals)
0grasses
-broad leaf plants that flower

A

Temperate grassland

28
Q

Biology:

  • deciduous trees
  • western forest: conifers
  • fungi
A

Temperate forests

29
Q

Biology:

  • conifers
  • shrubs and berries
  • deciduous trees(aspen and birch)
  • extensive migrations
  • caribou
  • moose
  • bears
  • wolves
  • migratory tropical birds(warblers)
A

Boreal forest

30
Q

Biology:

  • not very many trees
  • (mostly) lichen and mosses
  • herbaceas shrubs
  • caribou
  • artic fox
  • (bird) rock ptarmigan
  • mustox
  • bears
  • wolves
A

Tundra

31
Q

Biology:

  • mountain goats
  • snow leopards
  • American pika(rodent)
A

Mountains

32
Q 
Relevant disturbances(RD):
-flooding
A

Tropical rain forest

33
Q

RD:

-grassland fires

A

Tropical grasslands

34
Q

RD:

-Fire

A

Chapparal

35
Q

RD:

-fire in the west

A

Temperate forests

36
Q

RD:

-fire (extensive dive to stored carbon in the soil)

A

Boreal forest

37
Q

Geography:

-between 0-10 degrees latitude

A

Tropical rainforest

38
Q

Geography:

-between 10-25 degrees latitude

A

Tropical dry forest

39
Q

Geography:

  • between 10-20 degrees in latitude
  • next to tropical dry forests
A

Tropical Savannas

40
Q

Geography:

  • 30 degrees latitude
  • where mountains cause rain shadow effect
A

Desert

41
Q

Geography :

  • around the mediterean sea
  • between 30-40 degrees latitude
A

Chapparal

42
Q

geography:

-between 30-55 degrees latitude

A

Temperate grassland

43
Q

Geography:

  • between 50-65 degrees latitude
  • ONLY IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
A

Temperate forests

44
Q
  • ONLY IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE

- between 65 degrees latitude and arctic circle

A

Tundra

45
Q

Geography:
-All over the earth
Only belong in the northern hemisphere

A

Mountains

46
Q

RD:

-avalanches

A

Mountains

47
Q

Why are there differnt biomes

A

-the amount of solar energy recieved by the N and S hemisphere changes seasonally

Ecology (9 decks)

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