NAM Flashcards
Where was the idea of nonalignment movement conceive?
Conference of Afro Asian countries health in New Delhi in 1947
Bandung conference
in its truest sense, the NAM took a proper shape at the Bandung Conference of Afro-Asian countries held in Indonesia in 1955. The attending twenty-nine nations declared their wish not to get involved in the Cold War and adopted a Declaration on Promotion of World Peace and Cooperation, which included Nehru’s five principles. The Bandung Conference emphasized the need for emancipation of the people from colonial rule and urged the newly independent nation-states to stay away from bloc politics and adhere to the principles of nonalignment. This conference had built the base for the movement.
First NAM summit
Belgrade , the capital city of former Yugoslavia in 1961
How many countries attended the first NAM summit
25
Conditions required for a state to be declared a non-aligned State
The summit set five conditions, mainly based on panchsheel, for a state to become a member of the NAM. These are as follows:
i. a state willing to join the NAM must formulate an independent foreign policy aimed at establishing mutual cooperation among nation-states;
i. it should support independence and right to self-determination of every nationality; ili. it should not be a member of any military alliance created out of conflicts of big powers; iv. if it enters into any bilateral or regional military alliance, such agreement or alliance must
not be created out of conflicts of the big powers;
v. if it allows any foreign military base on its soil, such base must not be created out of the conflicts of big powers.
At present, how many members does NAM have?
120
Who is the chairperson of NAM
Members chair the different summits by official rotation. The Head of the State or the Head of the Government of the country where a NAM summit is held becomes the chairperson of the NAM for the next three years, or fill a fresh summit is organized in another country. Thus, the head of the state or the government of a new NAM summit takes over as the new chairperson of the organization. The head of the state of Venezuela became the new chairperson of NAM in 2016.
Total of how many non-aligned Summit were held
- It takes place every three years.
12th NAM summit at Durban in South Africa or the Durban Declaration
Although the Durban Declaration outlined the brighter sides of globalization and liberal economy, it also sent out signals of caution about the negative influence of globalization and liberal economy on the developing nations. The declaration cautioned the developing nations about the economic disparity that might be created as a result of globalization and free market economy.
The rich and developed countries might reap the fruits of liberal economy and globalization, warned the declaration. It also stated that the NAM should strive hard to remove the stark economic disparity between the developed and the developing world in the post-Cold War world.
Finally, it outlined the role of the NAM in eradicating the dangers of the Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) like nuclear, chemical, biological and radiological weapons, and urged the NAM countries to wage a fresh struggle against deadly diseases like AIDS, cancer and thalasemia, that have posed severe health hazards to the world.
NAM in post Cold War era
The nine NAM summits held so far after the Cold War put emphasis on the social and economic progress of the developing nations, and the role of the NAM in these areas. From a primarily political orientation during the Cold War, the NAM has shifted its attention to socio-economic, ecological, health, antiterrorism and related issues during the post-Cold War period. This does not mean that the NAM has dropped its political agenda; it is still a significant base for upholding the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the developing countries, as also an important platform to fight for the right to self-determination of oppressed nationalities. Alongside its political agenda, the NAM is also putting emphasis on other areas as mentioned above, because these issues have gained prominence in international relations after the Cold War.
