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Nursing N368 Pharmacology I > n368_pharmacology_final_review_drugs_20140817171455 > Flashcards

n368_pharmacology_final_review_drugs_20140817171455 Flashcards

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1
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan), name the drug SEs?

A

Drowsiness, sedation, respiratory depression

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2
Q

Naloxone (Narcan), name the drug SEs?

A

tachycardia, nervousness, dizziness

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3
Q

Epinephrine, name the drug SEs?

A

Headache Nausea Restlessness Weakness Dysrhythmias

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4
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon), name the drug SEs?

A

N/V, anxiety

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5
Q

Atropine, name the drug SEs?

A

Inc. in HR, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention

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6
Q

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - Phenothiazines, name the drug SEs?

A

EPS, tardive dyskinesia, dystonia, akathisia), parkinsonism, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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7
Q

Lipitor, name the drug SEs?

A

muscle and joint pain

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8
Q

Furosemide (Lasix), name the drug SEs?

A

Hypokalemia, postural hypotension, tinnitis

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9
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), name the drug SEs?

A

hypotension; hypokalemia

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10
Q

Atenolol (Tenormin), name the drug SEs?

A

bradycardia, bronchonstriction

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11
Q

Nifedipine (Procardia), name the drug SEs?

A

-dizziness -headache -risk for CHF’

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12
Q

Doxazosin (Cardura), name the drug SEs?

A

orthostatic hypotension and dizziness

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13
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc), name the drug SEs?

A

-dizziness -headache -risk for CHF’

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14
Q

Metoprolol (Toprol- XL), name the drug SEs?

A

bradycardia, bronchonstriction

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15
Q

Captopril (Capoten), name the drug SEs?

A

persistent dry cough; hypotension

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16
Q

Hydralazine (Apresoline), name the drug SEs?

A

reflex tachycardia; hypotensions

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17
Q

Carvedilol (Coreg), name the drug SEs?

A

bronchoconstriction, bradycardia

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18
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin), name the drug SEs?

A

neutropenia; digitalis toxicity

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19
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox), name the drug SEs?

A

dehydration, pancytopenia

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20
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol), name the drug SEs?

A

Hypokalemia, postural hypotension, tinnitis

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21
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex), name the drug SEs?

A

hypotension; hypokalemia

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22
Q

Amphotericin B, name the drug SEs?

A

flu-like sx

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23
Q

Gentamycin _ Aminoglycoside, name the drug SEs?

A

ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

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24
Q

Kayexalate - aminoglycoside, name the drug SEs?

A

ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

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25
Q

Tetracycline, name the drug SEs?

A

super infections, nausea

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26
Q

Fluoroquinolone (Cipro), name the drug SEs?

A

phototoxicity, hepatoxicity

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27
Q

Flagyl, name the drug SEs?

A

GI upset

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28
Q

Amoxacillin, name the drug SEs?

A

allergic reaction (rash, fever) diarrhea

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29
Q

Augumentin (amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium), name the drug SEs?

A

allergic reaction (rash, fever) diarrhea

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30
Q

Zithromycin (aka azithromycin), name the drug SEs?

A

nausea, abdominal cramping, Most severe is hepatotoxicity

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31
Q

Vancomycin, name the drug SEs?

A

otoxicity and nephrotoxicity

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32
Q

Doxycycline, name the drug SEs?

A

Chlamydia; skin infections, acne

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33
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin), name the drug SEs?

A

Inc. BP, rebound congestion, anxiety,Narrow angle glaucomaContraindication to patients with acute pancreatitis, heart disease, narrow-angle glaucoma

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34
Q

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), name the drug SEs?

A

transient nasal irritation, burning, sneezing, or dryness, headache, rebound congestion - topical/nasal spray

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35
Q

Albuterol, name the drug SEs?

A

Headache, dizziness, tremor, nervousness, throat irritation, tachycardia

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36
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent), name the drug SEs?

A

Headache, dizziness, tremor, nervousness, throat irritation, tachycardia

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37
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent), name the drug SEs?

A

Anticholinergic SE- transient nasal irritation, burning, sneezing, dryness, headache

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38
Q

Theophylline, name the drug SEs?

A

__Nausea, vomiting, CNS stimulation (nervousness, tremors); narrow margin of safety

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39
Q

Sandimmune, name the drug SEs?

A

hypertension, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, reduction in urine flow

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40
Q

Metformin (Glucophage), name the drug SEs?

A

Flatulence, diarrhea, nausea, anorexia,

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41
Q

Glyburide, Glipizid, Glimepride , name the drug SEs?

A

hypoglycemia, hepatoxicity, and weight gain

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42
Q

Actos, Avandia, name the drug SEs?

A

hepatoxicity (check liver enzymes), CHF, increased fluid retention

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43
Q

Aldactone, name the drug SEs?

A

fluid and electrolyte imbalance; hyperkalemia that can lead to dysrhythmia

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44
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan), name the drug TX?

A

anxiety

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45
Q

Naloxone (Narcan), name the drug TX?

A

opioid OD

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46
Q

Epinephrine, name the drug TX?

A

anaphylaxis; cardiac arrest, V fib

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47
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon), name the drug TX?

A

benzo OD

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48
Q

Atropine, name the drug TX?

A

anticholinesterase agents toxicity; e.g. if someone has tardive dyskinesia use atropine to reverse

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49
Q

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - Phenothiazines, name the drug TX?

A

schizophrenia

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50
Q

Lipitor, name the drug TX?

A

Hyperlipidemia

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51
Q

Furosemide (Lasix), name the drug TX?

A

CHF, HTN, Edema

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52
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), name the drug TX?

A

HTN

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53
Q

Atenolol (Tenormin), name the drug TX?

A

HTN, angina

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54
Q

Nifedipine (Procardia), name the drug TX?

A

HTN

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55
Q

Doxazosin (Cardura), name the drug TX?

A

Secondary HTN

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56
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc), name the drug TX?

A

HTN

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57
Q

Metoprolol (Toprol- XL), name the drug TX?

A

HTN; CHF

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58
Q

Captopril (Capoten), name the drug TX?

A

CHF, HTN

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59
Q

Hydralazine (Apresoline), name the drug TX?

A

CHF, HTN

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60
Q

Carvedilol (Coreg), name the drug TX?

A

CHF

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61
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin), name the drug TX?

A

CHF

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62
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox), name the drug TX?

A

renal failure

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63
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol), name the drug TX?

A

reduce ICP (intracranial Pressure)

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64
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex), name the drug TX?

A

CHF, HTN, Edema

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65
Q

Amphotericin B, name the drug TX?

A

fungal infections

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66
Q

Gentamycin _ Aminoglycoside, name the drug TX?

A

G(-) bacteria

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67
Q

Kayexalate - aminoglycoside, name the drug TX?

A

G(-) bacteria

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68
Q

Tetracycline, name the drug TX?

A

Tx for chlamydi; G (+) G(-) bacteria

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69
Q

Fluoroquinolone (Cipro), name the drug TX?

A

Effective against G(+); G(-) organisms ophthalmic infections, sinusitis, and prostatitis

70
Q

Flagyl, name the drug TX?

A

H. pylori

71
Q

Amoxacillin, name the drug TX?

A

G (+), gonorrhea and syphilis

72
Q

Augumentin (amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium), name the drug TX?

A

H.flu or M. catarrhalis

73
Q

Zithromycin (aka azithromycin), name the drug TX?

A

H. pylori (peptic ulcers) and Whooping cough, Gram (-)

74
Q

Vancomycin, name the drug TX?

A

anti-MRSA

75
Q

Doxycycline, name the drug TX?

A

superinfections, nausea

76
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin), name the drug TX?

A

Allergic rhinitis and common cold

77
Q

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), name the drug TX?

A

Allergic rhinitis and common cold

78
Q

Albuterol, name the drug TX?

A

asthma & pulm. Disorders

79
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent), name the drug TX?

A

asthma & pulm. Disorders

80
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent), name the drug TX?

A

asthma & pulm. Disorders

81
Q

Theophylline, name the drug TX?

A

chronic asthma & COPD

82
Q

Sandimmune, name the drug TX?

A

prevention of organ rejection

83
Q

Metformin (Glucophage), name the drug TX?

A

oral antidiabetic

84
Q

Glyburide, Glipizid, Glimepride , name the drug TX?

A

oral antidiabetic

85
Q

Actos, Avandia, name the drug TX?

A

DM Type II

86
Q

Aldactone, name the drug TX?

A

HTN; CHF; Ascites from liver disease

87
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan), name the drug mechanism?

A

Bind GABA channel, hence GABA Agonist (i.e. mimics GABA’s inhibitory effect)

88
Q

Naloxone (Narcan), name the drug mechanism?

A

antagonizes opioid effect

89
Q

Epinephrine, name the drug mechanism?

A

stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

90
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon), name the drug mechanism?

A

competitively inhibits benzo receptor site

91
Q

Atropine, name the drug mechanism?

A

antagonist of muscarinic Ach receptors

92
Q

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - Phenothiazines, name the drug mechanism?

A

Blocking D2-Dopamine receptor

93
Q

Lipitor, name the drug mechanism?

A

Interfere with HMG-CoA reductase, the critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol

94
Q

Furosemide (Lasix), name the drug mechanism?

A

Act on ascending limb of the loop of Henle to block the reabsorption of sodium and water.

95
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), name the drug mechanism?

A

Antihypertensive; act on the early distal tubule to block the reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water; Excretion of potassium is increased.

96
Q

Atenolol (Tenormin), name the drug mechanism?

A

blocks beta adrenergic receptors

97
Q

Nifedipine (Procardia), name the drug mechanism?

A

block calcium ion channels in arterial smooth muscles, causing vasodilation and decrease heart contractility

98
Q

Doxazosin (Cardura), name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit sympathetic activation of arterioles thereby causing vasodilation

99
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc), name the drug mechanism?

A

block calcium ion channels in arterial smooth muscles, causing vasodilation and decrease heart contractility

100
Q

Metoprolol (Toprol- XL), name the drug mechanism?

A

decrease cardiac workload by slowing HR

101
Q

Captopril (Capoten), name the drug mechanism?

A

Antihypertensive; block formation of angiotensin II, causing vasodilation, and block aldosterone secretion, decreasing fluid volume

102
Q

Hydralazine (Apresoline), name the drug mechanism?

A

decrease the cardiac afterload by dilating vessels and reducing preload

103
Q

Carvedilol (Coreg), name the drug mechanism?

A

Used to improve cardiac function; decrease cardiac workload by slowing the HR (beta-1 effect )and decreasing blood pressure (alph1-effect: carvedilol)

104
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin), name the drug mechanism?

A

Inotropics;Increase cardiac output by increasing the force of myocardial contraction

105
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox), name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit carbonic anhydrase from making carbonic acid from CO2 and water, hence more water & CO2 ouput; decrease volume

106
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol), name the drug mechanism?

A

increase osmotic pressure of glomerular filtrate thereby inhibit reabsorption of water

107
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex), name the drug mechanism?

A

Act on ascending limb of the loop of Henle to block the reabsorption of sodium and water.

108
Q

Amphotericin B, name the drug mechanism?

A

changes permeability in membrane leading to cell death

109
Q

Gentamycin _ Aminoglycoside, name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit bacteria protein synthesis

110
Q

Kayexalate - aminoglycoside, name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit bacteria protein synthesis

111
Q

Tetracycline, name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, slowsuperinfections, nauseatetracycline HCL (Achromycin, others)__

112
Q

Fluoroquinolone (Cipro), name the drug mechanism?

A

to inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase ,Affects bacterial replication and DNA repair,Effective against G(+); G(-) organism

113
Q

Flagyl, name the drug mechanism?

A

mechanism action N/A

114
Q

Amoxacillin, name the drug mechanism?

A

kill bacteria by disrupting their cell walls and allowing water to enter

115
Q

Augumentin (amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium), name the drug mechanism?

A

clavulanate inhibits betalactamase destruction by bacteria allowing amoxicillin to work by disrupting cell wall

116
Q

Zithromycin (aka azithromycin), name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosome

117
Q

Vancomycin, name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibits cells wall biosynth. Increase permeability of cell membrane

118
Q

Doxycycline, name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, slowsuperinfections, nauseatetracycline HCL (Achromycin, others)

119
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin), name the drug mechanism?

A

alpha 1 agonist

120
Q

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), name the drug mechanism?

A

vasconstricts vessels in nasal tissues

121
Q

Albuterol, name the drug mechanism?

A

binds to beta 2 receptors causing bronchodilation

122
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent), name the drug mechanism?

A

binds to beta 2 receptors causing bronchodilation

123
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent), name the drug mechanism?

A

blocks PNS (rest and digest), thereby blocking bronchoconstriction and resulting in bronchodilation

124
Q

Theophylline, name the drug mechanism?

A

inhibition of isozymes

125
Q

Sandimmune, name the drug mechanism?

A

Immunosuppressant; Bind to calcineurin, an intracellular messenger, and disrupt T cells

126
Q

Metformin (Glucophage), name the drug mechanism?

A

decreases hepatic production of glucose

127
Q

Glyburide, Glipizid, Glimepride , name the drug mechanism?

A

increase insulin secretion from pancreas; increase

128
Q

Actos, Avandia, name the drug mechanism?

A

decr insulin resistance;

129
Q

Aldactone, name the drug mechanism?

A

acts on late distal tubule blocking sodium, but retain potassium

130
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan), name the drug class?

A

Benzodiazepine

131
Q

Naloxone (Narcan), name the drug class?

A

opioid antidote

132
Q

Epinephrine, name the drug class?

A

adrenergic

133
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon), name the drug class?

A

GABA antagonist; benzo antidote

134
Q

Atropine, name the drug class?

A

anticholinergic

135
Q

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - Phenothiazines, name the drug class?

A

typical antipsychotic

136
Q

Lipitor, name the drug class?

A

statin (HMG-Co A1 reductase inhibitor))

137
Q

Furosemide (Lasix), name the drug class?

A

Loop diuretic, anti-HTN

138
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), name the drug class?

A

Diuretic; thiazide

139
Q

Atenolol (Tenormin), name the drug class?

A

Beta Blocker (aka beta antagonist)

140
Q

Nifedipine (Procardia), name the drug class?

A

CCB, anti-HTN

141
Q

Doxazosin (Cardura), name the drug class?

A

Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist; ant-HTN

142
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc), name the drug class?

A

CCB

143
Q

Metoprolol (Toprol- XL), name the drug class?

A

anti-HTN, Beta Blocker (aka beta antagonist)

144
Q

Captopril (Capoten), name the drug class?

A

ACE Inhibitor

145
Q

Hydralazine (Apresoline), name the drug class?

A

Direct Vasodilator

146
Q

Carvedilol (Coreg), name the drug class?

A

Beta Blocker & Alpha 1 selective blocker

147
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin), name the drug class?

A

cardiac glycoside; inotropic

148
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox), name the drug class?

A

Diuretic; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

149
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol), name the drug class?

A

Osmotic Diuretic

150
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex), name the drug class?

A

Loop diuretic, anti-HTN

151
Q

Amphotericin B, name the drug class?

A

antifungal

152
Q

Gentamycin _ Aminoglycoside, name the drug class?

A

antibiotic, bactericidal; broad spectrum

153
Q

Kayexalate - aminoglycoside, name the drug class?

A

antibiotic, bactericidal; broad spectrum

154
Q

Tetracycline, name the drug class?

A

antibiotic, broad spectrum, bacteriostatic

155
Q

Fluoroquinolone (Cipro), name the drug class?

A

antibiotic (broad spectrum); bactericidal

156
Q

Flagyl, name the drug class?

A

metronidazole, antibiotic

157
Q

Amoxacillin, name the drug class?

A

aminopenicillin; bactericidal

158
Q

Augumentin (amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium), name the drug class?

A

bactericidal, aminopenicllin and betalactamase inhibitor combination

159
Q

Zithromycin (aka azithromycin), name the drug class?

A

Macrolide, antibiotic

160
Q

Vancomycin, name the drug class?

A

vancomycin (its own class), bactericidal, antibiotic

161
Q

Doxycycline, name the drug class?

A

tetracycline, antibiotic, bacteriostatic

162
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin), name the drug class?

A

Decongestant

163
Q

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), name the drug class?

A

Decongestant

164
Q

Albuterol, name the drug class?

A

Bronchodilators

165
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent), name the drug class?

A

Bronchodilators

166
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent), name the drug class?

A

Bronchodilators; anticholinergic

167
Q

Theophylline, name the drug class?

A

Bronchodilators

168
Q

Sandimmune, name the drug class?

A

Calcineurin inhibitors (i.e., CYCLOSPORIN)

169
Q

Metformin (Glucophage), name the drug class?

A

Biguinide; oral antidiabetic

170
Q

Glyburide, Glipizid, Glimepride , name the drug class?

A

second gen sulfonylurea

171
Q

Actos, Avandia, name the drug class?

A

oral antidiabetic, glitazone

172
Q

Aldactone, name the drug class?

A

Diuretic; potassium-sparing antidiuretic

Nursing N368 Pharmacology I (16 decks)

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