N368 Final Drugs Mechanisms Flashcards
Lorazepam (Ativan), name the drug mechanism?
Bind GABA channel, hence GABA Agonist (i.e. mimics GABA’s inhibitory effect)
Naloxone (Narcan), name the drug mechanism?
antagonizes opioid effect
Epinephrine, name the drug mechanism?
stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
Flumazenil (Romazicon), name the drug mechanism?
competitively inhibits benzo receptor site
Atropine, name the drug mechanism?
antagonist of muscarinic Ach receptors
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - Phenothiazines, name the drug mechanism?
Blocking D2-Dopamine receptor
Lipitor, name the drug mechanism?
Interfere with HMG-CoA reductase, the critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol
Furosemide (Lasix), name the drug mechanism?
Act on ascending limb of the loop of Henle to block the reabsorption of sodium and water.
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), name the drug mechanism?
Antihypertensive; act on the early distal tubule to block the reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water; Excretion of potassium is increased.
Atenolol (Tenormin), name the drug mechanism?
blocks beta adrenergic receptors
Nifedipine (Procardia), name the drug mechanism?
block calcium ion channels in arterial smooth muscles, causing vasodilation and decrease heart contractility
Doxazosin (Cardura), name the drug mechanism?
inhibit sympathetic activation of arterioles thereby causing vasodilation
Amlodipine (Norvasc), name the drug mechanism?
block calcium ion channels in arterial smooth muscles, causing vasodilation and decrease heart contractility
Metoprolol (Toprol- XL), name the drug mechanism?
decrease cardiac workload by slowing HR
Captopril (Capoten), name the drug mechanism?
Antihypertensive; block formation of angiotensin II, causing vasodilation, and block aldosterone secretion, decreasing fluid volume
Hydralazine (Apresoline), name the drug mechanism?
decrease the cardiac afterload by dilating vessels and reducing preload
Carvedilol (Coreg), name the drug mechanism?
Used to improve cardiac function; decrease cardiac workload by slowing the HR (beta-1 effect )and decreasing blood pressure (alph1-effect: carvedilol)
Digoxin (Lanoxin), name the drug mechanism?
Inotropics;
Increase cardiac output by increasing the force of myocardial contraction
Acetazolamide (Diamox), name the drug mechanism?
inhibit carbonic anhydrase from making carbonic acid from CO2 and water, hence more water & CO2 ouput; decrease volume
Mannitol (Osmitrol), name the drug mechanism?
increase osmotic pressure of glomerular filtrate thereby inhibit reabsorption of water
Bumetanide (Bumex), name the drug mechanism?
Act on ascending limb of the loop of Henle to block the reabsorption of sodium and water.
Amphotericin B, name the drug mechanism?
changes permeability in membrane leading to cell death
Gentamycin _ Aminoglycoside, name the drug mechanism?
inhibit bacteria protein synthesis
Kayexalate - aminoglycoside, name the drug mechanism?
inhibit bacteria protein synthesis
Tetracycline, name the drug mechanism?
inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, slow
superinfections, nausea
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin, others)
__
Fluoroquinolone (Cipro), name the drug mechanism?
to inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase ,Affects bacterial replication and DNA repair,
Effective against G(+); G(-) organism
Flagyl, name the drug mechanism?
mechanism action N/A
Amoxacillin, name the drug mechanism?
kill bacteria by disrupting their cell walls and allowing water to enter
Augumentin (amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium), name the drug mechanism?
clavulanate inhibits betalactamase destruction by bacteria allowing amoxicillin to work by disrupting cell wall
Zithromycin (aka azithromycin), name the drug mechanism?
inhibit protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosome
Vancomycin, name the drug mechanism?
inhibits cells wall biosynth. Increase permeability of cell membrane
Doxycycline, name the drug mechanism?
inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, slow
superinfections, nausea
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin, others)
Oxymetazoline (Afrin), name the drug mechanism?
alpha 1 agonist
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), name the drug mechanism?
vasconstricts vessels in nasal tissues
Albuterol, name the drug mechanism?
binds to beta 2 receptors causing bronchodilation
Salmeterol (Serevent), name the drug mechanism?
binds to beta 2 receptors causing bronchodilation
Ipratropium (Atrovent), name the drug mechanism?
blocks PNS (rest and digest), thereby blocking bronchoconstriction and resulting in bronchodilation
Theophylline, name the drug mechanism?
inhibition of isozymes
Sandimmune, name the drug mechanism?
Immunosuppressant; Bind to calcineurin, an intracellular messenger, and disrupt T cells
Metformin (Glucophage), name the drug mechanism?
decreases hepatic production of glucose
Glyburide, Glipizid, Glimepride , name the drug mechanism?
increase insulin secretion from pancreas; increase
Actos, Avandia, name the drug mechanism?
decr insulin resistance;
Aldactone, name the drug mechanism?
acts on late distal tubule blocking sodium, but retain potassium
