Myology

Question 1

fusiform muscle

Answer 1

Spindle shaped

Question 2

strap-like muscle

Answer 2

Question 3

sheet-like muscle

Answer 3

Question 4

Triangular muscle

Answer 4

Question 5

Quadrangular muscle

Answer 5

Question 6

Pennate Muscle

Answer 6

Unipennate, Bipennate or multipennate: Depends on the arrangement of muscle fibres forming the vein of the feather

Question 7

Epimysium

Answer 7

• A muscle is surrounded by connective tissue sheath termed epimysium
• the fibrous tissue envelope that surrounds skeletal muscle

Question 8

perimysium

Answer 8

• Within muscles are sheaths of connective tissue termed perimysium
• the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibres

Question 9

Endomysium

Answer 9

Bundles of muscle fibres and fine conective sheaths around individual muscle fibres

• meaning within the muscle, is a wispy layer of areolar connective tissue that ensheaths each individual myocyte (muscle fiber, or muscle cell)

Question 10

Quantity of connective tissue

Answer 10

The total quantity of connective tissue is greater in muscles that are involved in maitenance of posture or active extension of joints

• i.e. extensor muscles than in flexor muscles

Question 11

psoas major and psoas minor muscles

Answer 11

• gives tenderness to the fillet steak
• example of different connective tissue

Question 12

Deep Fascia

Answer 12

Groups of muscles may be enclosed by a sheet of connective tissue termed deep fascia

• Deep fascia (or investing fascia) is a fascia, a layer of dense connective tissue which can surround individual muscles, and also surround groups of muscles to separate into fascial compartments
• Thick layer of dense, fibrous connective tissue containing many collagen fibres

Question 13

Superficial fascia

Answer 13

• Lying immediately deep to the skin and formed of loose, fibrous connective tissue containing many blood vessels and vary variable quantities of fat
• superficial fascia : the thin layer of loose fatty connective tissue underlying the dermis and binding it to the parts beneath — called also hypodermis, tela subcutanea; compare deepfascia

Question 14

2 attachments of typical muscle

Answer 14

1. Origin: the more proximal and usually the less moveable
2. Insertion: the more distal and usually the more moveable

Question 15

Action of the muscle

Answer 15

When a muscle contracts it draws its points of attachment closer together. This is termed the action of the muscle

Question 16

Extrinsic Muscles

Answer 16

Those with one attachment to the trunk

Question 17

Intrinsic Muscles

Answer 17

Those with all attachments on the limb itself

Question 18

Concentric Contraction

Answer 18

a muscle shortens whilst expending energy

Question 19

Eccentric Contraction

Answer 19

An eccentric contraction is the motion of an active muscle while it is lengthening under load.

-a muscle may be stretched although it is active