Myocardial Infarction Flashcards
What is the pathophysiology of a STEMI?
Rupture or erosion of a vulnerable plaque causing prolonged occlusion of a coronary artery leading to myocardial necrosis
What are the symptoms and signs of a STEMI?
Severe chest pain Pain radiating to left arm, neck and jaw Dyspnoea Fatigue Marked sweating Thready pulse
What are the investigations for a STEMI?
Bloods - troponin levels Serum electrolytes Glucose and lipid profile TTE ECG
What is the treatment for a STEMI?
Aspirin and clopidogrel Oxygen GTN IV opiate Beta blocker PCI within 2 hours or thrombolysis if not possible within 2 hours
What are the contraindications of thrombolysis?
Recent bleeding and stroke
What are the complications of a STEMI?
Heart failure
Myocardial rupture and aneurysmal dilation
Mitral regurgitation
What are the aetiologies of an NSTEMI?
Unstable angina
ACS
What is the pathology of NSTEMI?
Atheroma, rupture and necrosis
What are the signs of NSTEMI?
Pathological Q waves on ECG
Increased troponin
ST depression
What are the symptoms of NSTEMI?
Stable/unstable angina
What are the investigations of NSTEMI?
ECG, Cardiac Enzymes, Angiography, Echo
What are the treatments of NSTEMI?
Aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin, statins, beta blockers, CABG, PCI, ACEi, analgesia
What are the complications of NSTEMI?
SCD
