Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS/MS)

Question 1

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Answer 1

-Hematopoetic disorder
-Progressive cytopenias in the PB
-Defect: Erythroid, Myeloid, Megakaryocytic
-Ineffective cellular production
-RA, RARS, RAEB, CMML, RAEB-t

Question 2

RA (Refractory Anemia)

Answer 2

-Unicytopenia
-Dysplasia >10% of myeloid lineage
- <15% erythroid precursors= ringed sideroblasts

Question 3

RARS (Refractory Anemia w/ ringed sideroblasts)

Answer 3

-No blasts
- >15% ringed siderblasts (necklace of iron granules around the nucleus)
-Erythroid dysplasia only

Question 4

RAEB (Refractory Anemia w/ excess blasts)
-RAEB-1
-RAEB-2

Answer 4

-Abnormalities in all 3 cell lines
-Pseudo Pelger-Huet anomaly
- ↓ LAP

RAEB-1: No auer rods, 5-9% blasts
RAEB-2: Auer rods +/- , 10-19% blasts

Question 5

CMML (Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia)

Answer 5

-Chronic monocytosis
- ↑ uric acid, promyelocytes
- BM: myelocytes & auer rods in blasts

Question 6

RAEB-t (Refractory Anemia w/ excess blasts in transformation)

Answer 6

• 20-30% blasts in BM
  -Auer rods