Myelodysplastic Syndromes Flashcards
What is Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)?
Heterogeneous group of myeloproliferative disorders originating from haematopoietic stem cell cancer.
What are the two main conditions caused by MDS?
- Myelodysplastic neoplasm
- Myeloproliferative neoplasm
What characterizes Myelodysplastic neoplasm?
Abnormal myeloid cells are produced in bone marrow and don’t enter circulation.
What is a consequence of Myeloproliferative neoplasm?
Overproliferation of myeloid cells can become AML.
True or False: Myeloproliferative neoplasm metastasizes to other organs.
False
What are some clinical features of MDS?
- Frequent infections due to leukopenia
- Easy bruising and bleeding from mucous membranes
- TATT, SOB, weakness
- Pallor due to anaemia
What does FBC stand for in the context of laboratory features?
Full Blood Count
What types of anaemia can be seen in MDS according to FBC?
- Macrocytic
- Normocytic
What are some laboratory findings in the peripheral blood film for MDS?
- Hypogranular or hypolobated neutrophils
- Enlarged or hypogranular platelets
- Some myeloblasts
What techniques are used for cytogenetic analysis in MDS?
- FISH
- Metaphase karyotyping
What does a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy show in MDS?
Heavy infiltration of abnormal bone marrow cells.
Why is a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy necessary in MDS?
Necessary for diagnosis.
