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Bacteria > Mycoplasma > Flashcards

Mycoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

Mycoplasma general characteristics

A

No cell wall
evolved from Gram positive
pleiomorphic bacteria
difficult to manipulate in vitro

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2
Q

Human pathogenic Mycoplasma

A 
M. pneumoniae
M. hominis
M. genitalium
M. fermentens
Ureaplasma urealyticum
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3
Q

Mycoplasma unique requirement

A

Require cholesterol- cant make cholesterol so much get it from host

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4
Q

Colony morphology of Mycoplasma

A

“fried egg” colony morpholoy

except M. pneumonia- round mulberry colony

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5
Q

Virulence factors of Mycoplasma

A

Hemolysins (alpha and beta)
adherence to ciliated respiratory epithelial cells
polysaccharide Capsule
Toxins

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6
Q

What toxin does M. pneumoniae produce?

A

Community Acquired Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) toxin- ADP ribosylating and vacuolating toxin

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7
Q

What is unique about M. pneumonia (of all the bacteria that cause primary community acquired pneumonia)?

A

M. pneumonia is associated with the appearance of cold agglutinins

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8
Q

Disease of M. pneumonia

A

atypical community acquired pneumonia
dry cough, fever, scratchy throat
“walking pneumonia”
leading cause of pneumonia in school aged children and young adults

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9
Q

M. pneumoniae diagnosis

A

Serology

PCR

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10
Q

Immune response to M. pneumonia

A

early response; IgM
late response: IgG
IgA in respiratory secretion and cell mediated immunity play a role in resistance
short term immunity

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11
Q

What are cold agglutinins and which bacteria is associated with it

A

M. pneumoniae
Cold agglutinins- IgM antibodies that agglutinate host RBCs at 4degC, not at at 37degC
during infection, some RBC antigens are damaged and not recognized as self anymore, and the host mounts a response against the RBC, Cold agglutinins represents a type of autoimmune response

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12
Q

Diganosis of M. pneumoniae

A

Serology: ELISA or latex agglutination assays for IgG and IgM
round mulberry colonies
B- hemolysis (M. pneumoniae have B-hemolysins)

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13
Q

Treatment of M. pneumoniae

A 
Doxycyclines
Ciprofloxin
Levofloxin
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
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14
Q

M. Mycoplasma prevention

A

No vaccines- immunity is short lived (same reason as for chlamydia)

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15
Q

Which Mycoplasma cause genital disease?

A

M. Hominis, M. genitalium, U. urealyticum
all members of normal flora- opportunistic pathogens
acquired through sexual contact

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16
Q

U. urealyticum is one of several agents that cause what?

A

non-gonococcal urethritis

17
Q

M. Fermentans and M. penetrans is associated with what?

A

HIV

HIV grow better in vitro if the host cells are already infected with M. fermentans or M. penetrans

Bacteria (16 decks)

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