Bordetella Flashcards

1
Q

important species? disease?

A

Bordetella pertussis- whooping cough

Bordetella parapertussis- don’t understand much about this disease

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2
Q

morphology of B. pertussis?

A

Gram negative coccobacilli
no polysaccharide capsule
aerobes

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3
Q

B. pertussis epidemiology

A

high contagious
aerosol spread
mostly affects young children (can be fatal in infants)
adults infected with less severe symptoms
respiratory tract may be major reservoir

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4
Q

B. pertussis diagnosis techniques

A

PCR

serology

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5
Q

Whooping cough stages:

A

Catarrhal stage- cold like symptoms, infectious
paraoxysomal stage- severe cough paroxysomes, leukocytosis
Convalescent stage: chronic cough, bacteria absent

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6
Q

Pathogenesis of B. pertussis

A

inhale with aerosol droplets
adhere to respiratory ciliated epithelium
produce 3 toxins that cause pathogenic effects: Pertussis Toxin, Adenylate cyclase toxin, tracheal cytotoxin

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7
Q

Pertussis toxin

A

ADP ribosoyl transferase that modifies Gi protein (interferes with signal transduction)- same as Diphtheria toxin, just different target
inhibits innate immune system
responsible for systemic effects of disease (leukocytosis)

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8
Q

Tracheal cytotoxin action

A

damages and deciliates epithelial cells

it is a peptidoglycan fragment

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9
Q

Adenylate cyclase toxin

A

targets and inactivates neutrophils

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10
Q

B. pertussis treatment

A

Azithromycin or clarithromycin (if treated early enough)
usually by time patients present, bacteria are absent and antibiotics dont help
supportive therapy- nutrition, oxygen, hydration
anti-tussive (anti-cough) medications ineffective
have to wait it out

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11
Q

B. pertussis vaccines

A

DTP: whole cell vaccine
DTaP: acellular vaccine
Tdap: acellular vaccine

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12
Q

DTP vaccine

A

whole cell vaccine
waning by adulthood
reactogenic

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13
Q

DTaP Vaccine

A
acellular vaccine
non-reactogenic
give at 2,4,6,18 mo, 5 year, booster at 11-13 years
for young children
protection wanes after a few years
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14
Q

Tdap vaccine

A

new vaccine for adolescents and adults

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