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mycoplasma Flashcards

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1
Q

what type of gram is Mycoplasma and how does it stain?

A

classified as gram + but stain as gram - b/c they have no peptidoglycan layer

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2
Q

what is added to the Mycoplasma membrane in order to give it stability?

A

sterols

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3
Q

where are nonhemotropic Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma found?

A

respiratory, articular surface, mammary glands, serous/serous membranes

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4
Q

where is hemotropic Mycoplasma found?

A

chemotropic mycoplasmas or hemoplasmas parasitized RBC which causes regenerative anemia
-found on surface of RBC

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5
Q

what was hemotropic mycoplasmas formerly known as?

A

haemobartonella and eperythrozoon

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6
Q

what type of mycoplasma was associated with infections but not pathogenic?

A

acholeplasma

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7
Q

what mycoplasma are reportable diseases? and in what species?

A

bovine- mycoplasma mycoides mycoides

caprine & ovine- mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae

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8
Q

what mycoplasma spp is monitored? and in what species

A

avian- M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae

caprine & ovine- M. agalactiae, M. capricolum capricolum, M. putrefaciens, M. mycoides capri, M. mycoides mycoides LC

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9
Q

what is significant about mycoplasma replication?

A

smallest self-replicating organism

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10
Q

describe mycoplasma cell wall structure

A

no cell wall= no peptidoglycan layer= no shape

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11
Q

what is the mycoplasma cell membrane comprised of?

A

unite (trilaminar) with cholesterol

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12
Q

what type of bacteria can have a temporary loss of peptidoglycan layer and can be mistaken for mycoplasma or vice versa?

A

L form bacteria

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13
Q

what can be used to stain mycoplasma?

A

dienes stain

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14
Q

describe mycoplasma
morphology
cells
colonies
nutrient req
repro
oxygen

A

morph- filterable
cells- cocci, spirals, filament, rings
colonies- fried egg shape
nutrients- fastidious; reduce genome with loss of metabolic pathways
repro- binary fission or elongation w/ breakup
oxygen- facultative anaerobes

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15
Q

what are the virulence factors for mycoplasma?

A

*adhesion
antigenic and phase variation
biofilm
H2O2
capsule
capping
mimicry

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16
Q

who is the reservoir for mycoplasma spp in hemotropic and nonhemotropic?

A

host

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17
Q

Dx for mycoplasma

A

sample
media
culture

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18
Q

when sampling mycoplasma where do you sample from and how and what time frame do you deliver it?

A

sources- mucosal scrape, tracheal exudate, aspirate

refrigerate and deliver 24-48 hours

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19
Q

when doing a media test for Dx of mycoplasma, how do you transport it and why?

A

with antimicrobials to limit G+ & G- overgrowth
-transport amides medium without charcoal
-mastitic milk add ampicillin

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20
Q

what types of cultures are used for mycoplasma?

A

PPLO
modified hay flick agar
-brain heart infusion base

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21
Q

what is the best method to Dx hemotropic mycoplasmas?

A

PCR & qPCR

22
Q

what is the treatment for mycoplasma

A

tetracycline
macrolides
fluoroquinolone

23
Q

causative agent for hemotropic infection in cats

A

mycoplasma haemofelis

24
Q

epidemiology for feline infectious anemia (hemoplasmosis)

A

hemotropic mycoplasmosis
common free roaming cats
transmission- bite wounds
recovered cat can be carrier

25
Q

what are the clinical presentations for feline infectious anemia (hemoplasmosis)

A

common acute form
-anemia

26
Q

best methods for Dx feline infectious anemia (hemoplasmosis)

A

PCR- best method
can also use Coombs test

27
Q

Tx for FIA

A

doxycycline

28
Q

mycoplasma gallisepticum clinical signs chicken vs turkey

A

chicken- chronic resp disease
turkey- infectious sinusitis and more severe

29
Q

Dx for mycoplasma gallisepticum

A

screen- flock testing
-serum plate agglutination test

30
Q

mycoplasma synoviae clinical signs

A

synovitis
turkey- sternal bursitis

31
Q

Dx for mycoplasma synoviae

A

PCR

32
Q

causative agent of swine enzootic pneumonia

A

mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

33
Q

when does mycoplasma hyopneumonia usually effect pigs?

A

8-20 weeks

34
Q

clinical signs of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

A

chronic nonproductive cough

35
Q

what mycoplasma species are associated with mycoplasma arthritis?

A

mycoplasma hyorhinis and hyosynoviae
-these are commensals

36
Q

what age does mycoplasma hyorhinis affect?

A

3-10 weeks

37
Q

what are the clinical presentations of mycoplasma hyorhinis

A

arthritis
polyserositis

38
Q

Dx of mycoplasma hyorhinis

A

joint fluid

39
Q

what are the characteristic signs of polyserositis and what other disease would be on your differential list?

A

polyserositis
-differentiate from glasser’s disease, glasserella parasuis

40
Q

at what age does mycoplasma hyosynoviae infect pigs?

A

12-30 weeks

41
Q

what does mycoplasma hyosynoviae cause in gilts

A

polyarthritis- from an upper resp tract source

42
Q

causative agent of bronchopneumonia and mastitis in feedlot cattle and severe pneumonia in calves

A

mycoplasma bovis

43
Q

bacterial involved in bovine resp disease complex

A

pasturella multocida
mannheimia haemolytica
histophillus somni ot truepurella pyogenes

44
Q

clinical presentation mycoplasma Bovis

A

harsh hacking cough
swollen joints & arthritis
primary joints- carpus shoulder hip hawk

45
Q

Tx for mycoplasma bovis

A

no effective treatment or vax

46
Q

causative agent for contagious agalactia in ovine and caprine

A

mycoplasma agalctiae

47
Q

what is the 3 part syndrome of mycoplasma agalactiae

A

mastitis
arthritis
keratoconjunctivitis

48
Q

where is mycoplasma mycoides mycoides found in the world

A

endemic central africa
Middle East

49
Q

clinical signs of mycoplasma mycoides mycoides

A

severe fibrous pneumonia

50
Q

cause of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

A

M. capricolum capripneumoniae

51
Q

what is important about mycoplasma cynos

A

-part of canine infectious resp disease
-one of causes of kennel cough

microbiology (12 decks)

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