chlamydia, pajaroellobacter, and moraxella Flashcards
what would not be a differential for small acne die-off of birds
leptospira interrogans
what agents are potentially zoonotic causes of abortion in humans?
brucella melitensis
coxiella burnetii
borellia burgdorferi
chlamydophila bouts
leptospira interrogans
what is the best samples to collect when there is a small scale bird die-off
conjunctival swab
cloacal swab
what are the test results if positive for a small scale bird die off?
chlamoydophila PCR+
is chlamydiaceae zoonotic?
yes
what is the infectious form of chlamydiaceae
elementary bodies
what is the intracellular form of chlamydiaceae?
reticulate bodies
what are the clinical presentations caused by chlamydiaceae?
psittacosis
repro losses
conjunctivitis
what are agents that cause abortions in sheep and are also zoonotic
if there is an abortion in sheep what samples do you want to collect?
aborted fetuses + placenta
blood from dam
what are tests you should run when there are abortions in sheep?
chlamoydophila FA/PCR
what other species are susceptible when there is abortions occurring in sheep?
humans
what causes cystitis and conjunctivitis in koalas and ruminants?
chlamoydophila pecorum
KIDS (koala immunodeficiency syndrome)- koala retrovirus similar to HIV
what chlamoydophila spp effects avians and humans? what target organs do they affect?
C. psittici
respiratory, GI, eyes
what chlamoydophila spp effects ruminants and humans? what target organs do they affect?
C. abortus
reproductive
what chlamoydophila spp affects cats? what target organs do they affect?
C. felis
eyes
what chlamoydophila spp affects guinea pigs? and what target organs do they affect?
C. caviae
eyes
what chlamoydophila spp affect ruminants and koalas? what target organs do they affect?
C. pecorum
ruminants- joints, eyes, CNS
koalas- eyes, reproductive
what is the pathogenesis of chlamydiaceae and how is it transmitted?
how do you diagnose chlamydiaceae?
collect fetal, placental tissues, conjunctival swabs to sample
-PCR
treatment for chlamydiaceae
tetracyclines
vaccination
isolation
removal of infectious materials
what is the life cycle of the typical chlamydial agent?
aerosol or fecal-oral trasmission
-environmental, infectious form
replication in mucous membranes or resp epithelium
-intracellular form
how do chlamydial infections induce disease, alone and in tandem with other agents?
what is the agent that causes foothills abortion in first-calf heifers
pajaroellobacter abortibovis
how is pajaroellobacter transmitted?
ornithodoros coriaceus (tick)
how do you diagnose pajaroellobacter abortibovis
PCR
IHC (aborted fetal tissues)
how do you prevent pajaroellobacter abortobovis
recently approved vaccination using live strains/attentuated 60 days prior to breeding
what are the differential diagnosis for bovine conjuntivits
what samples should you collect for bovine conjunctivitis?
conjunctival swabs
what tests should you run for bovine conjuntivitis?
culture
IBR FA
what is the pathogenesis and transmission of bovine conjunctivitis
direct contact
stressful events
what are the prevention and treatment methods for bovine conjunctivitis
quarantine
isolation
management
tetracycline
anti-inflammatories
vaccination available
what common infections are seen with moraxella and what other agents may contribute to clinical presentations?
conjunctivitis, often in concert with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
what predisposing factors contribute to clinical disease for morazella?
-stress
-seasonality and emergency of biological vectors
-intro of new animals which may be silent carriers
how are moraxella infections commonly diagnosed?
clinical appearance along with culture of conjunctival swab
how are moraxella infections typically prevented and treated?
quarantine new animals
isolation of infected
management of insect vectors
antibiotics- tetracyclines; anti-inf
a koala from the zoo presents with lesions, what is the best approach for diagnosing the disease?
PCR for chlamoydophila
what tick is considered a vector for the agent causing foothill abortion in cattle?
ornithodoros coriaceus
what is least likely associated with and outbreak of bovine conjunctivitis?
a closed herd receiving their yearly vaccines
