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microbiology > bartonella & rickettsiaceae 1 & 2 > Flashcards

bartonella & rickettsiaceae 1 & 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

what cell type is bartonella facultative intracellular for?

A

endothelial cells and erythrocytes

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2
Q

in what population does bartonella cause clinical disease in?

A

accidental host
reservoir host animals in poor health

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3
Q

what media do you grow bartonella on?

A

blood-enriched media (like chocolate agar)
-slow growth

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4
Q

what bartonella spp causes endocarditis, hepatitis and other clinical syndromes in dogs and in cats?

A

B. henselae

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5
Q

what is the reservoir for B. henselae

A

felids

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6
Q

what is the vector for B. henselae

A

cat flea

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7
Q

what disease does bartonella henselae cause and in what reservoir

A

endocarditis in felids

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8
Q

what is the primary disease caused by bartonella spp

A

endocarditis

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9
Q

what bacteria cause these lesions?

A

bartonella

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10
Q

how is bartonella diagnosed?

A

presumptive: clinical presentation + exposure to biting arthropods

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11
Q

how to confirm bartonella diagnosis

A

culture
PCR
MALDI-TOF

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12
Q

what is the treatment for bartonella

A

antimicrobials
-doxy, azithromycin, enrofloxacin

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13
Q

how do you control and prevent bartonella

A

limit animal exposure to vectors

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14
Q

what type of disease does rickettsiales cause?

A

arthropod-borne diseases

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15
Q

are rickettsiales facultative intracellular or obligate intracellular?

A

obligate intracellular

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16
Q

who are the accidental hosts for rickettsiales?

A

humans
-dead end

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17
Q

what are the following rickettsiales spp caused by
rickettsioses
anaplasmoses
ehrlichioses
neorickettsioses

A

rickettsia spp
anaplasma spp
ehrlichia spp
neorickettsia spp

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18
Q

what is reservoir host for rickettsiales?

A

ticks

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19
Q

what do rickettsiaceae spp induce host cells to do and what do they do once inside

A

they induce host cells to phagocytize them and once inside they escape phagosome and grow in cytoplasm and/or nucleus

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20
Q

where do rickettsiacaea invade and grow

A

in endothelial cells of small blood vessels > necrotizing vasculitis

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21
Q

what is the causitive agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

A

rickettsia rickettsia

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22
Q

what are the primary mammalian reservoirs for rickettsia rickettsia

A

wild rodents and other small mammals

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23
Q

what are the primary vectors for R. rickettsia

A

american dog tick
Rocky Mtn wood tick
*brown dog tick

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24
Q

what are the disease patterns for R. rickettsia

A
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25
Q

what bacteria causes this disease pattern?

A

R. rickettsia
(RMSF)

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26
Q

what bacteria causes this?

A

R. rickettsia
(RMSF)

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27
Q

what is the diagnosis for R. rickettsia

A

clinical presentation +exposure to RMSF
serology
PCR

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28
Q

what is the treatment for R. rickettsia

A

antibiotic, doxy
*treatment should not be delayed

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29
Q

what are the target cells for anaplasmataceae

A

infect cells of hematopoietic origin

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30
Q

where do anaplasmatatceae grow and where do they multiply

A

-most species grow in leukocytes
-multiply within membrane-bound structures called morulae

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31
Q

what anaplasma spp infect RBC of ruminants?

A

A. marginale

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32
Q

what anaplasma spp infects platelets primarily in canids?

A

A. platys

33
Q

what anaplasma spp. primarily infects granulocytes of diverse mammals

A

A. phagocytophilum

34
Q

what happens when cattle are infected with anaplasma marginale and survive?

A

survivors have chronic, lifelong, subclinical infections (carrier state)

35
Q

diagnosis for A. marginale in cattle

A

presumptive: hematological findings
-inclusion bodies, typically near margin of stained RBC
definitive: PCR, serology

36
Q

what is the most prevalent tick-borne disease of cattle and what is the causative agent?

A

bovine anaplasmosis
A. marginale

37
Q

at what age are cattle most affected by A. marginale

A
38
Q

what are the different transmission routes for A. marginale?

A
39
Q

what is the treatment for A. marginale

A

tetracyclines or imidocarb

40
Q

what is the control/prevention methods for A. marginale

A

-eliminate ticks and blood feeding flies
-disinfect tools
-isolate infected animals

41
Q

what is the causative agent for infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia?

A

A. playtus

42
Q

what is the main presentation for infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia?

A

epistaxis

43
Q

what is the main vector for A. platys

A

brown dog tick

44
Q

how is A. platys diagnosed in ICCT

A

clinical signs; history of tick exposure
-ID morulae in stained platelets

4dx snap
PCR for confirmatory

45
Q

treatment for A. platys in ICCT

A

doxycycline

46
Q

how is A. phagocytophilum transmitted?

A

wild rodents- main mammalian reservoir
blacklegged ticks- vectors

47
Q

what are the common signs of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

lameness (polyarthritis)

48
Q

what is the causative agent of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

A. phagocytophilum

49
Q

what is the causative agent of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

A. phagocytophilum

50
Q

clinical signs for equine granulocytic anaplasmosis

A
51
Q

diagnosis for A. phagocytophilum

A

clinical signs, history of tick exposure, hematology
-ID of morulae in stained neutrophils
-4dx snap
-IFA
-PCR

52
Q

treatment for A. phagocytophilum

A

tetracycline (e.g. doxy)

53
Q

what is the causative agent for canine monocytes ehrlichiosis?

A

E. canis

54
Q

what is the main vector for E. Canis

A

brown dog tick

55
Q

what is the causative agent for canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis?

A

E. ewingii

56
Q

what is the reservoir host for E. ewingii

A

white-tailed deer
dogs and coyotes

57
Q

what is the main vector for E. ewingii

A

lone star tick

58
Q

what causes enamel ehrlichiosis in dogs

A

E. chaffeensis

59
Q

what bacteria species causes this?

A

E. canis

60
Q

disease patter for E. Canis

A

tropism for monocytes and macrophages

61
Q

what is the acute CME for E. canis

A
62
Q

what is the chronic CME for E. canis

A
63
Q

what is the disease pattern for E. ewingii

A

tropism for granulocytes
-CGE similar to acute CME but milder and more often associated with lameness

64
Q

what is the most common disease patter for E. chaffeensis?

A

primarily infects monocytes

65
Q

DX, TX, and prevention for ehrlicia in dogs

A
66
Q

what bacteria are obligate intracellular symboitantos of flukes?

A

neorickettsia

67
Q

what is the causative agent for salmon poisoning disease?

A

N. helminthoeca

68
Q

what is the causative agent for Potomac horse fever?

A

N. risticii

69
Q

what is the reservoir/vector of N. helminthoeca

A

fluke Nanophyetus salmincola

70
Q

what is the life cycle of N. salmincola

A
71
Q

what does N. hemointhocea in dogs primarily infect?

A

monocytes and macrophages

72
Q

SPD N. helminthoca in dogs

A
73
Q

diagnosis for N. helminthoeca in dogs

A

-clinical signs + access to raw fish harvested form endemic areas
-ID fluke eggs in feces
-ID morulae in macrophages and monocytes
-definitive: serology, PCR, sequencing of microbe-specific genes

74
Q

treatment for N. helminthoeca

A

parenteral doxy or oxytetraycline

75
Q

what is the reservoir/vector for N. risticii

A

intestinal fluke

76
Q

what is the life cycle for N. risticii?

A
77
Q

N. risticii in horses

A
78
Q

what is the diagnosis for N. ricsticii in horses

A
79
Q

treatment and prevention for N. risticii

A

microbiology (12 decks)

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