Mycology: Invasive Flashcards
Dimorphic fungi (6)
- Blastomyces
- Histoplasma
- Coccidiodes
- Sporothrix
- Paracoccidioides
- P. marneffei
Where does cryptococcus (neoformans vs gattii) like to grow?
- Which one is likely to cause disease in healthy indiv?
Neoformans:
bird droppings
(pigeon)
- immune compromised
C. gattii:
Trees (euchalyptes ect)
- healthy people
Do fungal meningoencephalitis have high ICP?
Yes
*both bacterial and viral as well - but viral OP can be nl
Which type of infxn, bacterial, fungal, or viral, will have Increased PMNs vs increased lymphocytes in meningitis?
Bacterial: increased PMNs
Fungal+viral:
Increased lymphocyte
Brown on birdseed agar
cryptococcus neoformans
Top 4 causes of nosocomial bloodstream infxn
- Coag - staph
- S. aureus
- Enterococci
- Candida
Candida likes to go to eye and cause
endogeneous endophthalmitis
What media can candida grow on?
any conventional media
Candida likes to invade the mucosa, where does aspergillus like to invade?
Sinus
Lung (cavities)
Skin
Halo sign on x ray
Aspergillus
Thin septate hyphae with 45 degree branching
Aspergillus fumigatus
Moulds like that like glucose, acid, and iron
Mucorales
- Rhizopus
- Mucor
Treatment with deferoxamine can lead to what infxn?
Mucorales
- Rhizopus
- Mucor
*even though it is an iron chelating agent used in cases of Iron overload, Mucor takes advantage of Deferoxamine mobilizing host Iron
Irregular, broad, nonseptate hyphae with wide 90 degree ribbon-like branching
Mucorales
- Rhizopus
- Mucor
“Mouse fur on a plate”
Black mould
- Dematiaceous moulds
- makes melanin
How do you get Dematiaceous moulds?
Soil saprophytes
Direct inoculation
systemic mycoses that forms pylogranulomatous (granulomas) nodules
Blastomycosis
List order of strongest to weakest antifungal
- ITRA
- AmB
- FLU
- KETO
- VORI
AmB > ITRA > VORI > FLU > KETO
Erythema nodosum
Coccidioidomycosis
+ Histoplasmosis
Compare to RBC
Coccidioidomycosus
Blastomycosis
Histoplasmosis
Coccidioidomycosus > RBC
Blastomycosis = RBC
Histoplasmosis
Spherules filled with endospores
ALternating arthroconidia + positive DNA probe
Caseating granuloma
Coccidioidomycosus
Antibodies disappear when “fixed” for Coccidioidomycosus indicates?
Coccidioidomycosus
- any detectable Ab is active disease
If cured, serology should be undetectable
Classic triad of paracoccidioidomycosis
- Edentulous
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
- Chronic pulmonary disease
Mississippi, Ohioriver valley
Histo
+
Blastomycosis
*overlap
Histo hides _____
in macrophages
bc they are smaller than RBC
Rose gardner disease
*can be zoonotic
Sporothrix schenckii
Cigar shaped budding yeast that lives on vegetation
Sporothrix schenckii
Nodules and ulcers extending along path of lymphatic drainage
sporotrichosis
HIV pts
SE Asia
Bamboo rat range
Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei
Red diffusible pigment
“skeleton hands”
Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei
