BIOterrorism Flashcards
Salmonella typhimurium vs
Salmonella typhi
Salmonella typhimurium
- not readily transferred person to person
Salmonella typhi
- hu infxn that is highly transmissible
Is anthrax transmissible?
Tularemia?
no anthrax is transmitted by spores not person to person
Tularemia is also not from person to person, it is transmitted via ticks (but can be aerosolized)
Widening of mediastium
anthrax
Poison you can get from the remains after caster beans that are boiled down to produce caster oil.
Ricin
Category A biothreat agents
(4) examples
Anthrax Botulinum toxin Small pox Tularemia Plague Viruses causing hemorrhagic fevers
Category B biothreat agents
- Describe
Q-fever + Brucellosis B. mallei Ricin Mycotoxins Cholera
What could be mistaken as cutaneous anthrax (black eschar)
Ecthyma gangrenosum - P. aeruginosa
Ulceroglandular tularemia - Francisella tularensis
Plague - Y. pestis
Leprosy - M. leprae
What could be mistaken as gastrointestinal anthrax?
Typhoid fever - S. typhi
Intestinal tularemia - Francisella tularensis
Peptic ulcer - H. pylori
What could be mistaken as Inhalation anthrax?
Legionnaires disease - L. pneumophilia
Q fever - Coxiella burnetti
Viral pneumonia - Influenza, CMV, Hantavirus
2 kinds of biothreat agents
- Transmissible infectious agents
- spread among people, animals, plants - Toxins
- affect exposed people
- do not make them contageious
Category A biothreat agents
Describe
All are:
- easily transmissible
- high mortality rates and major public health impact
- might cause public panic and social disruption
- require special action for public health preparedness
Category B biothreat agents
Describe
All are:
- moderately easy to disseminate
- cause moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates
- require enhanced dx capacity
- could be genetically enhanced for use as a weapon
Yellow rain
Mycotoxins (fungal toxins) that can be used as aerosol attack that contaminates clothes and environment by pigmented oily fluids
What is responsible for the sx of smallpox?
Immune response
Innate: fever + systemic symptoms
Acquired:
- Pustular rash (also due to virus dmg to cells + skin)
- inflammation +
cell mediated immunity
Variolation
inoculating people with samples taken from a patient or a recently variolated individual in the hope that a mild, but protective infection would result.
~2% died from it
