Mycology

Question 1

Spaghetti and meatball appearance on 10% KOH

Answer 1

Malassezia furfur

Tx. Miconazole

Question 2

Disease usually seen in gardeners (thorn prick)

Answer 2

Sporothrix schenkii

Tx. Potassium Iodide

Question 3

Condition: influenza like illness, lung infiltrates, adenopathy or effusions
Erythema nodosum (desert bumps) arthralgia meningitis

Answer 3

Valley fever

Question 4

MOT for Valley Fever

Answer 4

inhalation of arthrospores

Question 5

Cause of Valley Fever

Answer 5

Coccidioides imitis

Question 6

Bird droppings, (Starlings) or bat guano

Answer 6

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 7

Condition that closely mimics tuberculosis

Chronic pneumonia, erythema nodosum, tongue ulcerations in AIDS patients

Answer 7

Histoplasmosis

Question 8

MOT of Histoplasmosis

Answer 8

inhalation of airborne microconidia

Question 9

2 great mimickers of PTB

Answer 9

Histoplasmosis

Paragonimus westermani

Question 10

Dimorphic fungus

round yeast with broad based bud

Answer 10

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 11

Dimorphic fungus

thick yeast with multiple buds in wheel configurations (mariner’s wheel) / Mickey mouse appearance

Answer 11

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Question 12

Lutz-Almeida-De splendon

Answer 12

Paracoccidiodomycosis

Question 13

Fungi that only infects men (inhibited by estrogen)

Answer 13

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Question 14

Oval yeast with a single bud or as pseudohyphae

Answer 14

Candida albicans

Question 15

Form germ tubes in serum and chlamydo-spores in culture

Answer 15

Candida albicans

Question 16

Diseases associated with Candida albicans

Immunocompetent & Immunocompromise

Answer 16

Immunocompetent:
   Vulvuvaginitis -> curdlike discharge
  Onychomycosis
   Skin lesions -> satellite lesions
Immunocompromise:
  pseudomembranous esophagitis/HIV

Question 17

DOC of Candida diseases

Answer 17

oropharyngeal and esophageal -> nystatin swish & swash
Skin infection -> clotrimazole
Disseminated candidiasis -> amphotericin B
Chemoprophylaxis -> fluconazole

Question 18

Oval yeast w/ narrow-based bud surrounded by a wide polysaccharide capsule seen in India Ink

Answer 18

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 19

(+) CALAS test

Answer 19

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 20

Septate hyphae that form V-shaped (dichotomous) branches

Acute angles

Answer 20

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 21

Asthmatic symptoms with walls with expectoration of brownish bronchial plugs

Answer 21

Allergic Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)

Question 22

Saprophytic molds with nonseptate hyphae with walls and branches at right angles

Answer 22

Mucormycosis

Question 23

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation

Answer 23

Mucormycosis