Mycobacterium Flashcards
classificationof mycobacterium in 3 characteristics
- acidfastness
- presence of mycolic acid 70-90 carbons
- high guanine and cytosine in DNA
advantage of lipid rich cell wall?
- resistance to disinfectant, detergent
- resistant to common antibacterial antibiotic
- resistant to host immune response
- resist traditional stains
What is lipoarabinomannan (LAM)
part of cell wall related to o anitgen. lipoproteins that take up the most space
mycolic acid
fatty acid chains
how does mycobactrium prevent fusion of phagosome by lysosome? What does it block?
blocks specific bridge molecule called, early endosoma auto antigen EEA1
clinical diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis. 3 criteria
- radiographic evidence of pulmonary disease
- positive skin test
- lab detection of mycobacterium
how does tuberculin test work? what do the results mean?
purified protein derivitive PPD is inserted in the skin.
positive result = possible exposure, body developed antibodies
negative result = no exposure
how many in the world has been affected by mycobacterium tuberculosis?
1/3 of the world
is there a vaccine for M tuberculosis?
yes but only used in endemic countries (BCG)
How long is the treatment for someone infected with tuberculosis?
6-9 months of antibiotic
__ antibiotic resistance of M tubeculosis
extensive drug resistant (XDR) TB multidrug resistant potentially unreatable
what does mycobacterium leprae cause?
leprosy also known as hansen disease
2 forms of leprocy
- lepromatus leprocy- most infectious form of leprocy, extensive tissue distruction
- tuberculoid leprocy- hypopigmentation, peripheral damge
how does leprocy spread?
direct contact, person to person, inhalation of infectious aerosols
how long is the treatment for mycobacterium leprocy?
tuberculoid- 6 mos
lepromatous- 12 mos
