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BACT211 MIDTERM > MYCOBACTERIA > Flashcards

MYCOBACTERIA Flashcards

1
Q

It is non-motile, non-spore forming slender, slightly curved or straight, rod-shaped that have tendency to clump.

A

Mycobacteria

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2
Q

It consists of M.tuberculosis, M.bovis, M.africanum, M.canetti, and M.microti

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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3
Q

This is acquired from persons with active disease who are excreting viable bacilli by coughing, sneezing, or talking.

A

Tubercle bacilli

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4
Q

Hard tubercle or granuloma may be formed.

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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5
Q

In infected individuals, there’s a potential for reactivation of TB.

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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6
Q

It is usually a disease of the respiratory tract.

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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7
Q

It refers to seeding of many organs outside the pulmonary tree with AFB through hematogenous spread.

A

Military TB (Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis)

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8
Q

Almost any organ of the body can be infected by M.tuberculosis

A

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

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9
Q

It is an unexplained pleural effusion with mononuclear pleurocytosis, manifests as cough, fever, and chest pain, resembling the presentation of bacterial pneumonia.

A

Pleurisy (Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis)

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10
Q

Lymphadenitis

A

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

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11
Q

Genitourinary TB

A

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

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12
Q

Skeletal TB of the spine is referred to as Pott disease.

A

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

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13
Q

Meningitis

A

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

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14
Q

It is an examination usually reveals an elevated protein level, decreased glucose level, and a predominance of lymphocytes.

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

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15
Q

It is typically raised with a dry and rough appearance.

A

Colonies

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16
Q

Are nonpigmented and classically described as
being buff-colored.

A

Colonies

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17
Q

Fever, fatigue, night sweats, weight loss, dyspnea, coughing, chest pain, hemoptysis

A

Primary TB

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18
Q

TB primarily in cattle but also in other ruminants, as well as in dogs, cats, swine, parrots, and humans.

A

Mycobacterium bovis

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19
Q

Patient’s compliance to drug regimen

A

DOTS — Direct Observe Treatment Shortcourse

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20
Q

Other drugs used if resistant in 9 month course theraphy.

A

kanamycin, ciprofloxacin

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21
Q

Second-generation aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. (treatment)

A

MDR - TB

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22
Q

Treatment is combinations of several drugs. (treatment)

A

XDR - TB

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23
Q

2 parts of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)

A

Mycobacterium avium and M.intracellulare

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24
Q

It is a cause of disease in poultry and swine — Zoonotic

A

M.avium

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25
Q

Found in the environment that colonize the skin, respiratory tract and of healthy individuals.

A

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

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26
Q

Atypical mycobacteria or mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (mott)

A

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

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27
Q

Non transmissible from person to person

A

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

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28
Q

Aids contributed to incidence to ntm disease.

A

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

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29
Q

Chronic pulmonary disease resembling TB.

A

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

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30
Q

Isoniazid and rifampin (treatment)

A

9 month course therapy

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31
Q

Resistant to INH and RMP plus any fluoroquinolones and at least one injectable second-line drugs (e.g. amikacin, kanamycin,
capreomycin)

A

XDR - TB

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32
Q

Resistance to at least two of the most powerful first line anti-TB
drugs, INH and RMP

A

MDR - TB

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33
Q

Causative agent of Johne disease, an intestinal infection occurring as a chronic diarrhea in cattle, sheep, goats, and other ruminants.

A

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

34
Q

Very slow growth rate (3 to 4 months)

A

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

35
Q

Needs mycobactin — supplemented medium for primary isolation.

A

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

36
Q

Cause of disseminated infections in patients with AIDS

A

Mycobacterium genavense

37
Q

Enteritis and genial and soft tissue infections

A

Mycobacterium genavense

38
Q

Middlebrook 7H11 agar supplemented with mycobactin

A

Mycobacterium genavense

39
Q

Heat stable catalase, pyrazinamidase, and urease — positive

A

Mycobacterium genavense

40
Q

reactivation or reinfection (treatment)

A

Secondary Tb

41
Q

Submandiubular lymphadenitis, subcutaenous nodules, painful swellings, ulcers progressing to abscesses, and draining fistulas are often the clinical manifestations.

A

Mycobacterium haemophilum

42
Q

What is the unique characteristic of Mycobacterium haemophilum?

A

its requirement for hemoglobin or hemin for growth

43
Q

Optimal growth temperature is 28 C to 32V: little or no growth occurs at 37C.

A

Mycobacterium haemophilum

44
Q

Cells are strongly acid-fast, short occasionally curved bacilli without banding or beading, and arranged in tight clusters or cords.

A

Mycobacterium haemophilum

45
Q

An organism where strains have been isolated from water.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

46
Q

Infections are not normally considered contagious from person
to person

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

47
Q

Susceptible to rifampin and ethambutol, partially resistant to isoniazid anstreptomycin, and resistant to pyrazanamide.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

48
Q

A multidrug regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol is currently recommended.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

49
Q

Long rods with distinct crossbanding

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

50
Q

A mycobacterium where colonies are photochromogenic.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

51
Q

A mycobacterium where with prolonged exposure to light, most strains from dark red crystals of carotene on the surface of and inside the colony.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

52
Q

A mycobacterium that is strongly catalase-positive.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

53
Q

A mycobacterium that is hydrolyze tween 80 in 3 days.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

54
Q

A mycobacterium that is strong nitrate reduction.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

55
Q

A mycobacterium that’s pyrazinamidase production.

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

56
Q

Chronic pulmonary disease and cervical lymphadenitis.

A

Mycobacterium malmoense

57
Q

Resistant to isoniazid, streptomycin, p aminosalicylic acid, and rifampin and susceptible to ethambutol and cycloserine.

A

Mycobacterium malmoense

58
Q

A short coccobacillus without cross bands on acid-fast-strained smears.

A

Mycobacterium malmoense

59
Q

Colonies are smooth glistening, and opaque, with dense centers.

A

Mycobacterium malmoense

60
Q

Cervical Lymphadenitis in children

A

Mycobacterium scrofulaceum

61
Q

The organism grows slowly (4 to 6 weeks) at incubation temperatures ranging from 25 to 37C

A

Mycobacterium scrofulaceum

62
Q

It is isolated from the lymph nodes of monkeys.

A

Mycobacterium simiae

63
Q

Colonies on Middlebrook 7H10 agar are thin, transparent or tiny, and filamentous.

A

Mycobacterium simiae

64
Q

A mycobacterium that has been implicated in diseases of fish and isolated from aquariums.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

65
Q

Cutaneous infections in humans occur when traumatized skin comes into contact with salt water or inadequately chlorinated fresh water containing the organism.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

66
Q

Tender red or blue-red subcutaneous nodule, or swimming pool ganuloma, usually occurs on the elbow, knee, toe, or finger.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

67
Q

Cells of this organism are moderately long to long rods with cross barring.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

68
Q

Its organism is photochromogenic; young colonies.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

69
Q

Its Colonies grown in or exposed to light develop a deep yellow color.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

70
Q

The organisms hydrolyze Tween 80 and produce urease and pyrazinamidase.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

71
Q

None reduces nitrate or produces heat-stable catalase.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

72
Q

The organisms hydrolyze Tween 80 and produce urease and pyrazinamidase.

A

Mycobacterium marinum

73
Q

Young colonies grown on cornmeal agar have a bird’s nest appearance, with characteristic stick-like projections.

A

Mycobacterium xenopi

74
Q

Recovered from hot and cold-water taps (including water storage tanks of hospitals).

A

Mycobacterium xenopi

75
Q

Organism that have been associated with a variety of infections of the skin, lungs, bone, central nervous system, and prosthetic heart valves.

A

M.chelonae

76
Q

Mycobacterium that seen in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

A

M.abscessus

77
Q

The M. smegmatis group contains two species.

A

M.smegmatis and M.goodie

78
Q

Mycobacterium that has been implicated in rare cases of pulmonary, skin, soft tissue, and bone infections.

A

M.smegmatis

79
Q

Cells are long and tapered or short rods with irregular acid fastness.

A

M.smegmatis

80
Q

Negative arylsulfatase reaction, positive iron uptake, ability to reduce nitrate, and growth in the presence of 5% NaCl and on MacConkey agar without crystal violet.

A

Mycobacterium smegmatis

BACT211 MIDTERM (6 decks)

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